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1. 发明授权

US07812601B2 Material condition assessment with eddy current sensors 有权
标题翻译：用涡流传感器进行材料状态评估
公开(公告)号：US07812601B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-12
申请号：US12484761
申请日：2009-06-15
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Darrell E. Schlicker , Robert J. Lyons , Mark D. Windoloski , Christopher A. Craven , Vladimir B. Tsukernik , David C. Grundy
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Darrell E. Schlicker , Robert J. Lyons , Mark D. Windoloski , Christopher A. Craven , Vladimir B. Tsukernik , David C. Grundy
IPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01N27/90
CPC分类号： G01N27/9046
摘要： Eddy current sensors and sensor arrays are used for process quality and material condition assessment of conducting materials. In an embodiment, changes in spatially registered high resolution images taken before and after cold work processing reflect the quality of the process, such as intensity and coverage. These images also permit the suppression or removal of local outlier variations. Anisotropy in a material property, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, can be intentionally introduced and used to assess material condition resulting from an operation, such as a cold work or heat treatment. The anisotropy is determined by sensors that provide directional property measurements. The sensor directionality arises from constructs that use a linear conducting drive segment to impose the magnetic field in a test material. Maintaining the orientation of this drive segment, and associated sense elements, relative to a material edge provides enhanced sensitivity for crack detection at edges.
摘要翻译：涡流传感器和传感器阵列用于导电材料的工艺质量和材料状况评估。在一个实施例中，在冷加工处理之前和之后拍摄的空间注册的高分辨率图像的变化反映了过程的质量，例如强度和覆盖。这些图像还允许抑制或去除局部异常值变化。可以有意地引入材料性质的各向异性，例如磁导率或电导率，以用于评估由诸如冷加工或热处理的操作引起的材料状况。各向异性由提供定向性质测量的传感器确定。传感器方向性来自使用线性传导驱动段将磁场施加在测试材料中的结构。维持该驱动段和相关感测元件相对于材料边缘的方向为边缘处的裂纹检测提供了增强的灵敏度。

2. 发明申请

US20100026285A1 Material Condition Assessment with Eddy Current Sensors 有权
标题翻译：涡流传感器材料条件评估
公开(公告)号：US20100026285A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-04
申请号：US12484761
申请日：2009-06-15
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Darrell E. Schlicker , Robert J. Lyons , Mark D. Windoloski , Christopher A. Craven , Vladimir B. Tsukernik , David C. Grundy
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Darrell E. Schlicker , Robert J. Lyons , Mark D. Windoloski , Christopher A. Craven , Vladimir B. Tsukernik , David C. Grundy
IPC分类号： G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/9046
摘要： Eddy current sensors and sensor arrays are used for process quality and material condition assessment of conducting materials. In an embodiment, changes in spatially registered high resolution images taken before and after cold work processing reflect the quality of the process, such as intensity and coverage. These images also permit the suppression or removal of local outlier variations. Anisotropy in a material property, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, can be intentionally introduced and used to assess material condition resulting from an operation, such as a cold work or heat treatment. The anisotropy is determined by sensors that provide directional property measurements. The sensor directionality arises from constructs that use a linear conducting drive segment to impose the magnetic field in a test material. Maintaining the orientation of this drive segment, and associated sense elements, relative to a material edge provides enhanced sensitivity for crack detection at edges.
摘要翻译：涡流传感器和传感器阵列用于导电材料的工艺质量和材料状况评估。在一个实施例中，在冷加工处理之前和之后拍摄的空间注册的高分辨率图像的变化反映了过程的质量，例如强度和覆盖。这些图像还允许抑制或去除局部异常值变化。可以有意地引入材料性质的各向异性，例如磁导率或电导率，以用于评估由诸如冷加工或热处理之类的操作引起的材料状况。各向异性由提供定向性质测量的传感器确定。传感器方向性来自使用线性传导驱动段将磁场施加在测试材料中的结构。维持该驱动段和相关感测元件相对于材料边缘的方向为边缘处的裂纹检测提供了增强的灵敏度。

