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1. 发明申请

US20110071375A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ESTIMATING PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS USING MODEL-BASED ADAPTIVE FILTERING 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用基于模型的自适应滤波估计生理参数的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20110071375A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-24
申请号：US12953262
申请日：2010-11-23
申请人： Clark R. Baker, JR. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, JR. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B5/1455
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/725 , H03H21/003
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the effects of noise on a system for measuring physiological parameters, such as, for example, a pulse oximeter. The method and apparatus of the invention take into account the physical limitations on various physiological parameters being monitored when weighting and averaging a series of measurements. Varying weights are assigned different measurements, measurements are rejected, and the averaging period is adjusted according to the reliability of the measurements. Similarly, calculated values derived from analyzing the measurements are also assigned varying weights and averaged over adjustable periods. More specifically, a general class of filters such as, for example, Kalman filters, is employed in processing the measurements and calculated values. The filters use mathematical models which describe how the physiological parameters change in time, and how these parameters relate to measurement in a noisy environment. The filters adaptively modify a set of averaging weights to optimally estimate the physiological parameters.
摘要翻译：一种用于减少噪声对用于测量生理参数的系统的影响的方法和装置，例如脉搏血氧计。本发明的方法和装置考虑到当加权和平均一系列测量时监测的各种生理参数的物理限制。不同的权重被分配不同的测量，测量被拒绝，平均期间根据测量的可靠性进行调整。类似地，从分析测量得到的计算值也被赋予变化的权重并且在可调周期上平均。更具体地，在处理测量值和计算值时，采用一般的滤波器类，例如卡尔曼滤波器。过滤器使用描述生理参数如何随时间变化的数学模型，以及这些参数如何与嘈杂环境中的测量相关。滤波器自适应地修改一组平均权重以最佳地估计生理参数。

2. 发明授权

US07931599B2 Method and apparatus for estimating a physiological parameter 有权
标题翻译：用于估计生理参数的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07931599B2
公开(公告)日：2011-04-26
申请号：US11070629
申请日：2005-03-01
申请人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B5/024 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/725 , G06F19/00 , H03H21/003
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the effects of noise on a system for measuring physiological parameters, such as, for example, a pulse oximeter. The method and apparatus of the invention take into account the physical limitations on various physiological parameters being monitored when weighting and averaging a series of measurements. Varying weights are assigned different measurements, measurements are rejected, and the averaging period is adjusted according to the reliability of the measurements. Similarly, calculated values derived from analyzing the measurements are also assigned varying weights and averaged over adjustable periods. More specifically, a general class of filters such as, for example, Kalman filters, is employed in processing the measurements and calculated values. The filters use mathematical models which describe how the physiological parameters change in time, and how these parameters relate to measurement in a noisy environment. The filters adaptively modify a set of averaging weights to optimally estimate the physiological parameters.
摘要翻译：一种用于减少噪声对用于测量生理参数的系统的影响的方法和装置，例如脉搏血氧计。本发明的方法和装置考虑到当加权和平均一系列测量时监测的各种生理参数的物理限制。不同的权重被分配不同的测量，测量被拒绝，平均期间根据测量的可靠性进行调整。类似地，从分析测量得到的计算值也被赋予变化的权重并且在可调周期上平均。更具体地，在处理测量值和计算值时，采用一般的滤波器类，例如卡尔曼滤波器。过滤器使用描述生理参数如何随时间变化的数学模型，以及这些参数如何与嘈杂环境中的测量相关。滤波器自适应地修改一组平均权重以最佳地估计生理参数。

3. 发明授权

US06721584B2 Method and apparatus for estimating physiological parameters using model-based adaptive filtering 有权
公开(公告)号：US06721584B2
公开(公告)日：2004-04-13
申请号：US09876004
申请日：2001-06-06
申请人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B500
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/725 , G06F19/00 , H03H21/003
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the effects of noise on a system for measuring physiological parameters, such as, for example, a pulse oximeter. The method and apparatus of the invention take into account the physical limitations on various physiological parameters being monitored when weighting and averaging a series of measurements. Varying weights are assigned different measurements, measurements are rejected, and the averaging period is adjusted according to the reliability of the measurements. Similarly, calculated values derived from analyzing the measurements are also assigned varying weights and averaged over adjustable periods. More specifically, a general class of filters such as, for example, Kalman filters, is employed in processing the measurements and calculated values. The filters use mathematical models which describe how the physiological parameters change in time, and how these parameters relate to measurement in a noisy environment. The filters adaptively modify a set of averaging weights to optimally estimate the physiological parameters.

