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1. 发明授权

US5628938A Method of making a ceramic composite by infiltration of a ceramic preform 失效
标题翻译：通过陶瓷预制件的渗透制造陶瓷复合材料的方法
公开(公告)号：US5628938A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-13
申请号：US342483
申请日：1994-11-18
申请人： D. Sangeeta , Svante Prochazka , Krishan L. Luthra
发明人： D. Sangeeta , Svante Prochazka , Krishan L. Luthra
IPC分类号： C04B35/573 , B05B3/00
CPC分类号： C04B35/573
摘要： A method for making a composite ceramic article by infiltration of a sintered ceramic preform with an infiltrate phase. The ceramic preform is made by directionally solidifying a liquid medium containing a dispersion of ceramic particles to produce a green, porous ceramic preform a plurality of interconnected lamelli that are partially separated from one another by complementary interlamellar regions, removing the solidified liquid medium and sintering the ceramic preform. This method may be used to make silicon carbide composites where a silicon carbide preform is first infiltrated with carbon to coat the lamelli of the preform, followed by infiltration of the carbon coated preform with molten silicon, whereby the molten silicon and carbon react to form silicon carbide in the interlamellar regions. The ceramic preform may also be coated with a thin, diffusion-inhibiting ceramic layer prior to infiltration in order to prevent interdiffusion between the lamelli of the preform and the infiltrate phase, and provide a plurality of mechanically weak, crack deflecting interfaces within the composite article.
摘要翻译：一种通过浸渗相的烧结陶瓷预型体的渗透制造复合陶瓷制品的方法。通过定向凝固含有陶瓷颗粒分散体的液体介质来制造陶瓷预制件，以通过互补的层间区域彼此部分地分离出多个相互连接的薄片以形成多孔互连的薄片，除去固化的液体介质并烧结陶瓷预制件。该方法可用于制造碳化硅复合材料，其中碳化硅预成型件首先用碳渗透以涂覆预成型件的薄片，随后用熔融硅渗透碳涂覆的预制件，由此熔融硅和碳反应形成硅在层间区域的碳化物。陶瓷预制件还可以在渗透之前涂覆有薄的扩散抑制性陶瓷层，以防止预成型件的薄片与渗透相之间的相互扩散，并且在复合制品内提供多个机械弱的裂纹偏转界面。

2. 发明授权

US4617492A High pressure sodium lamp having improved pressure stability 失效
标题翻译：具有改善的压力稳定性的高压钠灯
公开(公告)号：US4617492A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-14
申请号：US698512
申请日：1985-02-04
申请人： Krishan L. Luthra
发明人： Krishan L. Luthra
IPC分类号： H01J61/06 , H01J61/073 , H01J17/04 , H01B1/06
CPC分类号： H01J61/0737
摘要： High pressure sodium lamps have been subject to progressive reduction in pressure of contained sodium with attendant reduction in lighting quality. It has been discovered that modification of lamp components permits the pressure of contained sodium to be maintained at higher levels. Emission materials enclosed within the lamp are altered to limit reactive oxygen in the lamp atmosphere. A thermionic electrode as equipped with an improved emission composition as illustrated in areas B and C of the triaxial plot of FIG. 3.
摘要翻译：高压钠灯已经逐渐降低了所含钠的压力，伴随着照明质量的降低。已经发现灯组件的修改允许所含钠的压力保持在较高的水平。改变封装在灯内的发射材料，以限制灯泡气氛中的活性氧。具有改进的发射组成的热电极，如图3的三轴图的区域B和C所示。 3。