3. 发明授权

US07289913B2 Local feature characterization using quasistatic electromagnetic sensors 有权
标题翻译：使用准静态电磁传感器的局部特征表征
公开(公告)号：US07289913B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-30
申请号：US11249047
申请日：2005-10-11
申请人： Darrell E. Schlicker , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Mark D. Windoloski
发明人： Darrell E. Schlicker , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Mark D. Windoloski
IPC分类号： G01B7/34 , G06F17/40 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/023
摘要： Local features such as cracks in materials are nondestructively characterized by measuring a response with an electromagnetic sensor and converting this response into a selected property using a database. The database is generated prior to data acquisition by using a model to generate a baseline response or field distribution for the sensor and combining these results with another model, which may be simpler than the first model or provide a local representation of the field perturbations around a feature, which is evaluated multiple times over a range of values of the selected property. In addition, the presence of a feature may be detected by converting the sensor response into a reference parameter, such as a lift-off factor that reflects the sensor position relative to a material edge, and using this parameter to determine a reference response that can be compared to the measured response.
摘要翻译：局部特征如材料中的裂纹是非破坏性的，其特征在于通过用电磁传感器测量响应并使用数据库将该响应转换成选定的属性。在数据采集之前通过使用模型生成数据库以生成传感器的基线响应或场分布，并将这些结果与另一模型相结合，该模型可以比第一模型更简单，或者提供周围的场扰动的局部表示功能，在所选属性的值范围内多次评估。此外，可以通过将传感器响应转换为参考参数来检测特征的存在，所述参考参数例如反映相对于材料边缘的传感器位置的剥离因子，并且使用该参数来确定可以与测量响应进行比较。

4. 发明授权

US07280940B2 Segmented field dielectric sensor array for material characterization 有权
标题翻译：用于材料表征的分段场介质传感器阵列
公开(公告)号：US07280940B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-09
申请号：US11371315
申请日：2006-03-07
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Yanko K Sheiretov , Andrew P. Washabaugh , David C. Grundy , Vladimir A. Zilberstein
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Yanko K Sheiretov , Andrew P. Washabaugh , David C. Grundy , Vladimir A. Zilberstein
IPC分类号： G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G01N22/00
摘要： The condition of insulating and semiconducting dielectric materials is assessed by a sensor array that uses electric fields to interrogate the test material. The sensor has a linear array of parallel drive conductors interconnected to form a single drive electrode and sense conductors placed on each side of and parallel to a drive conductor. Subsets of the sense conductors are interconnected to form at least two sense elements sensitive to different material regions. The sense conductors may be at different distances to the drive conductors, enabling measurement sensitivity to different depths into the test material. The material condition is assessed directly from the sense element responses or after conversion to an effective material property, such as an electrical conductivity or dielectric permittivity.
摘要翻译：绝缘和半导体介电材料的条件通过使用电场询问测试材料的传感器阵列来评估。传感器具有互连以形成单个驱动电极的线性阵列和放置在驱动导体的平行于驱动导体的每一侧上的感测导体。感测导体的子集互连以形成对不同材料区域敏感的至少两个感测元件。感测导体可以距离驱动导体不同的距离，使测量灵敏度不同于测试材料的深度。材料条件直接由感应元件响应或转换为有效材料性质（如导电率或介电常数）进行评估。

5. 发明授权

US08222897B2 Test circuit with sense elements having associated and unassociated primary windings 有权
标题翻译：具有感应元件的测试电路具有相关联和未相关的初级绕组
公开(公告)号：US08222897B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-17
申请号：US12157719
申请日：2008-06-12
申请人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
发明人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
IPC分类号： G01R33/12 , G01N27/72 , G01N27/90 , G01B7/24
CPC分类号： G01L3/105 , G01L1/125 , G01L1/127 , G01L3/102 , G01L5/164
摘要： An apparatus for the nondestructive measurement of materials that includes at least two layers of electrical conductors. Within each layer, a meandering primary winding is used to create a magnetic field for interrogating a test material while sense elements or conducting loops within each meander provide a directional measurement of the test material condition in different orientations without requiring movement of the test circuit or apparatus. In a bidirectional implementation the meanders are oriented 90° apart while in a quadridirectional implementation the meanders are orientated at −45, 0, 45, and 90°. Multidirectional permeability measurements are used to assess the stress or torque on a component. These measurements are combined in a manner that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the property measurements. This can be accomplished through a correction factor that accounts for the temperature dependence. After the correction, the permeability measurement is then used to assess the local stresses and strains in the material of interest.
摘要翻译：一种用于对包括至少两层电导体的材料的非破坏性测量的装置。在每个层内，使用曲折的初级绕组来产生用于询问测试材料的磁场，同时每个曲折中的感测元件或导电环路以不同方向提供测试材料状况的方向测量，而不需要测试电路或设备的移动。在双向实施中，蜿蜒相隔90°，而在四向实施中，蜿蜒方向定位在-45°，0°，45°和90°。多向磁导率测量用于评估组件上的应力或扭矩。这些测量结合在一起，可以消除属性测量的温度影响和滞后。这可以通过考虑温度依赖性的校正因子来实现。在校正之后，然后使用渗透性测量来评估感兴趣的材料中的局部应力和应变。

