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1. 发明授权

US07183926B2 Adaptable bandwidth RFID tags 有权
标题翻译：适应带宽RFID标签
公开(公告)号：US07183926B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-27
申请号：US10823991
申请日：2004-04-13
申请人： Christopher J. Diorio , Scott Anthony Cooper , John D. Hyde , Amir Sarajedini , Kurt Eugene Sundstrom
发明人： Christopher J. Diorio , Scott Anthony Cooper , John D. Hyde , Amir Sarajedini , Kurt Eugene Sundstrom
IPC分类号： H04B1/06 , H04B7/00 , G01S13/75
CPC分类号： G06K19/0723
摘要： RFID tags, tag circuits, and methods adapting the reception bandwidth. A tag has a decoder for decoding a first received wireless signal subject to a reception bandwidth setting. The tag also has a selector switch for transitioning to a different setting, such as by switching to using a different filter. A subsequently received second signal is decoded subject to the new reception bandwidth setting.
摘要翻译： RFID标签，标签电路和适应接收带宽的方法。标签具有解码器，用于对接收带宽设置的第一接收无线信号进行解码。标签还具有用于转换到不同设置的选择器开关，例如通过切换到使用不同的滤镜。经过新的接收带宽设置，随后接收的第二信号被解码。

2. 发明授权

US08350665B1 RFID reader systems detecting pilot tone 有权
标题翻译： RFID读写器系统检测导频音
公开(公告)号：US08350665B1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US13407742
申请日：2012-02-28
申请人： Kurt E. Sundstrom , Scott A. Cooper , Amir Sarajedini , Aanand Esterberg , Todd E. Humes , Christopher J. Diorio
发明人： Kurt E. Sundstrom , Scott A. Cooper , Amir Sarajedini , Aanand Esterberg , Todd E. Humes , Christopher J. Diorio
IPC分类号： G05B23/02 , G05B11/01 , H04Q5/22 , H04B7/14 , H04B1/16 , G06F7/00 , H03D3/00
CPC分类号： G06K7/0008
摘要： RFID tags are commanded to generate a pilot tone in their backscatter. When the backscattered pilot tone is received in the reader, the pilot tone is used to estimate the tag period/frequency. Then, the estimate is used to seed and lock a symbol timing recovery loop, which provides a detected signal to one or more correlators for detecting the tag preamble. A delayed version of the received tag signal is compared against a baseline signal threshold established from the received signal to detect the pilot tone.
摘要翻译：命令RFID标签在其反向散射中产生导频音。当在读取器中接收到反向散射导频时，使用导频音来估计标签周期/频率。然后，估计用于对符号定时恢复循环进行种子和锁定，该循环向一个或多个相关器提供检测信号以检测标签前导码。将接收到的标签信号的延迟版本与从接收信号建立的基线信号阈值进行比较，以检测导频音。

3. 发明授权

US07472835B2 RFID system components implementing adjusted backscatter calculations and methods 有权
标题翻译： RFID系统组件实现调整后向散射计算和方法
公开(公告)号：US07472835B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-06
申请号：US11114614
申请日：2005-04-25
申请人： Christopher J. Diorio , Kurt E. Sundstrom , Scott Anthony Cooper , Todd E. Humes
发明人： Christopher J. Diorio , Kurt E. Sundstrom , Scott Anthony Cooper , Todd E. Humes
IPC分类号： G06K19/06
CPC分类号： G06K19/0723 , G06K7/0008 , H03J1/0058
摘要： RFID system components, such as readers and tags, communicate by a reader transmitting waveforms that encode a calibration symbol and a divide ratio. Tags include a processor to determine a backscatter link period result by dividing a count value representing the calibration symbol by the divide ratio and adding an adjustment. Tags modulate a backscatter waveform that includes symbols using a link period determined from the result.
摘要翻译：诸如读取器和标签的RFID系统组件由读取器传送，该读取器发送编码校准符号和分频比的波形。标签包括通过将表示校准符号的计数值除以除法比率并且添加调整来确定反向散射链路周期结果的处理器。标签使用从结果确定的链路周期调制包括符号的反向散射波形。

