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1. 发明授权

US07996446B2 Scheduling and performing garbage collection in a real-time system with guaranteed space bounds 有权
标题翻译：在具有有限空间限制的实时系统中调度和执行垃圾收集
公开(公告)号：US07996446B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-09
申请号：US12538197
申请日：2009-08-10
申请人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
发明人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F12/0269 , G06F12/0253 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： A method for performing garbage collection for a real-time application uses a memory for determining an amount of memory required to run the garbage collection process and waits until the determined amount of memory is available, then allocates memory space for the application by segmenting the memory space into a number of pages of a predetermined size. A mutator is used for assuring that only non-null, unmarked objects are placed into a write buffer. A hybrid collector is used for removing the dead objects and defragmenting the memory space.
摘要翻译：用于执行实时应用的垃圾收集的方法使用用于确定运行垃圾收集处理所需的存储量的存储器，并等待直到所确定的存储器量可用，然后通过分割存储器为应用分配存储器空间空间进入预定大小的页数。使用变异器来确保只有非空的未标记对象被放置在写入缓冲区中。混合收集器用于删除死对象并对内存空间进行碎片整理。

2. 发明授权

US07747659B2 Garbage collector with eager read barrier 失效
标题翻译：垃圾收集器与渴望读屏障
公开(公告)号：US07747659B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-29
申请号：US10751793
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
发明人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0253
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements uses an eager read barrier that performs a forwarding operation as soon as a quantity is loaded. The barrier maintains a to-space invariant by including a forwarding pointer in the header of objects to be moved or accessed that normally points to the object itself. However, if the object has been moved, the forwarding pointer points to the new object location. The eager read barrier maintains the registers and stack cells such that the registers and stack cells always point into to-space. Barrier-sinking and common sub-expression elimination are used to minimize the overhead associated with the read barrier.
摘要翻译：需要满足实时要求的垃圾收集系统使用一个急速读取障碍，一旦加载数量就执行转发操作。屏障通过将转发指针包括在通常指向对象本身的要移动或访问的对象的标题中来维护空间不变量。但是，如果对象已被移动，则转发指针指向新的对象位置。急切的阅读障碍维护寄存器和堆栈单元，使得寄存器和堆栈单元总是指向空间。使用阻塞沉没和公共子表达式消除来最小化与读取屏障相关联的开销。

3. 发明授权

US07624137B2 Method and apparatus for scheduling and performing garbage collection in a real-time system with guaranteed space bounds 有权
标题翻译：用于在具有保证的空间界限的实时系统中调度和执行垃圾收集的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07624137B2
公开(公告)日：2009-11-24
申请号：US10751595
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
发明人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0269 , G06F12/0253 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements with guaranteed space bounds uses a mostly non-copying hybrid collector that performs defragmentation with limited copying of objects. The garbage collection and the real-time application are interleaved on a time-based schedule. An interval for the interleaving is selected based upon a garbage collector processing rate, a garbage generation rate and a memory allocation rate of the real-time application. An amount of memory for the real-time application and the garbage collection process is selected based upon the maximum excess memory requirement of the garbage collection process and the maximum memory requirement for the application. Defragmentation is only performed when an amount of available memory falls below a predetermined level.
摘要翻译：需要满足具有保证的空间限制的实时要求的垃圾收集系统使用大多数非复制混合收集器，通过有限的对象复制执行碎片整理。垃圾收集和实时应用程序以时间计划交错。基于垃圾收集器处理速率，垃圾生成率和实时应用的存储器分配速率来选择交织间隔。基于垃圾收集过程的最大超量存储器要求和应用程序的最大存储器要求，选择用于实时应用和垃圾收集过程的存储量。碎片整理仅在可用内存量低于预定级别时执行。

