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1. 发明授权

US5663694A Triggered-plasma microwave switch and method 失效
标题翻译：触发等离子微波开关及方法
公开(公告)号：US5663694A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-02
申请号：US612988
申请日：1996-03-08
申请人： Dan M. Goebel , Joseph Santoru , Robert L. Poeschel , John W. Gerstenberg
发明人： Dan M. Goebel , Joseph Santoru , Robert L. Poeschel , John W. Gerstenberg
IPC分类号： H01J17/64 , H01P1/14 , H01P1/185 , H01P1/28
CPC分类号： H01P1/14
摘要： A microwave switch selectively directs a microwave signal along first and second signal paths. The switch includes a microwave transmission member, a microwave chamber formed by the transmission member for containing an ionizable gas, input and output ports formed by the transmission member to communicate with the microwave chamber and a triggered plasma generator which is configured to generate, in response to a voltage trigger signal, a trigger electron density N.sub.t in the gas. The microwave signal increases the trigger electron density N.sub.t to a reflective electron density N.sub.r. Consequently, the microwave signal is reflected along a first path from the input port when the trigger electron density N.sub.t is present and is directed along a second path to the output port when the trigger electron density N.sub.t is absent. A plurality of these microwave switches is arranged to form a tunable microwave short.
摘要翻译：微波开关选择性地引导微波信号沿着第一和第二信号路径。开关包括微波传输部件，由传输部件形成的用于容纳可电离气体的微波室，由传输部件形成的与微波室连通的输入和输出端口以及触发式等离子体发生器，其被配置为响应于响应到电压触发信号，触发电子密度Nt在气体中。微波信号将触发电子密度Nt增加到反射电子密度Nr。因此，当触发电子密度Nt存在时，微波信号沿着从输入端口的第一路径反射，并且当触发电子密度Nt不存在时，微波信号沿着第二路径被引导到输出端口。多个这些微波开关被布置成形成可调微波短路。

2. 发明授权

US5329205A High voltage crossed-field plasma switch 失效
标题翻译：高压交叉场等离子开关
公开(公告)号：US5329205A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-12
申请号：US901353
申请日：1992-06-19
申请人： Dan M. Goebel , Robert L. Poeschel , Ronnie M. Watkins
发明人： Dan M. Goebel , Robert L. Poeschel , Ronnie M. Watkins
IPC分类号： H01J17/06 , H01J17/44 , H01J7/24
CPC分类号： H01J17/44 , H01J17/066
摘要： A CROSSATRON switch is capable of operating with voltages in excess of 100 kV by the use of a deuterium gas fill to increase the Paschen breakdown voltage, axial molybdenum cathode corrugations to provide a higher current capability, and a Paschen shield that is formed from molybdenum. The terminal curvature of the Paschen shield and of the adjacent portion of the anode are selected to establish a voltage stress at the curved Paschen shield surface within the approximate range of 90-150 kV/cm in response to a 100 kV differential.
摘要翻译： CROSSATRON开关能够通过使用氘气填充来操作超过100kV的电压，以增加Paschen击穿电压，轴向钼阴极波纹以提供更高的电流能力，以及由钼形成的Paschen屏蔽。选择Paschen屏蔽件和阳极相邻部分的端子曲率，以响应于100kV差分在90-150kV / cm的近似范围内在弯曲的Paschen屏蔽表面处建立电压应力。

3. 发明授权

US5336975A Crossed-field plasma switch with high current density axially corrogated cathode 失效
标题翻译：具有高电流密度的横向等离子体开关轴向瓦楞阴极
公开(公告)号：US5336975A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-09
申请号：US963792
申请日：1992-10-20
申请人： Dan M. Goebel , Robert L. Poeschel , Ronnie M. Watkins
发明人： Dan M. Goebel , Robert L. Poeschel , Ronnie M. Watkins
IPC分类号： H01J17/06 , H01J17/44 , H01J17/54 , H01J7/24
CPC分类号： H01J17/44 , H01J17/066
摘要： A CROSSATRON plasma switch has a peak current capability in excess of 10kA and a switching speed of at least 1.times.10.sup.11 A/sec, making it compatible with the requirements of excimer and CO.sub.2 gas laser switches, and yet is small enough to be mechanically integrated with such lasers. It employs an axially corrugated cathode with a body diameter on the order of 10 cm and shallow corrugations whose depths are about 1.0-1.5 times the distance between corrugations, together with a reduced diameter anode (of about 2.5 cm diameter for an excimer laser and about 1.25 cm diameter for a CO.sub.2 laser), to obtain a plasma volume of about 50-100 cm.sup.3 for rapid switching. A magnet assembly around the cathode uses only two stacked magnets, but has an overall greater axial length and surface magnetic strength than in prior switches. The magnet design produces a high field strength near the cathode, but without a significant extension of the field into the anode region.
摘要翻译： CROSSATRON等离子开关的峰值电流能力超过10kA，开关速度至少为1x1011A / sec，使其与准分子和CO2气体激光开关的要求相符，而且尺寸足够小以便与这种激光器机械一体化。它采用轴向瓦楞的阴极，体积直径约为10厘米，浅波纹深度为波纹之间距离的大约1.0-1.5倍，以及直径小的阳极（对于准分子激光器约为2.5厘米直径，约为对于CO2激光器，直径为1.25cm），以获得约50-100cm 3的等离子体体积用于快速切换。阴极周围的磁体组件仅使用两个堆叠的磁体，但具有比现有的开关更大的轴向长度和表面磁场强度。磁体设计在阴极附近产生高场强，但不会将场的显着延伸到阳极区域。