4. 发明授权

US07246751B2 RFID tags calibrating backscattering period also for non-integer divide ratios 有权
标题翻译： RFID标签校准后向散射周期也用于非整数分频比
公开(公告)号：US07246751B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-24
申请号：US11258521
申请日：2005-10-24
申请人： Christopher J. Diorio , Todd E. Humes , Scott Anthony Cooper
发明人： Christopher J. Diorio , Todd E. Humes , Scott Anthony Cooper
IPC分类号： G06K19/06
CPC分类号： G06K19/0723
摘要： An RFID tag that receives a calibration instruction from a reader can determine the basic backscatter period of the symbols to be backscattered. According to some embodiments, when the instruction includes a calibration feature that is to be divided by a divide ratio, the tag measures the duration of the feature in terms of numbers of internal pulses, resulting in a binary L-number. Then at least two versions of the L-number (PR1-number, PR2-number) are combined, so as to yield the effective result of the division alternately, even when the divide ratio is a non-integer. The backscatter period can then be determined from the BP-number and the period of the internal pulses.
摘要翻译：从读取器接收校准指令的RFID标签可以确定要反向散射的符号的基本反向散射周期。根据一些实施例，当指令包括要由分频比除除的校准特征时，标签以内部脉冲数量来测量特征的持续时间，得到二进制L数。然后组合L个号码（PR 1号，PR 2号码）的至少两个版本，以便即使分频比是非整数也可以交替地产生除法的有效结果。然后可以根据BP号和内部脉冲的周期来确定反向散射周期。

5. 发明授权

US07501953B2 RFID readers transmitting preambles denoting communication parameters and RFID tags interpreting the same and methods 有权
标题翻译： RFID读取器传输表示通信参数的前导码和解释相同的方法的RFID标签
公开(公告)号：US07501953B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-10
申请号：US10890976
申请日：2004-07-13
申请人： Christopher J. Diorio , Scott Anthony Cooper
发明人： Christopher J. Diorio , Scott Anthony Cooper
IPC分类号： H04Q5/22 , H04Q1/30 , G08B13/14 , G08B5/22 , H04L7/00
CPC分类号： G06K7/10297 , G06K7/0008
摘要： RFID readers transmit data to query RFID tags. Before transmitting the data, the RFID readers also transmit special preambles that inform of parameters of communication that are to be used. RFID tags decode the preamble, and adjust accordingly to optimize the communication. The preambles of the invention start with a delimiter that has a substantially constant duration regardless of the communication parameters that will be used, such as transmission data rate.
摘要翻译： RFID读取器传输数据以查询RFID标签。在发送数据之前，RFID阅读器还传送特殊的前导码，通知要使用的通信参数。 RFID标签对前导码进行解码，并进行相应调整以优化通信。本发明的前序开始于具有基本上恒定的持续时间的分隔符，而与要使用的通信参数无关，例如传输数据速率。

6. 发明授权

US07187290B2 RFID readers and tags transmitting and receiving waveform segment with ending-triggering transition 有权
标题翻译： RFID阅读器和标签发送和接收具有结束触发转换的波形段
公开(公告)号：US07187290B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-06
申请号：US11347734
申请日：2006-02-02
申请人： John D. Hyde , Christopher J. Diorio
发明人： John D. Hyde , Christopher J. Diorio
IPC分类号： G08B13/14
CPC分类号： G06K7/10297 , G06K7/0008
摘要： RFID readers exchange information with RFID tags. The information is encoded for transmission and decoded upon reception. Encoding is in binary bits, which are in turn encoded in waveform segments. The last transmitted waveform incorporates an ending-triggering transition, and terminates in a preset manner with respect to when the ending-triggering transition occurs. Parsing while decoding can happen by waiting for the ending-triggering transition, and then waiting according to the preset manner. This way there is no ambiguity in the ending of the waveform, and no End Frame is necessary.
摘要翻译： RFID读写器与RFID标签交换信息。信息被编码用于发送并在接收时被解码。编码是二进制位，它们又以波形段编码。最后发送的波形包含终止触发转换，并且相对于结束触发转换发生时以预设的方式结束。解码时可以通过等待结束触发转换来进行解码，然后根据预设的方式进行等待。这样一来，波形的结束就没有歧义，没有结束帧是必要的。

