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1. 发明授权

US5240687A Brine treatment 失效
标题翻译：盐水处理
公开(公告)号：US5240687A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-31
申请号：US843169
申请日：1992-02-28
申请人： Darrell L. Gallup , Allen W. Doty , Morton M. Wong , Charles F. Wong , John L. Featherstone , Jessie P. Reverente , Philip H. Messer
发明人： Darrell L. Gallup , Allen W. Doty , Morton M. Wong , Charles F. Wong , John L. Featherstone , Jessie P. Reverente , Philip H. Messer
IPC分类号： C01D3/16 , F24J3/08
CPC分类号： C01D3/16 , F24J3/085 , Y02E10/14
摘要： Geothermal brine is passed through a zone containing a packing metal so as to reduce its tendency to deposit iron/silica scale, reduce corrosivity of the brine, and/or remove and recover metals from the brine. The method polishes the geothermal brine by contacting the brine with a packing metal higher in the electromotive series than silver for a time sufficient for a precious metals to precipitate onto the packing at brine temperature and pH conditions which inhibit iron-rich silica scale. Most preferably, the contacting is accomplished near an injection well at the end of a heat extraction process and the packing comprises coiled zinc-galvanized steel chicken wire mesh packed in a sufficient density to also act as a filter for suspended particles. Alternatively, contacting is also accomplished near the production well. Dissolving the packing in a suitable acid leaves a precious metal-rich residue behind for subsequent recovery. When the brine is treated in accordance with this method, the useful life of injection wells used to return cooled brine back to the geothermal field is extended by at least about 3 time as compared to that observed with untreated brine. Further the contacted brine is less corrosive than it was before contacting.
摘要翻译：地热盐水通过含有包装金属的区域，以便降低其沉积铁/二氧化硅垢的倾向，降低盐水的腐蚀性，和/或从盐水中除去和回收金属。该方法通过使盐水与电荷系列比银高的填充金属接触一段时间，使贵金属在盐水温度和pH条件下沉淀到填料上，从而抑制富铁二氧化硅垢。最优选地，在热提取过程结束时，在注入井附近进行接触，并且填料包括以足够密度填充的卷绕的镀锌钢丝鸡丝网，还用作悬浮颗粒的过滤器。或者，也可以在生产井附近进行接触。将包装溶解在合适的酸中，留下贵重的富含金属的残留物，以便后续回收。当根据该方法处理盐水时，将冷却的盐水返回到地热场的注入井的使用寿命比未处理的盐水所观察到的延长至少约3倍。此外，接触的盐水比接触前的腐蚀性较小。

2. 发明授权

US5145656A Brine treatment 失效
标题翻译：盐水处理
公开(公告)号：US5145656A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-08
申请号：US559042
申请日：1990-07-26
申请人： Darrell L. Gallup , Allen W. Doty , Morton M. Wong , Charles F. Wong , John L. Featherstone , Jessie P. Reverente , Philip H. Messer
发明人： Darrell L. Gallup , Allen W. Doty , Morton M. Wong , Charles F. Wong , John L. Featherstone , Jessie P. Reverente , Philip H. Messer
IPC分类号： C01D3/16 , F24J3/08
CPC分类号： F24J3/085 , C01D3/16 , Y02E10/14 , Y10S423/19
摘要： Geothermal brine is passed through a zone containing a packing metal so as to reduce its tendency to deposit iron/silica scale, reduce corrosivity of the brine, and/or remove and recover metals from the brine. The method polished the geothermal brine by contacting the brine with a packing metal higher in the electromotive series than silver for a time sufficient for a precious metals to precipitate onto the packing at brine temperature and pH conditions which inhibit iron-rich silica scale. Most preferably, the contacting is accomplished near an injection well at the end of a heat extraction process and the packing comprises coiled zinc-galvanized steel chicken wire mesh packed in a sufficient density to also act as a filter for suspended particles. Alternatively, contacting is also accomplished near the production well. Dissolving the packing in a suitable acid leaves a precious metal-rich residue behind for subsequent recovery. When the brine is treated in accordance with this method, the useful life of injection wells used to return cooled brine back to the geothermal field is extended by at least about 3 time as compared to that observed with untreated brine. Further the contacted brine is less corrosive than it was before contacting.
摘要翻译：地热盐水通过含有包装金属的区域，以便降低其沉积铁/二氧化硅垢的倾向，降低盐水的腐蚀性，和/或从盐水中除去和回收金属。该方法通过使盐水与电动系列比银高的填充金属接触足够使贵金属在盐水温度和抑制富铁二氧化硅垢的pH条件下沉淀到填料上的时间来抛光地热盐水。最优选地，在热提取过程结束时在注入井附近进行接触，并且填料包括以足够的密度填充的卷曲的镀锌钢丝鸡丝网，还用作悬浮颗粒的过滤器。或者，也可以在生产井附近进行接触。将包装溶解在合适的酸中，留下贵重的富含金属的残留物，以便后续回收。当根据该方法处理盐水时，将冷却的盐水返回到地热场的注入井的使用寿命比未处理的盐水所观察到的延长至少约3倍。此外，接触的盐水比接触前的腐蚀性较小。

