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1. 发明授权

US08352607B2 Co-location and offloading of web site traffic based on traffic pattern recognition 失效
标题翻译：基于流量模式识别的网站流量并存和卸载
公开(公告)号：US08352607B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US11952641
申请日：2007-12-07
申请人： Daniel Manuel Dias , Richard Pervin King , Zhen Liu , Mark Steven Squillante , Honghui Xia , Shun-Zheng Yu , Li Zhang
发明人： Daniel Manuel Dias , Richard Pervin King , Zhen Liu , Mark Steven Squillante , Honghui Xia , Shun-Zheng Yu , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G01R31/08 , G06F7/00
CPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04L41/142 , H04L43/16 , H04L47/122 , H04L67/1002 , H04L67/1008 , H04L67/101 , H04L67/1012 , H04L67/1021 , H04L67/1023 , H04L67/1029 , H04L67/22 , H04L69/329 , H04L2029/06054
摘要： Identifying traffic patterns to web sites based on templates that characterize the arrival of traffic to the web sites is provided. Based on these templates, determinations are made as to which web sites should be co-located so as to optimize resource allocation. Web sites whose templates are complimentary, i.e. a first web site having a peak in arrival traffic at time t1 and a second web site that has a trough in arrival traffic at time t1, are designated as being candidates for co-location. In addition, the templates identified for the traffic patterns of web sites are used to determine thresholds for offloading traffic to other servers. These thresholds include a first threshold at which offloading should be performed, a second threshold that takes into consideration the lead time needed to begin offloading, and a third threshold that takes into consideration a lag time needed to stop offloading of traffic.
摘要翻译：提供了基于将流量到达网站到达的模板来识别网站的流量模式。基于这些模板，确定哪些网站应该位于同一位置，以优化资源分配。其模板是免费的网站，即在时间t1具有到达业务峰值的第一网站和在时间t1具有到达业务中的波谷的第二网站被指定为用于共同定位的候选。此外，为网站的流量模式标识的模板用于确定将流量卸载到其他服务器的阈值。这些阈值包括应当执行卸载的第一阈值，考虑开始卸载所需的前置时间的第二阈值以及考虑到停止流量卸载所需的滞后时间的第三阈值。

2. 发明授权

US07386611B2 Apparatus and methods for co-location and offloading of web site traffic based on traffic pattern recognition 有权
标题翻译：基于流量模式识别的网站流量共同定位和卸载的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07386611B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-10
申请号：US10315335
申请日：2002-12-10
申请人： Daniel Manuel Dias , Richard Pervin King , Zhen Liu , Mark Steven Squillante , Honghui Xia , Shun-Zheng Yu , Li Zhang
发明人： Daniel Manuel Dias , Richard Pervin King , Zhen Liu , Mark Steven Squillante , Honghui Xia , Shun-Zheng Yu , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04L41/142 , H04L43/16 , H04L47/122 , H04L67/1002 , H04L67/1008 , H04L67/101 , H04L67/1012 , H04L67/1021 , H04L67/1023 , H04L67/1029 , H04L67/22 , H04L69/329 , H04L2029/06054
摘要： Apparatus and methods for identifying traffic patterns to web sites based on templates that characterize the arrival of traffic to the web sites are provided. Based on these templates, determinations are made as to which web sites should be co-located so as to optimize resource allocation. Specifically, web sites whose templates are complimentary, i.e. a first web site having a peak in arrival traffic at time t1 and a second web site that has a trough in arrival traffic at time t1, are designated as being candidates for co-location. In addition, the present invention uses the templates identified for the traffic patterns of web sites to determine thresholds for offloading traffic to other servers. These thresholds include a first threshold at which offloading should be performed, a second threshold that takes into consideration the lead time needed to begin offloading, and a third threshold that takes into consideration a lag time needed to stop all offloading of traffic to the other servers.
摘要翻译：提供了基于表征网站到达流量的模板来识别网站的流量模式的装置和方法。基于这些模板，确定哪些网站应该位于同一位置，以优化资源分配。具体来说，其模板是免费的网站，即在时间t 1处具有到达业务峰值的第一网站和在时间t 1处具有到达业务波谷的第二网站被指定为用于共同定位的候选。此外，本发明使用为网站的流量模式识别的模板来确定将流量卸载到其他服务器的阈值。这些阈值包括应该执行卸载的第一阈值，考虑到开始卸载所需的前置时间的第二阈值，以及考虑到停止对其他服务器的所有卸载流量所需的滞后时间的第三阈值。