7. 发明授权

US08102007B1 Apparatus for trimming high-resolution digital-to-analog converter 有权
标题翻译：用于微调高分辨率数模转换器的装置
公开(公告)号：US08102007B1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-24
申请号：US10661037
申请日：2003-09-12
申请人： John D. Hyde , Miguel E. Figueroa , Todd E. Humes , Christopher J. Diorio , Terry D. Hass , Chad A. Lindhorst
发明人： John D. Hyde , Miguel E. Figueroa , Todd E. Humes , Christopher J. Diorio , Terry D. Hass , Chad A. Lindhorst
IPC分类号： H01L29/76 , H01L29/94 , H01L31/062 , H01L31/113 , H01L31/119 , H01L31/788 , H01L27/10 , H01L29/739 , H01L29/73
CPC分类号： H03M1/1057 , H03M1/742
摘要： A method and apparatus for trimming a high-resolution digital-to-analog converter (DAC) utilizes floating-gate synapse transistors to trim the current sources in the DAC by providing a trimmable current source. Fowler-Nordheim electron tunneling and hot electron injection are the mechanisms used to vary the amount of charge on the floating gate. Since floating gate devices store charge essentially indefinitely, no continuous trimming mechanism is required, although one could be implemented if desired. By trimming the current sources with high accuracy, a DAC can be built with a much higher resolution and with smaller size than that provided by intrinsic device matching.
摘要翻译：用于修整高分辨率数模转换器（DAC）的方法和装置利用浮栅突触晶体管来通过提供可调整的电流源来修整DAC中的电流源。 Fowler-Nordheim电子隧道和热电子注入是用于改变浮动栅极上的电荷量的机制。由于浮动栅极器件基本上无限期地存储电荷，因此不需要连续的修整机制，但是如果需要可以实现。通过以高精度修剪电流源，可以以比本机设备匹配提供的更高的分辨率和更小的尺寸构建DAC。

8. 发明授权

US06664909B1 Method and apparatus for trimming high-resolution digital-to-analog converter 有权
标题翻译：用于微调高分辨率数模转换器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06664909B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-16
申请号：US09929652
申请日：2001-08-13
申请人： John D. Hyde , Miguel E. Figueroa , Todd E. Humes , Christopher J. Diorio , Terry D. Hass , Chad A. Lindhorst
发明人： John D. Hyde , Miguel E. Figueroa , Todd E. Humes , Christopher J. Diorio , Terry D. Hass , Chad A. Lindhorst
IPC分类号： H03M166
CPC分类号： H03M1/1057 , H03M1/742
摘要： A method and apparatus for trimming a high-resolution digital-to-analog converter (DAC) utilizes floating-gate synapse transistors to trim the current sources in the DAC by providing a trimmable current source. Fowler-Nordheim electron tunneling and hot electron injection are the mechanisms used to vary the amount of charge on the floating gate. Since floating gate devices store charge essentially indefinitely, no continuous trimming mechanism is required, although one could be implemented if desired. By trimming the current sources with high accuracy, a DAC can be built with a much higher resolution and with smaller size than that provided by intrinsic device matching.
摘要翻译：用于修整高分辨率数模转换器（DAC）的方法和装置利用浮栅突触晶体管来通过提供可调整的电流源来修整DAC中的电流源。 Fowler-Nordheim电子隧道和热电子注入是用于改变浮动栅极上的电荷量的机制。由于浮动栅极器件基本上无限期地存储电荷，因此不需要连续的修整机制，但是如果需要可以实现。通过以高精度修剪电流源，可以以比本机设备匹配提供的更高的分辨率和更小的尺寸构建DAC。