3. 发明授权

US5145515A Treatment of brine 失效
标题翻译：处理盐水
公开(公告)号：US5145515A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-08
申请号：US458886
申请日：1989-12-29
申请人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone , Jessie P. Reverente , Philip H. Messer , Allen W. Doty
发明人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone , Jessie P. Reverente , Philip H. Messer , Allen W. Doty
IPC分类号： F03G4/00 , C01D3/16 , C02F5/00 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , F24J3/08
CPC分类号： F24J3/085 , C01D3/16 , Y02E10/14 , Y10S423/19
摘要： A method is disclosed for polishing geothermal brines containing iron-rich silica scale and silica particles suspended therein while removing and recovering copper, silver and other precious metals dissolved therein. The method comprises passing brine having a pH just below about 5.0 through a conduit packed with a metal higher in the electromotive series than silver for a time sufficient for a substantial portion of the copper and silver therein to precipitate onto the packing. Preferably, the packing comprises coiled zinc-galvanized steel chicken wire mesh packed in a sufficient density to act as a filter for said suspended particles. Dissolving the packing in a suitable acid will leave a precious metal-rich residue behind for subsequent recovery. When the brine is treated in accordance with this method, the useful life of injection wells used to return cooled brine back to the geothermal field is extended by at least about 3 time as compared to that observed with untreated brine. Further the treated brine is less corrosive than it was before treatment.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于抛光含有富铁二氧化硅垢和悬浮在其中的二氧化硅颗粒的地热盐水的方法，同时除去和回收溶解在其中的铜，银和其它贵金属。该方法包括将具有低于约5.0的pH的盐水通过填充有比电银系列更高的金属的导管充满足以使其中大部分铜和银沉淀到填料上的时间的导管。优选地，填料包括以足够的密度填充的卷绕的镀锌钢丝鸡丝网，以充当所述悬浮颗粒的过滤器。将包装溶解在合适的酸中将留下贵重的富含金属的残留物，以便随后的回收。当根据该方法处理盐水时，将冷却的盐水返回到地热场的注入井的使用寿命比未处理的盐水所观察到的延长至少约3倍。此外，处理过的盐水比处理前的腐蚀性低。