3. 发明授权

US07792951B2 Apparatus and methods for classification of web sites 有权
标题翻译：网站分类的设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US07792951B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-07
申请号：US10315705
申请日：2002-12-10
申请人： Nagui Halim , Zhen Liu , Mark Steven Squillante , Honghui Xia , Shun-Zheng Yu , Li Zhang
发明人： Nagui Halim , Zhen Liu , Mark Steven Squillante , Honghui Xia , Shun-Zheng Yu , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： G06F17/3071
摘要： Apparatus and methods for classifying web sites are provided. With the apparatus and methods, traffic data is obtained for a plurality of web sites. This patterns, or templates, for each web site are generated based on this traffic data and the patterns are clustered into classes of web sites using a clustering algorithm. The clusters, or classes, are then profiled to generate a template for each class. The template for each class is generated by first shifting the patterns for each web site that is part of the class to compensate for effects like time zone differences, if any, and then identifying a pattern that is most similar to all of the patterns in the class. Once the template for each class is generated, this template is then used with traffic data from a new web site to classify the new web site into one of the existing classes. In other words, when traffic data for a new web site is received, a pattern for the traffic data of the new web site is generated and compared to the templates for the various classes. If a matching class template is identified, the new web site is classified into the corresponding class. If the pattern for the new web site does not match any of the existing templates, a new template and class may be generated based on the pattern for the new web site.
摘要翻译：提供了分类网站的装置和方法。利用该装置和方法，获得多个网站的交通数据。基于该流量数据生成每个网站的这种模式或模板，并且使用聚类算法将模式聚类成网站类。然后，对集群或类进行概要分析以为每个类生成一个模板。每个类的模板是通过首先移动作为类的一部分的每个网站的模式来生成的，以补偿诸如时区差异的效果（如果有的话），然后识别最相似于所有模式中的模式类。一旦生成了每个类的模板，该模板随后与来自新网站的流量数据一起使用，将新网站分类到现有的一个类中。换句话说，当接收到新的网站的交通数据时，生成用于新网站的交通数据的模式，并与各种类别的模板进行比较。如果识别出匹配的类模板，则将新的网站分类到相应的类中。如果新网站的模式与任何现有模板不匹配，则可能会根据新网站的模式生成新的模板和类。

4. 发明申请

US20080091826A1 APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR CO-LOCATION AND OFFLOADING OF WEB SITE TRAFFIC BASED ON TRAFFIC PATTERN RECOGNITION 失效
标题翻译：基于交通图案识别的网站交通协同放置的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20080091826A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-17
申请号：US11952641
申请日：2007-12-07
申请人： Daniel Dias , Richard King , Zhen Liu , Mark Squillante , Honghui Xia , Shun-Zheng Yu , Li Zhang
发明人： Daniel Dias , Richard King , Zhen Liu , Mark Squillante , Honghui Xia , Shun-Zheng Yu , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04L41/142 , H04L43/16 , H04L47/122 , H04L67/1002 , H04L67/1008 , H04L67/101 , H04L67/1012 , H04L67/1021 , H04L67/1023 , H04L67/1029 , H04L67/22 , H04L69/329 , H04L2029/06054
摘要： Apparatus and methods for identifying traffic patterns to web sites based on templates that characterize the arrival of traffic to the web sites are provided. Based on these templates, determinations are made as to which web sites should be co-located so as to optimize resource allocation. Specifically, web sites whose templates are complimentary, i.e. a first web site having a peak in arrival traffic at time t1 and a second web site that has a trough in arrival traffic at time t1, are designated as being candidates for co-location. In addition, the present invention uses the templates identified for the traffic patterns of web sites to determine thresholds for offloading traffic to other servers. These thresholds include a first threshold at which offloading should be performed, a second threshold that takes into consideration the lead time needed to begin offloading, and a third threshold that takes into consideration a lag time needed to stop all offloading of traffic to the other servers.
摘要翻译：提供了基于表征网站到达流量的模板来识别网站的流量模式的装置和方法。基于这些模板，确定哪些网站应该位于同一位置，以优化资源分配。具体来说，其模板是免费的，即在时间t 1处具有到达业务峰值的第一网站和在时间t 1处具有到达业务的波谷的第二网站被指定为用于共同定位的候选。此外，本发明使用为网站的流量模式识别的模板来确定将流量卸载到其他服务器的阈值。这些阈值包括应当执行卸载的第一阈值，考虑到开始卸载所需的前置时间的第二阈值，以及考虑到停止对其他服务器的所有卸载流量所需的滞后时间的第三阈值。