4. 发明授权

US07302284B2 Pulse oximeter with parallel saturation calculation modules 有权
标题翻译：具有并联饱和度计算模块的脉搏血氧计
公开(公告)号：US07302284B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-27
申请号：US11039529
申请日：2005-01-19
申请人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/725 , G06F19/00 , H03H21/003
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the effects of noise on a system for measuring physiological parameters, such as, for example, a pulse oximeter. The method and apparatus of the invention take into account the physical limitations on various physiological parameters being monitored when weighting and averaging a series of measurements. Varying weights are assigned different measurements, measurements are rejected, and the averaging period is adjusted according to the reliability of the measurements. Similarly, calculated values derived from analyzing the measurements are also assigned varying weights and averaged over adjustable periods. More specifically, a general class of filters such as, for example, Kalman filters, is employed in processing the measurements and calculated values. The filters use mathematical models which describe how the physiological parameters change in time, and how these parameters relate to measurement in a noisy environment. The filters adaptively modify a set of averaging weights to optimally estimate the physiological parameters.
摘要翻译：一种用于减少噪声对用于测量生理参数的系统的影响的方法和装置，例如脉搏血氧计。本发明的方法和装置考虑到当加权和平均一系列测量时监测的各种生理参数的物理限制。不同的权重被分配不同的测量，测量被拒绝，平均期间根据测量的可靠性进行调整。类似地，从分析测量得到的计算值也被赋予变化的权重并且在可调周期上平均。更具体地，在处理测量值和计算值时，采用一般的滤波器类，例如卡尔曼滤波器。过滤器使用描述生理参数如何随时间变化的数学模型，以及这些参数如何与嘈杂环境中的测量相关。滤波器自适应地修改一组平均权重以最佳地估计生理参数。

5. 发明授权

US06411833B1 Method and apparatus for estimating physiological parameters using model-based adaptive filtering 有权
公开(公告)号：US06411833B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-25
申请号：US09435143
申请日：1999-11-05
申请人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B500
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/725 , G06F19/00 , H03H21/003
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the effects of noise on a system for measuring physiological parameters, such as, for example, a pulse oximeter. The method and apparatus of the invention take into account the physical limitations on various physiological parameters being monitored when weighting and averaging a series of measurements. Varying weights are assigned different measurements, measurements are rejected, and the averaging period is adjusted according to the reliability of the measurements. Similarly, calculated values derived from analyzing the measurements are also assigned varying weights and averaged over adjustable periods. More specifically, a general class of filters such as, for example, Kalman filters, is employed in processing the measurements and calculated values. The filters use mathematical models which describe how the physiological parameters change in time, and how these parameters relate to measurement in a noisy environment. The filters adaptively modify a set of averaging weights to optimally estimate the physiological parameters.

6. 发明授权

US6083172A Method and apparatus for estimating physiological parameters using model-based adaptive filtering 有权
公开(公告)号：US6083172A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-04
申请号：US137479
申请日：1998-08-20
申请人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B5/02 , A61B5/024 , H03H21/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/725 , A61B5/7239 , H03H21/003
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the effects of noise on a system for measuring physiological parameters, such as, for example, a pulse oximeter. The method and apparatus of the invention take into account the physical limitations on various physiological parameters being monitored when weighting and averaging a series of measurements. Varying weights are assigned different measurements, measurements are rejected, and the averaging period is adjusted according to the reliability of the measurements. Similarly, calculated values derived from analyzing the measurements are also assigned varying weights and averaged over adjustable periods. More specifically, a general class of filters such as, for example, Kalman filters, is employed in processing the measurements and calculated values. The filters use mathematical models which describe how the physiological parameters change in time, and how these parameters relate to measurement in a noisy environment. The filters adaptively modify a set of averaging weights to optimally estimate the physiological parameters.