3. 发明授权

US5294489A Protective coating with reactive interlayer on reinforcement in silicon carbide composite 失效
标题翻译：在碳化硅复合材料中加强反应性中间层的保护涂层
公开(公告)号：US5294489A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-15
申请号：US862034
申请日：1992-04-02
申请人： Krishan L. Luthra , Milivoj K. Brun , Gregory S. Corman
发明人： Krishan L. Luthra , Milivoj K. Brun , Gregory S. Corman
IPC分类号： C04B35/565 , C04B35/573 , C04B35/628 , C04B35/65 , C04B35/80 , C04B35/84 , B32B9/00
CPC分类号： C04B35/62894 , B32B18/00 , C04B35/573 , C04B35/6261 , C04B35/6264 , C04B35/6269 , C04B35/62863 , C04B35/62868 , C04B35/62871 , C04B35/62873 , C04B35/62876 , C04B35/62897 , C04B35/63488 , C04B35/645 , C04B35/65 , C04B35/806 , C04B2235/3826 , C04B2235/386 , C04B2235/3891 , C04B2235/425 , C04B2235/5244 , C04B2235/5248 , C04B2235/5264 , C04B2235/5268 , C04B2235/5276 , C04B2235/5296 , C04B2235/6025 , C04B2235/6565 , C04B2235/6567 , C04B2237/361 , C04B2237/365 , C04B2237/38 , C04B2237/385 , C04B2237/60 , C04B2237/66 , C04B2237/704 , Y10T428/2916 , Y10T428/2918 , Y10T428/292 , Y10T428/2938 , Y10T428/294 , Y10T428/2942 , Y10T428/2949 , Y10T428/2955 , Y10T428/30 , Y10T428/31678
摘要： A protective coating for a reinforcement phase exposed to molten silicon or silicon alloy infiltrant comprises, an inner layer material resistant to reaction with the molten infiltrant, an interlayer of a reactive material that reacts with the infiltrant to form compounds having a melting temperature greater than the infiltrant, and an outer layer material resistant to reaction with the molten infiltrant. Materials resistant to reaction with molten silicon are a metal carbide from the group consisting of carbides of titanium, hafnium, zirconium, and tantalum; a metal nitride from the group consisting of nitrides of boron, silicon, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, and tantalum; a metal boride from the group consisting of borides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon, and aluminum, or combinations thereof. Another inner layer material resistant to reaction with molten silicon is a metal oxide that is an oxide of aluminum, yttrium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, beryllium, silicon, lanthanum, scandium, or the rare earths. Another outer layer material is rhodium, iridium, metal that reacts with silicon to form a silicide, metal carbide, metal silicide, metal nitride, or metal boride. Suitable metal silicides are silicides of chromium, molybdenum, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, or zirconium. Materials reactive with the molten silicon are carbon, molybdenum, titanium, chromium, niobium, zirconium, iridium, and combinations thereof.
摘要翻译：用于暴露于熔融硅或硅合金浸渗剂的增强相的保护涂层包括耐熔融浸渗剂反应的内层材料，与浸渗剂反应的反应性材料的中间层，以形成熔化温度高于渗透剂和耐熔融浸润剂反应的外层材料。耐熔融硅的材料是由钛，铪，锆和钽的碳化物组成的组中的金属碳化物; 来自硼，硅，铝，钛，锆，铪，铌和钽的氮化物的金属氮化物; 来自钛，锆，铪，硅和铝的硼化物的金属硼化物或其组合。耐熔融硅反应的另一种内层材料是铝，钇，钛，锆，铪，铍，硅，镧，钪或稀土的氧化物的金属氧化物。另一种外层材料是铑，铱，与硅反应形成硅化物，金属碳化物，金属硅化物，金属氮化物或金属硼化物的金属。合适的金属硅化物是铬，钼，钽，钛，钨或锆的硅化物。与熔融硅反应的材料是碳，钼，钛，铬，铌，锆，铱及其组合。

4. 发明授权

US4921822A Ceramic composite 失效
标题翻译：陶瓷复合材料
公开(公告)号：US4921822A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-01
申请号：US267879
申请日：1988-11-07
申请人： Krishan L. Luthra
发明人： Krishan L. Luthra
IPC分类号： C04B35/80
CPC分类号： C04B35/803 , Y10T428/2935 , Y10T428/2993
摘要： A composite is produced comprised of ceramic oxide fibrous material which is coated with a noble metal and disposed in a polycrystalline ceramic oxide matrix.
摘要翻译：由陶瓷氧化物纤维材料制成的复合材料，其被涂覆有贵金属并且设置在多晶陶瓷氧化物基体中。

5. 发明授权

US4620129A Gettered high pressure sodium lamp 失效
标题翻译：高压钠灯
公开(公告)号：US4620129A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-28
申请号：US728556
申请日：1985-04-29
申请人： Krishan L. Luthra
发明人： Krishan L. Luthra
IPC分类号： H01J61/06 , H01J61/073 , H01J61/26 , H01J17/04
CPC分类号： H01J61/26
摘要： High pressure sodium lamps have been subject to progressive reduction in pressure of contained sodium with attendant reduction in lighting quality. It has now been discovered that modification of lamp components permits the pressure of contained sodium to be maintained at higher levels. Emission materials enclosed within the lamp are altered to limit reactive oxygen in the lamp atmosphere. A thermionic electrode is equipped with an improved emission mix composition as illustrated in areas A and B of the triaxial plot of FIG. 3 and an oxygen getter is intermixed with the mix composition. The oxygen getter is a metal which forms a highly stable oxide and may be at least one selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum and yttrium.
摘要翻译：高压钠灯已经逐渐降低了所含钠的压力，伴随着照明质量的降低。现在已经发现灯组件的修改允许所含钠的压力保持在更高的水平。改变封装在灯内的发射材料，以限制灯泡气氛中的活性氧。如图3的三轴图的区域A和B所示，热电极装备有改进的发射混合物组合物。 3和氧吸气剂与混合组合物混合。氧气吸气剂是形成高度稳定的氧化物的金属，并且可以是选自钛，锆，铪，钽和钇中的至少一种。