4. 发明申请

US20100262636A1 GARBAGE COLLECTOR WITH EAGER READ BARRIER 失效
标题翻译：带有EAGER阅读障碍物的收集器
公开(公告)号：US20100262636A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-14
申请号：US12823423
申请日：2010-06-25
申请人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
发明人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F12/0253
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements uses an eager read barrier that performs a forwarding operation as soon as a quantity is loaded. The barrier maintains a to-space invariant by including a forwarding pointer in the header of objects to be moved or accessed that normally points to the object itself. However, if the object has been moved, the forwarding pointer points to the new object location. The eager read barrier maintains the registers and stack cells such that the registers and stack cells always point into to-space. Barrier-sinking and common sub-expression elimination are used to minimize the overhead associated with the read barrier.
摘要翻译：需要满足实时要求的垃圾收集系统使用一个急速读取障碍，一旦加载数量就执行转发操作。屏障通过将转发指针包括在通常指向对象本身的要移动或访问的对象的标题中来维护空间不变量。但是，如果对象已被移动，则转发指针指向新的对象位置。急切的阅读障碍维护寄存器和堆栈单元，使得寄存器和堆栈单元总是指向空间。使用阻塞沉没和公共子表达式消除来最小化与读取屏障相关联的开销。

5. 发明授权

US07984083B2 Garbage collector with eager read barrier 失效
标题翻译：垃圾收集器与渴望读屏障
公开(公告)号：US07984083B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-19
申请号：US12823423
申请日：2010-06-25
申请人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
发明人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0253
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements uses an eager read barrier that performs a forwarding operation as soon as a quantity is loaded. The barrier maintains a to-space invariant by including a forwarding pointer in the header of objects to be moved or accessed that normally points to the object itself. However, if the object has been moved, the forwarding pointer points to the new object location. The eager read barrier maintains the registers and stack cells such that the registers and stack cells always point into to-space. Barrier-sinking and common sub-expression elimination are used to minimize the overhead associated with the read barrier.
摘要翻译：需要满足实时要求的垃圾收集系统使用一个急速读取障碍，一旦加载数量就执行转发操作。屏障通过将转发指针包括在通常指向对象本身的要移动或访问的对象的标题中来维护空间不变量。但是，如果对象已被移动，则转发指针指向新的对象位置。急切的阅读障碍维护寄存器和堆栈单元，使得寄存器和堆栈单元总是指向空间。使用阻塞沉没和公共子表达式消除来最小化与读取屏障相关联的开销。

6. 发明授权

US07792880B2 Method and apparatus for efficient implementation of discontiguous objects 有权
标题翻译：用于有效实施不连续物体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07792880B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-07
申请号：US10751788
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： Matthew Arnold , David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
发明人： Matthew Arnold , David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06Q50/30 , G06F12/0269 , G06F2212/1044
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements breaks large objects that need to be moved into a series of arraylets. The arraylets are sized such that the amount of time required to move the arraylets is bounded by a predetermined amount. The arrays are preferably uniformly represented in the header for each array with a series of arraylet pointers that indicate the location of the arraylets. Control-flow graph splitting is used to eliminate multiple tests and allow common sub-expression elimination. Strip-mining can also be used to improve the efficiency of the process.
摘要翻译：需要满足实时需求的垃圾收集系统会将需要移动到一系列数组中的大型对象打破。大小的大小使得移动小数列所需的时间量被预定量限制。阵列优选地在每个阵列的头部中均一地表示，其中具有指示数组对的位置的一系列arraylet指针。控制流图分割用于消除多个测试，并允许消除公共子表达式。剥离矿也可以用来提高工艺的效率。

7. 发明授权

US07702663B2 Breaking read barrier to apply optimizations 有权
标题翻译：打破阅读障碍以应用优化
公开(公告)号：US07702663B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-20
申请号：US10751598
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
发明人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F7/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0253
摘要： A garbage collection system that needs to meet real-time requirements utilizes a read barrier that is implemented in an optimizing compiler. The read barrier is implemented with a forwarding pointer positioned in a header of each object. The forwarding pointer points to the object unless the object has been moved. The barrier is optimized by breaking the barrier and applying barrier sinking to sink the read barrier to its point of use and by using sub-expression elimination. A null-check for the read barrier is combined with a null-check required by the real-time application. All objects are located and moved with the collector to minimize variations in mutator utilization.
摘要翻译：需要满足实时要求的垃圾收集系统使用在优化编译器中实现的读取障碍。读取障碍通过位于每个对象的头部中的转发指针来实现。转发指针指向对象，除非对象已被移动。通过打破屏障并应用屏障吸收将读屏障吸收到其使用点并通过使用子表达式消除来优化屏障。读取障碍的空值检查与实时应用程序所需的空检验相结合。所有物体都与收集器一起定位并移动，以最大限度地减少变异器利用率的变化。