9. 发明授权

US08952792B1 Self tuning RFID tags 有权
标题翻译：自调整RFID标签
公开(公告)号：US08952792B1
公开(公告)日：2015-02-10
申请号：US13345654
申请日：2012-01-06
申请人： Shailendra Srinivas , Jay Kuhn , Ronald A. Oliver , John D. Hyde , Christopher J. Diorio
发明人： Shailendra Srinivas , Jay Kuhn , Ronald A. Oliver , John D. Hyde , Christopher J. Diorio
IPC分类号： H04Q5/22 , G08B13/14 , H01Q1/24 , H01Q11/12 , H02M7/519
CPC分类号： G06K19/0715 , G06K19/0709 , H01Q1/2208 , H01Q1/248 , H01Q5/335 , H03H7/38 , H04Q2213/13095
摘要： A tuning circuit in an RFID tag may be used to match antenna and integrated circuit (IC) impedances to maximize the efficiency of IC power extraction from an incident RF wave. The tuning circuit, which requires less power to operate than the IC, adjusts a variable impedance to improve the impedance matching between the IC and the tag antenna and thereby increase the IC power extraction efficiency. The IC may begin operating according to a protocol when it extracts sufficient power from the RF wave or when an optimal impedance matching and power transfer is achieved.
摘要翻译：可以使用RFID标签中的调谐电路来匹配天线和集成电路（IC）阻抗，以使来自入射RF波的IC功率提取的效率最大化。与IC相比，调谐电路需要更少的功率来调节可变阻抗，以改善IC和标签天线之间的阻抗匹配，从而提高IC功率提取效率。当IC从RF波提取足够的功率或当达到最佳的阻抗匹配和功率传输时，IC可以根据协议开始操作。

10. 发明授权

US08325042B1 RFID tags with differential demodulators 有权
标题翻译：带有差分解调器的RFID标签
公开(公告)号：US08325042B1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-04
申请号：US12705036
申请日：2010-02-12
申请人： John D. Hyde , Ronald A. Oliver , Christopher J. Diorio
发明人： John D. Hyde , Ronald A. Oliver , Christopher J. Diorio
IPC分类号： G08B21/00
CPC分类号： G06K19/07749
摘要： An Integrated Circuit (IC) for an RFID tag contains at least two demodulators, each having an RF input port configured to receive and demodulate an RF input signal, with one or more of the RF inputs being a differential signal, and with at least two of the RF input ports electrically isolated from each other. The RFID IC contains two or more envelope detectors for recovering analog modulation envelope signals from the RF signals, and one or more slicers to convert the modulation envelopes to at least one digital signal. The analog signals from the two envelope detectors may be first combined, then converted to a digital signal. Alternatively, the analog modulation envelopes may be first converted to digital signals then combined in a digital combiner. Alternatively, the analog modulation envelopes may be converted to separate digital signals without being combined.
摘要翻译：用于RFID标签的集成电路（IC）包含至少两个解调器，每个解调器具有被配置为接收和解调RF输入信号的RF输入端口，其中一个或多个RF输入是差分信号，并且至少两个的RF输入端口彼此电隔离。 RFID IC包含两个或更多个包络检测器，用于从RF信号中恢复模拟调制包络信号，以及一个或多个限幅器将调制包络转换成至少一个数字信号。可以首先组合来自两个包络检测器的模拟信号，然后将其转换为数字信号。或者，模拟调制包络可以首先转换成数字信号，然后在数字组合器中组合。或者，模拟调制包络可以被转换成单独的数字信号而不被组合。

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