6. 发明授权

US4340399A Method of removing alkali metal contamination from a gaseous stream 失效
标题翻译：从气流中除去碱金属污染物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4340399A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-20
申请号：US218991
申请日：1980-12-22
申请人： Krishan L. Luthra , Henry S. Spacil
发明人： Krishan L. Luthra , Henry S. Spacil
IPC分类号： B01D53/46 , B01D53/10 , F02C7/30 , F23J15/00 , B01D53/12
CPC分类号： B01D53/10
摘要： A method is described for effecting the removal of alkali metal contaminants from a super heated gaseous mixture useful in power generation. Finely divided refractory oxide particles are introduced into the hot gaseous mixture without effecting a substantial reduction in the temperature and operating efficiency of the system. The alkali metal contaminants are substantially removed from the hot gaseous mixture by being adsorbed onto the surface of the finely divided refractory oxide particles.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于从用于发电的超加热气体混合物中去除碱金属污染物的方法。将细碎的难熔氧化物颗粒引入热气体混合物中，而不会显着降低系统的温度和操作效率。通过吸附在微细耐火氧化物颗粒的表面上，基本上从热气体混合物除去碱金属污染物。

7. 发明授权

US5077140A Coating systems for titanium oxidation protection 失效
标题翻译：氧化钛保护涂层系统
公开(公告)号：US5077140A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-31
申请号：US511162
申请日：1990-04-17
申请人： Krishan L. Luthra , Douglas W. McKee
发明人： Krishan L. Luthra , Douglas W. McKee
IPC分类号： C22C19/00 , C22C38/00 , C22C38/18 , C23C4/06 , C23C4/08
CPC分类号： C23C4/08 , C23C4/073 , Y02T50/67 , Y10S428/937 , Y10T428/12806 , Y10T428/12931
摘要： Coatings that provide substantial oxidation protection for titanium substrates are comprised of a continuous coating of ductile MCrAl or ductile MCr alloys where M is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, and cobalt. Ductile MCrAl alloys are comprised of, by weight percent: about 10 to 40 percent chromium, about 4 to 10 percent aluminum, and the balance substanitally iron; about 8 to 40 percent chromium, about 4 to 10 percent aluminum, and the balance substantially nickel; or about 10 to 25 percent chromium, about 4 to 5.5 percent aluminum, and the balance substantially cobalt. Ductile MCr alloys are comprised of, by weight percent: about 20 to 40 percent chromium, and the balance substantially iron; about 20 to 50 percent chromium, and the balance substantially nickel; or about 15 to 35 percent chromium, and the balance substantially cobalt. The coatings can be deposited by plasma spraying, chemical vapor deposition, or physical vapor deposition and remain adherent on titanium substrates during repeated thermal cycling while providing substantial oxidation protection up to about 950.degree. C.
摘要翻译：为钛基板提供大量氧化保护的涂层由延性MCrAl或延性MCr合金的连续涂层组成，其中M是选自铁，镍和钴中的至少一种金属。延性MCrAl合金以重量百分比计：约10％至40％的铬，约4％至10％的铝，余量为铁; 约8至40％的铬，约4至10％的铝，余量基本上为镍; 或约10至25％的铬，约4至5.5％的铝，余量基本上为钴。球墨铸铁合金由重量百分比组成：约20％至40％的铬，余量基本上为铁; 约20至50％的铬，余量基本上为镍; 或约15至35％的铬，余量基本上为钴。涂层可以通过等离子体喷涂，化学气相沉积或物理气相沉积沉积，并在重复热循环过程中保持粘附在钛基板上，同时提供高达约950℃的大量氧化保护。

8. 发明授权

US4933309A Process for producing a ceramic composite reinforced with noble metal coated ceramic fibers 失效
标题翻译：用贵金属涂覆的陶瓷纤维增强陶瓷复合材料的方法
公开(公告)号：US4933309A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US386179
申请日：1989-07-28
申请人： Krishan L. Luthra
发明人： Krishan L. Luthra
IPC分类号： C04B35/645 , C04B35/80
CPC分类号： C04B35/803 , C04B35/645 , Y10T428/2958
摘要： A composite is produced comprised of ceramic oxide fibrous material which is coated with a noble metal and disposed in a ceramic oxide matrix. The composite can be produced by contacting the coated fibrous material with matrix-forming oxide powder to form a compact and densifying the compact. Densification can be carried out by techniques such as sintering, isostatic pressing, and hot pressing. The composite can also be produced by forming the coated fibrous material into a preform having an open porosity and infiltrating the preform with a vapor of the matrix-forming material.
摘要翻译：由陶瓷氧化物纤维材料制成的复合材料，该陶瓷氧化物纤维材料涂覆有贵金属并且设置在陶瓷氧化物基体中。复合材料可以通过使涂覆的纤维材料与基质形成氧化物粉末接触以形成紧凑的并且致密化而制成。致密化可以通过烧结，等静压和热压等技术进行。复合材料还可以通过将涂覆的纤维材料形成为具有开孔率的预成型体并用基体形成材料的蒸气渗入预成型体来制备。