4. 发明授权

US5082492A Recovery of precious metals from aqueous media 失效
标题翻译：从含水介质中回收贵金属
公开(公告)号：US5082492A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-21
申请号：US345167
申请日：1989-05-01
申请人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone , Jessie P. Reverente , Philip H. Messer
发明人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone , Jessie P. Reverente , Philip H. Messer
IPC分类号： F03G4/00 , C01D3/16 , C02F5/00 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , F24J3/08
CPC分类号： F24J3/085 , C01D3/16 , Y02E10/14 , Y10S423/19
摘要： A method is disclosed for polishing geothermal brines containing iron-rich silica scale and silica particles suspended therein while removing and recovering copper, silver and other precious metals dissolved therein. The method comprises passing brine having a pH just below about 5.0 through a conduit packed with a metal higher in the electromotive series than silver for a time to sufficient for substantially all of the silver and other precious metals therein to precipitate onto the packing. Preferably, the packing comprises coiled zinc-galvanized steel chicken wire mesh packed in a sufficient density to act as a filter for said suspended particles. Dissolving the packing in a suitable acid will leave a precious metal-rich residue behind for subsequent recovery. When the brine is treated this process, the useful life of injection wells used to return cooled brine back to the geothrmal field is extended by at least about 3 times as compared to that observed with untreated brine.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于抛光含有富铁二氧化硅垢和悬浮在其中的二氧化硅颗粒的地热盐水的方法，同时除去和回收溶解在其中的铜，银和其它贵金属。该方法包括将具有低于约5.0的pH的盐水通过填充有高于银的电动系列中的金属的管道一段时间足以使其中的所有银和其它贵金属基本上沉淀到填料上。优选地，填料包括以足够的密度填充的卷绕的镀锌钢丝鸡丝网，以充当所述悬浮颗粒的过滤器。将包装溶解在合适的酸中将留下贵重的富含金属的残留物，以便随后的回收。当这种方法处理盐水时，用于将冷却的盐水返回到地质储层的注入井的使用寿命与未处理的盐水相比，延长至少约3倍。

5. 发明授权

US4869066A Method for the production of usable steam and non-toxic solids from geothermal brine 失效
标题翻译：从地热卤水生产可用蒸汽和无毒固体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4869066A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-26
申请号：US232385
申请日：1988-08-15
申请人： D. Stephen Pye , John L. Featherstone , Darrell L. Gallup , Gregory A. Gritters , Daniel P. Hoyer , Morton M. Wong
发明人： D. Stephen Pye , John L. Featherstone , Darrell L. Gallup , Gregory A. Gritters , Daniel P. Hoyer , Morton M. Wong
IPC分类号： F03G4/00 , F03G4/06 , F03G7/04
CPC分类号： F03G7/04 , Y02E10/10
摘要： A method is provided for producing electric power from hot, pressurized geothermal brine containing dissolved toxic elements without significant precipitation of toxic solids. When sludge produced by the process is washed, non-toxic solids are produced which can be disposed of or utilized in an environmentally acceptable manner. The method includes removing geothermal brine from an underground aquifer, separating non-condensable gases therefrom, and handling the non-condensable gases separately from the processing of the non-condensable gas-free brine to prevent reactions therebetween. An air-free flashed brine handling system is established to prevent contact of air with the flashed brine, and all brine contacted with air is injected into the geothermal brine aquifer through a separate, corrosion-protected injection well. Steam derived from the brine is used to produce electric power, the steam being condensed in the process. The steam condensate is air-cooled, and is used in the steam condensation process. Air-contacted steam condensate is deaerated before being combined with the brine, some of the deaerated condensate being used for scrubbing the steam obtained from the brine. The isolation of non-aerated brine and deaerated condensate from aerated brine, the removal of non-condensable gases from the brine, and the washing of the sludge produced from the brine results in a non-toxic sludge in accordance with government-accepted standards.
摘要翻译：提供了一种从含有溶解的有毒元素的热的，加压的地热卤水中产生电力而不显着沉淀有毒固体的方法。当通过该方法生产的污泥被洗涤时，产生可以以环境可接受的方式处理或利用的无毒固体。该方法包括从地下含水层中除去地热盐水，从其中分离不可冷凝的气体，以及与不可冷凝的无气体盐水的处理分开处理不可冷凝气体，以防止它们之间的反应。建立了无空气闪蒸的盐水处理系统，以防止空气与闪蒸的盐水接触，并且与空气接触的所有盐水通过单独的防腐注入井注入地热盐水含水层。用盐水蒸汽产生电力，蒸汽在该过程中冷凝。蒸汽冷凝物是空气冷却的，用于蒸汽冷凝过程。空气接触的蒸汽冷凝物在与盐水组合之前进行脱气，一些脱气冷凝物用于洗涤从盐水获得的蒸汽。从充气盐水中分离未充气的盐水和脱气的冷凝物，从盐水中除去不可冷凝的气体以及从盐水产生的污泥的洗涤导致根据政府接受的标准的无毒污泥。

