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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Apparatus and method for measuring the permittivity of a substance
    • 用于测量物质介电常数的装置和方法
    • US4510437A
    • 1985-04-09
    • US518532
    • 1983-07-29
    • Magdy F. Iskander
    • Magdy F. Iskander
    • E21B36/04E21B43/24E21B49/00G01R27/26
    • E21B49/00E21B36/04E21B43/2401
    • A novel apparatus and method for time-domain tracking of high-speed chemical reactions. The apparatus of the present invention includes an RF heating system for heating a reaction zone and a probe system in the reaction zone for measuring the complex permittivity in the reaction volume. A feedback system controls the RF source by adjusting the frequency of the RF source as a function of the relaxation frequency as determined by the permittivity measured by the probe system. Advantageously, the novel apparatus and method of this invention is particularly useful for RF dielectric heating to recover products from oil shales since it was found that the optimum RF frequency for heating oil shale changes rapidly as the kerogen is heated to elevated temperatures.
    • 一种用于高速化学反应的时域跟踪的新颖设备和方法。 本发明的装置包括用于加热反应区的RF加热系统和用于测量反应体积中的复介电常数的反应区中的探针系统。 反馈系统通过根据由探针系统测量的介电常数确定的松弛频率的函数调整RF源的频率来控制RF源。 有利地,本发明的新型装置和方法特别适用于RF介电加热以从油页岩中回收产物,因为发现用于加热油页岩的最佳RF频率随着干酪根被加热到升高的温度而迅速变化。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Electromagnetic energy coupler/receiver apparatus and method
    • 电磁能耦合器/接收装置及方法
    • US4240445A
    • 1980-12-23
    • US954054
    • 1978-10-23
    • Magdy F. IskanderCarl H. Durney
    • Magdy F. IskanderCarl H. Durney
    • A61B5/05A61N5/04H01P5/08H01P5/10H01Q1/38H01Q13/08A61N1/40
    • A61B5/0507A61B5/05A61N5/04H01P5/085H01P5/10H01Q1/38H01Q13/08
    • An apparatus and method for coupling electromagnetic energy into a dielectric material such as tissue while substantially reducing external leakage of the energy. The apparatus may also be used as a receiver for electromagnetic energy transmitted through tissue. The apparatus includes an open transmission line which is inherently non-radiating and may be configurated with a centrally disposed, central strip conductor. A ground plane conductor is placed in spaced relationship to the central strip conductor and on both sides of the central strip conductor. Alternatively, the central strip conductor may be placed in spaced relationship to one side of a ground plane conductor. The central strip conductor is terminated with a resistor of resistance equal to the characteristic impedance of the open transmission line. The spacing and electrical geometry of each of the central strip conductor, ground plane conductor, electrical interconnection points, and the resistor are each selectively predetermined to minimize spurious radiation during coupling of the transmission apparatus. The method includes minimizing external leakage of electromagnetic energy while coupling electromagnetic energy with tissue using the apparatus of this invention.
    • 一种用于将电磁能耦合到介电材料(例如组织)中同时显着减少能量的外部泄漏的装置和方法。 该装置还可以用作通过组织传输的电磁能的接收器。 该装置包括固有地不辐射的开放传输线,并且可以用中心布置的中心带状导体来配置。 接地平面导体与中心带状导体和中心带状导体的两侧间隔开放置。 或者,中心带状导体可以与地平面导体的一侧以间隔的关系放置。 中心带状导体用电阻等于开放传输线的特性阻抗的电阻端接。 每个中央带状导体,接地平面导体,电互连点和电阻器的间隔和电气几何形状各自是选择性地预定的,以在传输装置的耦合期间最小化杂散辐射。 该方法包括使用本发明的装置使电磁能量与组织耦合而使电磁能量的外部泄漏最小化。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Coaxial continuous transverse stub element device antenna array and filter
    • 同轴连续横向短管元件天线阵列和滤波器
    • US06201509B1
    • 2001-03-13
    • US09434886
    • 1999-11-05
    • Zhijun ZhangMagdy F. IskanderZhengqing Yun
    • Zhijun ZhangMagdy F. IskanderZhengqing Yun
    • H01Q904
    • H01Q9/0407H01Q21/10
    • A continuous transverse stub element array structure which forms a coaxial geometry formed from a plurality of cylindrical segments, wherein each of the cylindrical segments has a rim at a top end and a bottom end, wherein each rim extends transversely away from the cylindrical segment relative to a longitudinal axis thereof to thereby form a stub element, wherein the individual cylindrical transverse stub elements are aligned end-to-end to thereby form a coaxial cable structure which surrounds a central core material. The series of these stubs form reactive or radiating elements for microwave, millimeter-wave, and quasi-optical filters and antennas. Purely reactive elements are formed by leaving the conductive coating on the terminus of the stub elements, whereas radiating elements are formed when stub elements of moderate radius are opened to free space. For tunability, each of the plurality of cylindrical segments and the central axis materials are coated with a conductive material which is ferro-electrical or liquid crystal in nature. The individual stub elements are separated from each other by air gaps or an appropriate material.
    • 一种形成由多个圆柱形段形成的同轴几何形状的连续横向短截线元件阵列结构,其中每个圆柱形段具有在顶端和底端的边缘,其中每个边缘相对于圆柱形段横向延伸远离圆柱形段 从而形成短截线元件,其中单独的圆柱形横向短截线元件被端对端排列,从而形成围绕中心芯材料的同轴电缆结构。 这些短棒的一系列形成用于微波,毫米波和准光滤波器和天线的反应或辐射元件。 通过将导电涂层留在短截线元件的末端而形成纯反应元件,而辐射元件在中等半径的短截线元件被打开以释放空间时形成。 为了可调性,多个圆柱形段和中心轴材料中的每一个都涂覆有本质上是铁电或液晶的导电材料。 通过气隙或适当的材料将单个短截线元件彼此分开。