9. 发明授权

US5552352A Silicon carbide composite with coated fiber reinforcement 失效
标题翻译：碳化硅复合材料与涂层纤维增强
公开(公告)号：US5552352A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-03
申请号：US525332
申请日：1995-09-08
申请人： Milivoj K. Brun , Krishan L. Luthra , Raj N. Singh
发明人： Milivoj K. Brun , Krishan L. Luthra , Raj N. Singh
IPC分类号： C04B35/565 , C04B35/573 , C04B35/628 , C04B35/80 , C04B41/85 , C04B35/577
CPC分类号： C04B35/62894 , C04B35/573 , C04B35/6269 , C04B35/62847 , C04B35/62852 , C04B35/62857 , C04B35/62876 , C04B35/62897 , C04B35/806 , C04B2235/3289 , C04B2235/3821 , C04B2235/3839 , C04B2235/3865 , C04B2235/3873 , C04B2235/3886 , C04B2235/3891 , C04B2235/402 , C04B2235/404 , C04B2235/408 , C04B2235/421 , C04B2235/428 , C04B2235/449 , C04B2235/5224 , C04B2235/5244 , C04B2235/5248 , C04B2235/5264 , C04B2235/5276 , C04B2235/5296 , C04B2235/608 , C04B2235/6581 , C04B2235/728 , C04B2235/77 , C04B2235/80 , Y10T428/292 , Y10T428/2949
摘要： A composite is comprised of reinforcement fibers having a continuous coating with a first layer of a metal oxide wherein the metal is from the group consisting of aluminum, yttrium, titanium, zirconium, beryllium, silicon, and the rare earths, and a molten silicon infiltration formed silicon carbide matrix. The coating may have a second layer from the group consisting of rhodium, iridium, metal carbide, metal silicide, metal nitride, and metal diboride, on the metal oxide coating. The reinforcement fibers being fibers from the group consisting of elemental carbon, silicon carbide, and mixtures thereof. A process for producing the fiber reinforced composite comprises depositing on the fibers a continuous coating comprised of the first layer of the metal oxide, and the second layer. A carbonaceous material is admixed with the coated fibers so that at least 5 volume percent of the mixture is the fibers. The mixture is formed into a preform having an open porosity ranging from about 25 volume percent to about 90 volume percent of the preform. The preform is heated in an inert atmosphere or partial vacuum, and infiltrated with molten silicon to produce an infiltrated product having the composition of the composite.
摘要翻译：复合材料由具有第一层金属氧化物的连续涂层的增强纤维组成，其中金属来自由铝，钇，钛，锆，铍，硅和稀土组成的组，以及熔融硅渗透形成碳化硅基体。涂层可以在金属氧化物涂层上具有来自铑，铱，金属碳化物，金属硅化物，金属氮化物和金属二硼化物的第二层。增强纤维是由元素碳，碳化硅及其混合物组成的组的纤维。制造纤维增强复合材料的方法包括在纤维上沉积由第一层金属氧化物和第二层组成的连续涂层。将含碳材料与涂覆的纤维混合，使得至少5体积％的混合物是纤维。该混合物形成具有预制件的约25体积％至约90体积％的开放孔隙率的预制件。预制件在惰性气氛或部分真空中加热，并用熔融硅渗透，以产生具有复合材料组成的渗透产品。

10. 发明授权

US5080862A Iridium silicon alloy 失效
标题翻译：氧化硅合金
公开(公告)号：US5080862A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-14
申请号：US514463
申请日：1990-04-25
申请人： Krishan L. Luthra
发明人： Krishan L. Luthra
IPC分类号： C22C5/00 , C22C5/04
CPC分类号： C22C5/04
摘要： An alloy having a very high resistance to oxidation is taught. The alloy contains between 30 and 75 atom percent of silicon in an iridium base. The alloy may be used in the form of a surface coating to protect structural elements of other materials from oxidation. The alloy may also be used as an ingredient of a composite.
摘要翻译：教导了具有非常高的耐氧化性的合金。该合金在铱基中含有30至75原子％的硅。该合金可以以表面涂层的形式使用，以保护其他材料的结构元件不被氧化。合金也可以用作复合材料的成分。

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