7. 发明授权

US07130671B2 Pulse oximeter sensor off detector 有权
标题翻译：脉搏血氧计传感器关闭检测器
公开(公告)号：US07130671B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-31
申请号：US10775497
申请日：2004-02-09
申请人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/725 , G06F19/00 , H03H21/003
摘要： In a system for measuring a physiological parameter using at least one wavelength of electromagnetic energy transmitted through living tissue, a method for determining an operational status of the system. The method includes receiving a data signal from at least one sensor, determining whether the received data signal is representative of the physiological parameter by sensing whether the at least one sensor is secured to the living tissue, and generating a status signal representative of the operational status of the system based on that determination. The determination includes measuring an output level corresponding to the at least one wavelength. The determination may also include analyzing a spectrum corresponding to the at least one wavelength to determine a percentage of energy contained in a subset of the spectrum, or monitoring an amplitude of the data signal for a given interval.
摘要翻译：在使用通过活体组织传输的至少一个波长的电磁能来测量生理参数的系统中，用于确定系统的操作状态的方法。该方法包括从至少一个传感器接收数据信号，通过检测至少一个传感器是否固定在生物体组织上，确定接收到的数据信号是否代表生理参数，以及生成代表操作状态的状态信号的系统基于这一决定。确定包括测量对应于至少一个波长的输出电平。该确定还可以包括分析与至少一个波长对应的频谱，以确定包含在频谱子集中的能量的百分比，或者在给定间隔内监视数据信号的振幅。

8. 发明授权

US5853364A Method and apparatus for estimating physiological parameters using model-based adaptive filtering 失效
公开(公告)号：US5853364A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US660510
申请日：1996-06-07
申请人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B5/02 , A61B5/024 , H03H21/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/725 , A61B5/7239 , H03H21/003
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the effects of noise on a system for measuring physiological parameters, such as, for example, a pulse oximeter. The method and apparatus of the invention take into account the physical limitations on various physiological parameters being monitored when weighting and averaging a series of measurements. Varying weights are assigned different measurements, measurements are rejected, and the averaging period is adjusted according to the reliability of the measurements. Similarly, calculated values derived from analyzing the measurements are also assigned varying weights and averaged over adjustable periods. More specifically, a general class of filters such as, for example, Kalman filters, is employed in processing the measurements and calculated values. The filters use mathematical models which describe how the physiological parameters change in time, and how these parameters relate to measurement in a noisy environment. The filters adaptively modify a set of averaging weights to optimally estimate the physiological parameters.

9. 发明授权

US07865224B2 Method and apparatus for estimating a physiological parameter 有权
标题翻译：用于估计生理参数的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07865224B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-04
申请号：US10964249
申请日：2004-10-12
申请人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B5/1455 , A61B5/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/725 , G06F19/00 , H03H21/003
摘要： In a physiological monitor, a method and an apparatus for determining a patient's pulse rate using data corresponding to a plurality of wavelengths of electromagnetic energy transmitted through the tissue of the patient. The method includes tracking the pulse rate in the data using an adaptive comb filter, the data having signal portions corresponding to the pulse rate and signal portions corresponding to noise, periodically calculating a frequency power spectrum of one of the wavelengths, and using the frequency power spectrum in a pulse rate calculator to determine the pulse rate or to verify the pulse rate calculated by the pulse rate calculator.
摘要翻译：在生理监视器中，使用与通过患者组织透射的电磁能量的多个波长对应的数据来确定患者脉搏率的方法和装置。该方法包括使用自适应梳状滤波器跟踪数据中的脉率，该数据具有对应于脉冲速率的信号部分和对应于噪声的信号部分，周期性地计算波长之一的频率功率谱，并使用频率功率频谱计算器中确定脉搏速率或验证由脉率计算器计算的脉搏率。

10. 发明授权

US07336983B2 Pulse oximeter with parallel saturation calculation modules 有权
公开(公告)号：US07336983B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-26
申请号：US11406188
申请日：2006-04-18
申请人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, Jr. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/725 , G06F19/00 , H03H21/003
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the effects of noise on a system for measuring physiological parameters, such as, for example, a pulse oximeter. The method and apparatus of the invention take into account the physical limitations on various physiological parameters being monitored when weighting and averaging a series of measurements. Varying weights are assigned different measurements, measurements are rejected, and the averaging period is adjusted according to the reliability of the measurements. Similarly, calculated values derived from analyzing the measurements are also assigned varying weights and averaged over adjustable periods. More specifically, a general class of filters such as, for example, Kalman filters, is employed in processing the measurements and calculated values. The filters use mathematical models which describe how the physiological parameters change in time, and how these parameters relate to measurement in a noisy environment. The filters adaptively modify a set of averaging weights to optimally estimate the physiological parameters.

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