8. 发明申请

US20090300086A1 SCHEDULING AND PERFORMING GARBAGE COLLECTION IN A REAL-TIME SYSTEM WITH GUARANTEED SPACE BOUNDS 有权
标题翻译：在有保证的空间边界的实时系统中调度和执行收集
公开(公告)号：US20090300086A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-03
申请号：US12538197
申请日：2009-08-10
申请人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
发明人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0269 , G06F12/0253 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： A method for performing garbage collection for a real-time application uses a memory for determining an amount of memory required to run the garbage collection process and waits until the determined amount of memory is available, then allocates memory space for the application by segmenting the memory space into a number of pages of a predetermined size. A mutator is used for assuring that only non-null, unmarked objects are placed into a write buffer. A hybrid collector is used for removing the dead objects and defragmenting the memory space.
摘要翻译：用于执行实时应用的垃圾收集的方法使用用于确定运行垃圾收集处理所需的存储量的存储器，并等待直到所确定的存储器量可用，然后通过分割存储器为应用分配存储器空间空间进入预定大小的页数。使用变异器来确保只有非空的未标记对象被放置在写入缓冲区中。混合收集器用于删除死对象并对内存空间进行碎片整理。

9. 发明授权

US07519639B2 Method and apparatus for dynamic incremental defragmentation of memory 失效
标题翻译：用于动态增量碎片整理存储器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07519639B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-14
申请号：US10751789
申请日：2004-01-05
申请人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
发明人： David Francis Bacon , Perry Cheng , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0269 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： A garbage collection process for managing a memory includes a defragmentation cycle. The garbage collection process is interleaved with a running application on a time-based or work-based schedule. The memory is divided into pages which are further divided into blocks falling into one of a number of block size classes. Objects that were not used by applications during the last garbage collection phase are marked. Objects that were used are moved from pages containing the least live objects to pages containing the most live objects. Objects of the largest block size classes are moved first and objects of the smallest block size class are moved last. The garbage collection interval can be selected to satisfy desired CPU utilization or memory overhead requirements.
摘要翻译：用于管理存储器的垃圾收集过程包括碎片整理周期。垃圾收集过程与基于时间或基于工作的计划的正在运行的应用程序进行交织。存储器被划分为进一步分成多个块大小类别之一的块的页面。在最后垃圾收集阶段，应用程序未使用的对象被标记。使用的对象从包含最少活动对象的页面移动到包含最多活动对象的页面。首先移动最大块大小类的对象，最后移动最小块大小类的对象。可以选择垃圾收集间隔以满足期望的CPU利用率或内存开销要求。

10. 发明申请

US20120131070A1 Concurrent Collection of Cyclic Garbage in Reference Counting Systems 失效
标题翻译：参考计数系统中循环垃圾的并发收集
公开(公告)号：US20120131070A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-24
申请号：US13363811
申请日：2012-02-01
申请人： David Francis Bacon , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
发明人： David Francis Bacon , Vadakkedathu Thomas Rajan
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F12/0261 , Y10S707/99938 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： The present invention provides techniques that allow concurrent collection of cyclic garbage on reference counting systems. In general, candidate objects are found that may be part of cyclic garbage. Each candidate object has a reference count. Two tests are performed to determine if concurrent operations have affected the reference counts of the candidate objects. If concurrent operations have not affected the reference counts, the candidate objects are collected as garbage. Additionally, during garbage collection, the decrements to reference counts are delayed so that increments occur before decrements and so that decrements are held a predetermined time before being applied. This prevents decrementing a reference and collecting a cycle as garbage right before a reference is added to an object in the cycle.
摘要翻译：本发明提供允许在引用计数系统上并行收集循环垃圾的技术。一般来说，候选对象被发现可能是循环垃圾的一部分。每个候选对象都有引用计数。执行两个测试以确定并发操作是否影响候选对象的引用计数。如果并发操作没有影响引用计数，则将候选对象收集为垃圾。此外，在垃圾收集期间，延迟到引用计数的减少，使得在递减之前发生增量，并且使得递减在施加之前保持预定时间。这样可以避免在引用被添加到循环中的对象之前减少引用并收集循环作为垃圾。

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