6. 发明授权

US08415947B2 Method for stress assessment that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the material property measurements 有权
标题翻译：应力评估方法可以消除材料性能测量中的温度影响和滞后
公开(公告)号：US08415947B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-09
申请号：US13549875
申请日：2012-07-16
申请人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
发明人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
IPC分类号： G01R33/12 , G01N27/72 , G01N27/90 , G01B7/24
CPC分类号： G01L3/105 , G01L1/125 , G01L1/127 , G01L3/102 , G01L5/164
摘要： An apparatus for the nondestructive measurement of materials that includes at least two layers of electrical conductors. Within each layer, a meandering primary winding is used to create a magnetic field for interrogating a test material while sense elements or conducting loops within each meander provide a directional measurement of the test material condition. In successive layers extended portions of the meanders are rotated so that the sense elements provide material condition in different orientations without requiring movement of the test circuit or apparatus. Multidirectional permeability measurements are used to assess the stress or torque on a component. These measurements are combined in a manner that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the property measurements. This can be accomplished through a correction factor that accounts for the temperature dependence.
摘要翻译：一种用于对包括至少两层电导体的材料的非破坏性测量的装置。在每个层内，使用曲折的初级绕组来产生用于询问测试材料的磁场，同时每个曲折内的感测元件或导电回路提供测试材料状况的定向测量。在连续的层中，蜿蜒的延伸部分被旋转，使得感测元件以不同的取向提供材料状态，而不需要测试电路或设备的移动。多向磁导率测量用于评估组件上的应力或扭矩。这些测量结合在一起，可以消除属性测量的温度影响和滞后。这可以通过考虑温度依赖性的校正因子来实现。

7. 发明授权

US07528598B2 Fastener and fitting based sensing methods 有权
标题翻译：基于紧固件和拟合的感应方法
公开(公告)号：US07528598B2
公开(公告)日：2009-05-05
申请号：US11473297
申请日：2006-06-22
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , David C. Grundy , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Darrell E. Schlicker
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , David C. Grundy , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Darrell E. Schlicker
IPC分类号： G01R33/12 , G01R27/26
CPC分类号： G01N27/82
摘要： Damage and usage conditions in the vicinity of fasteners in joined structures are nondestructively evaluated using the fasteners themselves. Sensors or sensor conductors are embedded in the fasteners or integrated within the fastener construct, either in the clearance gap between the fastener and the structure material or as an insert inside the shaft or pin of the fastener. The response of the material to an interrogating magnetic or electric field is then measured with drive and sense electrodes both incorporated into the fastener or with either drive or sense electrodes external to the fastener on the material surface. In another configuration, an electric current is applied to one or more fasteners and the electric potential is measured at locations typically between the driven electrodes applying the current. The potential is measured circumferentially around the fastener at locations on the material surface or across pairs of fasteners throughout or along the joint. The voltage or potential measurement electrodes may be collinear with the drive electrodes. State sensitive material layers can be added either to the fastener or the test material layers in order to enhance observability of the test material condition, such as the presence of a crack, mechanical stress, delamination, or disbond.
摘要翻译：使用紧固件本身对接合结构中紧固件附近的损坏和使用条件进行非破坏性评估。传感器或传感器导体嵌入到紧固件中或整合在紧固件结构内，无论是在紧固件和结构材料之间的间隙中，或者作为紧固件的轴或销内的插入件。然后测量材料对询问磁场或电场的响应，其中驱动和感测电极两者并入到紧固件中，或者与材料表面上的紧固件外部的驱动或感测电极结合。在另一种配置中，电流被施加到一个或多个紧固件，并且在通常在施加电流的驱动电极之间的位置处测量电位。在整个或沿着接头的材料表面上或穿过成对的紧固件的位置周围围绕紧固件测量电位。电压或电位测量电极可与驱动电极共线。可以将状态敏感材料层添加到紧固件或测试材料层中，以便增强测试材料状况的可观察性，例如存在裂纹，机械应力，分层或脱粘。