4. 发明授权

US5132597A Hollow cathode plasma switch with magnetic field 失效
标题翻译：带有磁场的中空阴极等离子开关
公开(公告)号：US5132597A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-21
申请号：US675584
申请日：1991-03-26
申请人： Dan M. Goebel , Robert L. Poeschel , Robert W. Schumacher , Julius Hyman, Jr.
发明人： Dan M. Goebel , Robert L. Poeschel , Robert W. Schumacher , Julius Hyman, Jr.
IPC分类号： H01J17/44 , H01J17/06 , H01J17/14 , H01J17/54
CPC分类号： H01J17/54 , H01J17/063 , H01J17/14
摘要： A diverging magnetic field is established between the cathode and control electrode of a hollow cathode plasma switch to expand the plasma at a passageway through the control electrode, thus significantly increasing the switch's current handling capability. Preferred ranges of magnetic field strength, gas pressure, spacing between the hollow cathode and control electrode, and the mesh aperture size for the control grid are described.

5. 发明授权

US5075594A Plasma switch with hollow, thermionic cathode 失效
标题翻译：等离子开关，带有空调，THERMIONIC CATHODE
公开(公告)号：US5075594A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-24
申请号：US406673
申请日：1989-09-13
申请人： Robert W. Schumacher , Robert L. Poeschel
发明人： Robert W. Schumacher , Robert L. Poeschel
IPC分类号： H01J17/46 , H01J17/06 , H01J17/50 , H01J17/54 , H01T2/02
CPC分类号： H01J17/063 , H01J17/54 , H01T2/02
摘要： A hollow cathode capable of self-heating by back ion bombardment to a thermionic emission temperature axially discharges therefrom an ionized plasma of an ambient gas such as xenon. Electrons are axially or radially extractable from the plasma by an anode. A voltage is applied to a keeper electrode disposed between the cathode and anode to sustain plasma discharge of the gas between the cathode and keeper electrode. A control electrode is disposed between the keeper electrode and the anode. Application of a positive voltage (relative to the cathode) to the control electrode causes the plasma discharge to extend from the cathode to the anode, thus closing the switch. Application of a negative control electrode voltage, or simply returning the control electrode to cathode potential, causes the plasma discharge to retract back to the area of the keeper electrode, thereby opening the switch.

6. 发明授权

US4825646A Spacecraft with modulated thrust electrostatic ion thruster and associated method 失效
标题翻译：具有调制推力静电离子推进器的航天器及相关方法
公开(公告)号：US4825646A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-02
申请号：US41564
申请日：1987-04-23
申请人： A. Dorian Challoner , Robert L. Poeschel
发明人： A. Dorian Challoner , Robert L. Poeschel
IPC分类号： B64G1/24 , B64G1/26 , B64G1/28 , B64G1/40 , F03H1/00 , H05H1/16
CPC分类号： F03H1/0037 , B64G1/281 , B64G1/405 , B64G1/242 , B64G1/26
摘要： An axial electrostatic ion thruster for use on a dual-spin stabilized spacecraft is disclosed. The thruster is mounted on the spun portion of the spacecraft and continuously fired for an integral number of spin periods to provide north-south velocity and attitude control. To achieve zero attitude precession with a statically imbalanced despun platform, or an intentional attitude precession generally, the ion thrust is spin-synchronously varied between two non-zero levels to achieve a prescribed Fourier component amplitude and phase at the spin frequency. Modulation of the thrust is achieved with constant ion beam current by complementary modulation of the beam voltage, V.sub.B, and accel voltage, V.sub.A by varying the ion extraction system grid voltages. This varies the thrust while maintaining a constant total accelerating voltage V.sub.TOT =V.sub.B +.vertline.V.sub.A .vertline..
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于双自旋稳定的航天器的轴向静电离子推进器。推进器安装在航天器的旋转部分，并连续射击一整个旋转周期，以提供南北速度和姿态控制。为了通过静态不平衡的解码平台实现零姿态进动，或通常有意的姿态进动，离子推力在两个非零水平之间自旋同步地变化，以实现在自旋频率下的规定的傅立叶分量幅度和相位。通过改变离子提取系统电网电压，通过对束电压，VB和加速电压VA的互补调制，通过恒定的离子束电流来实现推力的调制。这可以改变推力，同时保持恒定的总加速电压VTOT = VB + | VA|。

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