5. 发明授权

US07889651B2 Distributed joint admission control and dynamic resource allocation in stream processing networks 失效
公开(公告)号：US07889651B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-15
申请号：US11758706
申请日：2007-06-06
申请人： Hanhua Feng , Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： Hanhua Feng , Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
CPC分类号： G06F9/5066 , G06F9/5038
摘要： Methods and apparatus operating in a stream processing network perform load shedding and dynamic resource allocation so as to meet a pre-determined utility criterion. Load shedding is envisioned as an admission control problem encompassing source nodes admitting workflows into the stream processing network. A primal-dual approach is used to decompose the admission control and resource allocation problems. The admission control operates as a push-and-pull process with sources pushing workflows into the stream processing network and sinks pulling processed workflows from the network. A virtual queue is maintained at each node to account for both queue backlogs and credits from sinks. Nodes of the stream processing network maintain shadow prices for each of the workflows and share congestion information with neighbor nodes. At each node, resources are devoted to the workflow with the maximum product of downstream pressure and processing rate, where the downstream pressure is defined as the backlog difference between neighbor nodes. The primal-dual controller iteratively adjusts the admission rates and resource allocation using local congestion feedback. The iterative controlling procedure further uses an interior-point method to improve the speed of convergence towards optimal admission and allocation decisions.

6. 发明授权

US07626917B2 Methods and apparatus for cost minimization of multi-tiered infrastructure with end-to-end delay guarantees 失效
标题翻译：使用端到端延迟保证的多层基础设施成本最小化的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US07626917B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-01
申请号：US10865064
申请日：2004-06-10
申请人： Wuqin Lin , Zhen Liu , Cathy Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： Wuqin Lin , Zhen Liu , Cathy Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： H04J11/00 , G06F9/44 , G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F9/50 , G06F9/5061
摘要： Techniques are provided for determining a capacity allocation in a multi-tiered computing system. In one aspect of the invention, a technique for designing capacity allocation for a multi-tiered computing system, each tier of the computing system having one or more computing devices (e.g., servers), comprises the following steps/operations. Input parameters relating to capacity allocation are obtained. A capacity allocation is computed based on at least a portion of the input parameters, the capacity allocation being computable such that one or more end-to-end performance measures are substantially satisfied for multiple service classes. The capacity allocation computation may minimize a cost function. The capacity allocation computation may also satisfy one or more mean delay guarantees for the multiple service classes, one or more tail distribution guarantees for the multiple service classes, or both one or more mean delay guarantees and one or more tail distribution guarantees for the multiple service classes.
摘要翻译：提供了用于确定多层计算系统中的容量分配的技术。在本发明的一个方面，一种用于设计多层计算系统的容量分配的技术，具有一个或多个计算设备（例如，服务器）的计算系统的每个层包括以下步骤/操作。获得与容量分配有关的输入参数。基于输入参数的至少一部分来计算容量分配，所述容量分配是可计算的，使得对于多个服务类基本上满足一个或多个端到端性能测量。容量分配计算可以最小化成本函数。容量分配计算还可以满足多个服务类别的一个或多个平均延迟保证，多个服务类别的一个或多个尾部分配保证，或一个或多个平均延迟保证以及用于多个服务的一个或多个尾部分配保证课程

7. 发明申请

US20070297332A1 Distributed resource allocation in stream processing systems 审中-公开
标题翻译：流处理系统中的分布式资源分配
公开(公告)号：US20070297332A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-27
申请号：US11472843
申请日：2006-06-22
申请人： James Andrew Broberg , Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： James Andrew Broberg , Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： H04J1/16 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L47/10 , H04L47/25 , H04L47/30
摘要： A system and method for resource allocation includes, in a network having nodes and links, injecting units of flow for at least one commodity at a source corresponding to the at least one commodity. At each node, queue heights, associated with the at least one commodity, are balanced for queues associated with each of one or more outgoing paths associated with that node. An amount of commodity flow is pushed across a link toward a sink, where the amount of commodity flow is constrained by a capacity constraint. Flow that reached the sink is absorbed by draining the queues.
摘要翻译：用于资源分配的系统和方法包括在具有节点和链路的网络中，在与所述至少一种商品相对应的源处的至少一种商品的注入单元流中。在每个节点处，与至少一个商品相关联的队列高度对于与与该节点相关联的一个或多个输出路径中的每一个相关联的队列进行平衡。商品流的量被推向一个靠近水槽的连接处，其中商品流的量被容量限制所约束。到达水槽的流量通过排空排队而被吸收。