8. 发明授权

US07533575B2 Quasistatic magnetic and electric field stress/strain gages 失效
标题翻译：准静态磁场和电场应力/应变计
公开(公告)号：US07533575B2
公开(公告)日：2009-05-19
申请号：US11702422
申请日：2007-02-05
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , David C. Grundy , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Leandro M. Lorilla , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Volker Weiss , J. Timothy Lovett , Andrew P. Washabaugh
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , David C. Grundy , Yanko K. Sheiretov , Leandro M. Lorilla , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Volker Weiss , J. Timothy Lovett , Andrew P. Washabaugh
IPC分类号： G01L1/00 , G01L1/12 , G01B7/24 , G01N27/82
CPC分类号： G01L1/125
摘要： Magnetic or electric field sensors are mounted against a material surface and used for stress, strain, and load monitoring of rotating components such as vehicle drive trains. The stationary sensors are mounted at multiple locations around the component and used assess the stress on the component at multiple rotational positions. The sensor response is typically converted into a material property, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, which accounts for any coating thickness that may be present between the sensor and mounting surface. The sensors are not in direct contact with the rotating component and are typically mounted on an annular material or ring that encircles the rotating component. Measurements of the annular material properties, such as the stress, are related to the stress on the rotating component and discrete features on the component. As a particular example, the rotating component is a planetary gear system, with sensors mounted on the ring gear and the discrete features are carrier plate posts. The sensors are preferably mounted at equal distances around the circumference of the component. The sensors and instrumentation may be removable and reusable for monitoring of additional components.
摘要翻译：磁场或电场传感器安装在材料表面上，用于对诸如车辆传动系的旋转部件进行应力，应变和负载监测。固定式传感器安装在组件周围的多个位置，用于评估组件在多个旋转位置的应力。传感器响应通常被转换成诸如磁导率或导电性的材料性质，其考虑了传感器和安装表面之间可能存在的任何涂层厚度。传感器不与旋转部件直接接触，并且通常安装在环绕旋转部件的环形材料或环上。环形材料特性（如应力）的测量与旋转部件上的应力和部件上的离散特征有关。作为具体示例，旋转部件是行星齿轮系统，其中传感器安装在齿圈上，并且分立的特征是承载板柱。传感器优选地围绕部件的圆周以相等的距离安装。传感器和仪器可能是可拆卸的，可重复使用，用于监控附加部件。

9. 发明申请

US20090001974A1 Torque and load monitoring using magnetic sensor arrays 有权
标题翻译：使用磁传感器阵列的扭矩和负载监测
公开(公告)号：US20090001974A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-01
申请号：US12157719
申请日：2008-06-12
申请人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
发明人： Yanko K. Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Todd M. Dunford , Scott A. Denenberg , David C. Grundy , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath
IPC分类号： G01N27/72
CPC分类号： G01L3/105 , G01L1/125 , G01L1/127 , G01L3/102 , G01L5/164
摘要： An apparatus for the nondestructive measurement of materials that includes at least two layers of electrical conductors. Within each layer, a meandering primary winding is used to create a magnetic field for interrogating a test material while sense elements or conducting loops within each meander provide a directional measurement of the test material condition. In successive layers extended portions of the meanders are rotated so that the sense elements provide material condition in different orientations without requiring movement of the test circuit or apparatus. In a bidirectional implementation the angle is 90° while in a quadridirectional implementation the relative angles are −45, 0, 45, and 90°. Multidirectional permeability measurements are used to assess the stress or torque on a component. These measurements are combined in a manner that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the property measurements. This can be accomplished through a correction factor that accounts for the temperature dependence. After the corrections, the permeability measurement is then used to assess the local stresses and strains in the material of interest.
摘要翻译：一种用于对包括至少两层电导体的材料的非破坏性测量的装置。在每个层内，使用曲折的初级绕组来产生用于询问测试材料的磁场，同时每个曲折中的感测元件或导电回路提供测试材料状态的方向测量。在连续的层中，蜿蜒的延伸部分被旋转，使得感测元件以不同的取向提供材料状态，而不需要测试电路或设备的移动。在双向实施中，角度为90°，而在四向实现中，相对角度为-45°，0°，45°和90°。多向磁导率测量用于评估组件上的应力或扭矩。这些测量结合在一起，可以消除属性测量的温度影响和滞后。这可以通过考虑温度依赖性的校正因子来实现。在校正之后，然后使用渗透性测量来评估感兴趣的材料中的局部应力和应变。

10. 发明授权

US07188532B2 Self-monitoring metals, alloys and materials 有权
标题翻译：自我监测金属，合金和材料
公开(公告)号：US07188532B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-13
申请号：US10937105
申请日：2004-09-08
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , David C. Grundy , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Darrell E. Schlicker , Ian C. Shay , Robert J. Lyons , Christopher A. Craven , Christopher Root , Mark D. Windoloski , Volker Weiss
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , David C. Grundy , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Darrell E. Schlicker , Ian C. Shay , Robert J. Lyons , Christopher A. Craven , Christopher Root , Mark D. Windoloski , Volker Weiss
IPC分类号： G01B7/16
CPC分类号： G01N27/902 , G01N27/023 , G01N27/24 , G01N27/904 , G01N27/9046 , G01N27/9053
摘要： Observability of damage precursor, damage and usage states, or event occurrence may be enhanced by modifying component materials to include self-monitoring materials or by processing test material to alter the surface properties. The properties of the self monitoring materials, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, are monitored with electromagnetic sensors and provide greater property variations with component condition than the original component material. Processing includes shot peening or laser welding.
摘要翻译：通过修改组分材料以包括自我监测材料或通过加工测试材料以改变表面性质，可以增强损伤前体，损坏和使用状态或事件发生的可观察性。使用电磁传感器监测自我监测材料的特性，例如磁导率或电导率，并且与原始组件材料相比，可提供比组件条件更大的性能变化。处理包括喷丸硬化或激光焊接。

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