6. 发明授权

US4874529A Process and apparatus for reducing the concentration of suspended solids in clarified geothermal brine 失效
标题翻译：降低澄清地热盐水中悬浮固体浓度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4874529A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-17
申请号：US162005
申请日：1988-02-29
申请人： John L. Featherstone , S. Timothy Spang , David G. Newell , Darrell L. Gallup
发明人： John L. Featherstone , S. Timothy Spang , David G. Newell , Darrell L. Gallup
IPC分类号： B01D36/04 , C02F1/54 , E21B43/40
CPC分类号： B01D36/04 , C02F1/54 , E21B43/40
摘要： A process and apparatus is provided for reducing the concentration of fine, residual solids still remaining suspended in clarified geothermal brine overflow from a primary brine clarification stage in which hot, flashed, silica-rich geothermal brine, containing suspended siliceous material, is gravity separated, comprises flowing the brine overflow from the primary clarification stage into a closed secondary clarifier vessel having an internal reaction well. Capacity of the secondary clarifier vessel provides a brine residence time in the vessel of between about 45 and about 150 minutes, the brine residence time in the reaction well being between about 10 and about 20 minutes. Brine in the vessel is blanketed with steam flashed from the brine to exclude air from the vessel. In the reaction well, the brine is contacted with a flocculating agent, such as a cationic, anionic, or non-ionic polyacrylamide having a molecular weight of at least about 1 million, in an amount of between about 0.25 and about 2 parts per million. An underflow slurry of flocculated siliceous solids and brine is discharged from the bottom of the vessel. An amount of such underflow slurry is recirculated back into the reaction well to cause the solids concentration in the well to be between about 0.5 and about 3 weight percent. A secondarily clarified brine overflow from the secondary clarifier vessel has a concentration of fine, siliceous material remaining suspended therein that is substantially reduced over the concentration of such material suspended in the brine overflow from the primary clarification stage.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法和装置，用于降低仍然悬浮在澄清的地热盐水溢出物中的细小残留固体的浓度，其中主要的盐水澄清阶段，其中含有悬浮的硅质材料的热的，闪蒸的含二氧化硅的地热卤水被重力分离，包括将盐水溢出物从初级澄清段流入具有良好内部反应的封闭的次级澄清池。次级澄清器容器的容量在容器中提供在约45至约150分钟之间的盐水停留时间，反应中的盐水停留时间为约10至约20分钟。容器中的盐水被从盐水中闪蒸的蒸汽覆盖，以排除容器中的空气。在反应槽中，将盐水与絮凝剂如分子量至少约100万的阳离子，阴离子或非离子聚丙烯酰胺接触，其量为约0.25至约2ppm 。絮凝的硅质固体和盐水的下溢浆料从容器的底部排出。将这种下溢浆料的量再循环回到反应井中，以使井中的固体浓度在约0.5重量％至约3重量％之间。次要澄清的二次澄清池容器中的盐水溢出物具有悬浮在其中的精细的二氧化硅材料的浓度，其基本上比悬浮在盐水从初级澄清阶段溢出的材料的浓度降低。