8. 发明申请

US20050086335A1 Method and apparatus for automatic modeling building using inference for IT systems 有权
标题翻译：使用IT系统推理自动建模建筑的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20050086335A1
公开(公告)日：2005-04-21
申请号：US10689807
申请日：2003-10-20
申请人： Zhen Liu , Petar Momcilovic , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： Zhen Liu , Petar Momcilovic , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06Q10/00 , H04L12/24 , H04L12/26
CPC分类号： G06Q10/04
摘要： Method for modeling the performance of an Information Technology system are disclosed. The method includes the steps of receiving performance data of the system; receiving data of transaction flows and system topology; and inferring service demand parameters based on the received data. If closed form expressions are available to characterize the system, an optimization algorithm based on minimum distance between predicted and measured response times and may be used to obtain the performance parameters. Alternatively, a discrete event simulator together with a set of meta-heuristic search methods may be applied to obtain the optimized performance parameters.
摘要翻译：公开了对信息技术系统性能进行建模的方法。该方法包括接收系统的性能数据的步骤; 接收事务流和系统拓扑的数据; 并根据接收的数据推断服务需求参数。如果封闭式表达式可用于表征系统，则基于预测和测量响应时间之间的最小距离的优化算法可用于获得性能参数。或者，可以应用离散事件模拟器以及一组元启发式搜索方法来获得优化的性能参数。

9. 发明授权

US07490234B2 Methods and apparatus for automatic system parameter configuration for performance improvement 失效
标题翻译：自动系统参数配置的方法和设备，用于性能改进
公开(公告)号：US07490234B2
公开(公告)日：2009-02-10
申请号：US11833345
申请日：2007-08-03
申请人： Zhen Liu , Mukund Raghavachari , Bowei Xi , Cathy Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： Zhen Liu , Mukund Raghavachari , Bowei Xi , Cathy Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/177 , G06F7/08
CPC分类号： G06F11/3452 , Y10S707/99933
摘要： In one embodiment, the present invention is a method and apparatus for automatic system parameter configuration for performance improvement. One embodiment of the inventive method involves formulating a black box optimization problem, and solving the optimization problem using an enhanced smart hill climbing method. The smart hill climbing method includes both a global and a more precise local search to identify an optimal solution. In one embodiment, one or both of the global and local searches employs a weighted Latin Hypercube Sampling method in combination with importance sampling techniques to yield improved search results.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，本发明是一种用于性能改进的自动系统参数配置的方法和装置。本发明方法的一个实施例涉及制定黑箱优化问题，并且使用增强的智能爬山方法来解决优化问题。智能爬坡方法包括全局和更精确的本地搜索，以确定最佳解决方案。在一个实施例中，全局和局部搜索中的一个或两个采用加权的拉丁超立方体采样方法与重要性抽样技术相结合，以产生改进的搜索结果。

10. 发明申请

US20070271368A1 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATIC SYSTEM PARAMETER CONFIGURATION FOR PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT 失效
标题翻译：自动系统参数配置方法和设备性能改进
公开(公告)号：US20070271368A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-22
申请号：US11833345
申请日：2007-08-03
申请人： Zhen Liu , Mukund Raghavachari , Bowei Xi , Cathy Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： Zhen Liu , Mukund Raghavachari , Bowei Xi , Cathy Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： G06F11/3452 , Y10S707/99933
摘要： In one embodiment, the present invention is a method and apparatus for automatic system parameter configuration for performance improvement. One embodiment of the inventive method involves formulating a black box optimization problem, and solving the optimization problem using an enhanced smart hill climbing method. The smart hill climbing method includes both a global and a more precise local search to identify an optimal solution. In one embodiment, one or both of the global and local searches employs a weighted Latin Hypercube Sampling method in combination with importance sampling techniques to yield improved search results
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，本发明是一种用于性能改进的自动系统参数配置的方法和装置。本发明方法的一个实施例涉及制定黑箱优化问题，并且使用增强的智能爬山方法来解决优化问题。智能爬坡方法包括全局和更精确的本地搜索，以确定最佳解决方案。在一个实施例中，全局和局部搜索中的一个或两个采用加权的拉丁超立方体采样方法结合重要性采样技术来产生改进的搜索结果

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