7. 发明授权

US5413718A Use of added water to achieve 100% injection weight in geothermal operations 失效
标题翻译：在地热作业中使用加水达到100％注射重量
公开(公告)号：US5413718A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US130114
申请日：1993-09-30
申请人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone
发明人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone
IPC分类号： C02F1/04 , C02F5/14 , C09K8/528 , E21B37/06 , E21B43/40 , F03G7/04 , C02F5/08
CPC分类号： C02F1/042 , C02F5/14 , C09K8/528 , E21B37/06 , E21B43/40 , F03G7/04 , Y02E10/10
摘要： Geothermal brines are extracted from the earth, flashed and the remaining liquids are injected back into the earth. Although it would be advantageous for resource maintenance to inject the same amount of liquid as extracted, addition of liquid causes massive system upsets that prevent such addition. River or other similar surface waters can now be added to the brine stream created when extracting power from a geothermal source, after adding a crystal structure modifier to the brine stream. In operations where the brine stream is returned to the earth, the weight rate of the brine injected into the earth is brought to at least 90% what it was when extracted from the ground.
摘要翻译：地热盐水从地球中抽出，闪烁，剩下的液体被注入地球。虽然资源维护有利于注入与提取的液体相同量的液体，但加入液体会引起大量的系统扰乱，从而阻止这种添加。在向盐水流中加入晶体结构改性剂之后，可以将河流或其他类似的表面水加入到从地热源提取功率时产生的盐水流中。在盐水流返回地球的操作中，注入地球的盐水的重量比率从地面提取时至少达到90％。

8. 发明授权

US5409614A Control of scale deposition in geothermal operations 失效
标题翻译：控制地热作业中的沉积物
公开(公告)号：US5409614A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-25
申请号：US93097
申请日：1993-07-16
申请人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone
发明人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone
IPC分类号： C02F1/04 , C02F5/14 , C09K8/528 , E21B37/06 , F03G7/04
CPC分类号： C02F1/042 , C02F5/14 , C09K8/528 , E21B37/06 , F03G7/04 , Y02E10/10
摘要： NORMs are inhibited or prevented from precipitating with scale produced by a hot aqueous solution by adding multiple portions of a crystal structure modifier to the aqueous solution as it cools before and during removal of silicon containing components by precipitation. Preferred crystal structure modifiers include polyacrylate crystal structure modifiers and phosphonomethylated amines.
摘要翻译：通过在水溶液中加入多份晶体结构改性剂，在通过沉淀除去含硅组分之前和之后冷却时，NORMs被抑制或防止由热水溶液产生的氧化皮沉淀。优选的晶体结构改性剂包括聚丙烯酸酯晶体结构改性剂和膦酰基甲基化胺。

9. 发明授权

US5268108A Control of scale deposition in geothermal operations 失效
标题翻译：控制地热作业中的沉积物
公开(公告)号：US5268108A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-07
申请号：US717527
申请日：1991-06-19
申请人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone
发明人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone
IPC分类号： C02F1/04 , C02F5/14 , C09K8/528 , E21B37/06 , F03G7/04
CPC分类号： C02F1/042 , C02F5/14 , C09K8/528 , E21B37/06 , F03G7/04 , Y02E10/10
摘要： Radioactivity and fluoride ion are inhibited or prevented from precipitating in scale formed from a geothermal brine by adding a dispersant to the cooling brine solution. Preferred dispersants include polyacrylates and polyphosphonic acids.
摘要翻译：通过向冷却盐水溶液中加入分散剂，放射性和氟离子被抑制或防止由地热盐水形成的垢垢沉淀。优选的分散剂包括聚丙烯酸酯和多聚膦酸。

10. 发明授权

US4978457A Method of filtering a brine 失效
标题翻译：过滤盐水的方法
公开(公告)号：US4978457A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-18
申请号：US485123
申请日：1990-02-26
申请人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone
发明人： Darrell L. Gallup , John L. Featherstone
IPC分类号： C02F1/72
CPC分类号： C02F1/72
摘要： Condensate of steam derived from a geothermal brine is treated to enhance its utility as wash water for a brine filter. The condensate is sprayed into a tank in the presence of air to effect substantial oxidation of oxidizable sulfur species contained therein, and the pH of the condensate is adjusted to be within about 1.0 pH units of the pH of the brine. Such treatment substantially extends the life of the filter media used in the brine filter.
摘要翻译：处理来自地热盐水的蒸汽冷凝物，以提高其作为盐水过滤器的洗涤水的效用。在空气存在下将冷凝物喷入罐中，以使其中所含的可氧化硫物质实质上氧化，并将冷凝物的pH调节至盐水pH值的约1.0 pH单位内。这种处理基本上延长了在盐水过滤器中使用的过滤介质的寿命。

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