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1. 发明授权

US4912979A Method and apparatus for detecting and measuring elastic anisotropy 失效
标题翻译：用于检测和测量弹性各向异性的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4912979A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-03
申请号：US310485
申请日：1989-02-14
申请人： Carl H. Sondergeld , Chandra S. Rai , Richard M. Alford
发明人： Carl H. Sondergeld , Chandra S. Rai , Richard M. Alford
IPC分类号： G01N29/07 , G01N33/24
CPC分类号： G01N29/07 , G01N33/24
摘要： A novel method for detecting and measuring elastic anisotropy in a sample of the earth's formations is provided. A dyad of time series signal representative of the sample's response to imparted shear waves is recorded. The dyad of time series signals can then be processed to detect and measure elastic anisotropy in the sample. More particularly, the dyad of time series signals are collected by imparting shear waves having first and second polarizations into the samples with a shear wave transducer and recording the sample's response to each of the imparted shear waves by shear wave transducers having first and second polarizations. In one embodiment of the invention, the dyad of time series signals can be diagonalized to detect and measure elastic anisotropy in the sample. In another embodiment, the dyad of time series signals can be processed for a plurality of rotation angles and the resulting rotated dyad of time series signals can be displayed to detect and measure elastic anisotropy in the sample.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于检测和测量地球样品中的弹性各向异性的新方法。记录代表样品对赋予剪切波的响应的时间序列信号的二元组。然后可以处理时间序列信号的二元组，以检测和测量样品中的弹性各向异性。更具体地，通过用剪切波传感器将具有第一和第二极化的剪切波施加到样品中来收集时间序列信号的二元组，并通过具有第一和第二偏振的剪切波变换器记录样品对每个施加的剪切波的响应。在本发明的一个实施例中，可以将时间序列信号的二元对角化以检测和测量样品中的弹性各向异性。在另一个实施例中，可以处理多个旋转角度的时间序列信号的二元组，并且可以显示所产生的旋转的时间序列信号，以检测和测量样品中的弹性各向异性。

2. 发明授权

US4996421A Method an system of geophysical exploration 失效
标题翻译：方法探索地球物理系统
公开(公告)号：US4996421A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-26
申请号：US264926
申请日：1988-10-31
申请人： Chandra S. Rai , Carl H. Sondergeld
发明人： Chandra S. Rai , Carl H. Sondergeld
IPC分类号： G01N21/31 , G01N21/35 , G01N33/24
CPC分类号： G01N21/3563 , G01N33/241 , G01N2021/3196 , G01N2021/3572 , G01N2021/3595
摘要： A system and method of geophysical exploration is described whereby composition logs of the minerals comprising the formations surrounding a wellbore can be obtained. Samples of the formations surrounding a wellbore are obtained at selected intervals along the length of the wellbore. Each of the core samples is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation and a spectral response signal, representative of the electromagnetic response of each sample to the electromagnetic radiation is recorded. Peaks in the spectral response signals are located and correlated with minerals exhibiting similar electromagnetic characteristic response peaks. Since the samples were obtained from known depths within the wellbore, a composition log of the minerals comprising the formations surrounding the wellbore can be prepared displaying the minerals identified as a function of depth in the wellbore.
摘要翻译：描述了地球物理勘探的系统和方法，其中可以获得包含围绕井眼的地层的矿物的组成原木。沿着井筒的长度以选定的间隔获得围绕井筒的地层的样品。每个核心样品用电磁辐射照射，并且记录表示每个样品对电磁辐射的电磁响应的光谱响应信号。光谱响应信号中的峰位于表现出类似电磁特征响应峰的矿物并与其相关。由于样品是从井筒内的已知深度获得的，所以可以制备包含井筒周围的地层的矿物的组成成分，显示在井眼中被鉴定为深度函数的矿物质。

3. 发明授权

US4964086A Method for characterizing velocity estimates 失效
标题翻译：表征速度估计的方法
公开(公告)号：US4964086A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-16
申请号：US424430
申请日：1989-10-20
申请人： Richard J. O'Connell , Chandra S. Rai , Carl H. Sondergeld
发明人： Richard J. O'Connell , Chandra S. Rai , Carl H. Sondergeld
IPC分类号： G01V1/30
CPC分类号： G01V1/30
摘要： The present invention provides a novel method for obtaining quality indices for objectively characterizing seismic velocity estimates in geophysical data bases.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于获取客观地表征地球物理数据库中地震速度估计的质量指标的新方法。

4. 发明授权

US5109697A Method of exploration for hydrocarbons 失效
标题翻译：碳氢化合物勘探方法
公开(公告)号：US5109697A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-05
申请号：US644171
申请日：1991-01-22
申请人： Keith K. Millheim , Houston B. Mount, II , Chandra S. Rai , Carl H. Sondergeld
发明人： Keith K. Millheim , Houston B. Mount, II , Chandra S. Rai , Carl H. Sondergeld
IPC分类号： E21B49/02 , G01N21/64 , G01N33/24 , G01V11/00
CPC分类号： G01V11/00 , E21B49/02 , G01N33/241 , G01N21/64
摘要： A method of exploring for hydrocarbons is disclosed wherein core is obtained over substantially the entire length of a well and substantially all lithologies represented within the core are analyzed at a core analysis facility located adjacent the well. A measurement of a plurality of physical properties of the core are made promptly after the core is removed from the well. Thereafter, from the measurement of these physical properties, a depth correlated record is generated, and is used (a) to adjust the drilling plan for that well while it is being drilled, (b) used as inputs into other exploration processes, such as seismic surveys, magnetic surveys and gravity surveys, or (c) used for correlation with other depth correlated records obtained from other wells.
摘要翻译：公开了一种探索烃的方法，其中在井的基本上整个长度上获得核，并且在位于相邻井的核心分析设备处分析在核心内表示的基本上所有的岩性。在将芯从井中取出之后，立即对芯的多个物理性质进行测量。此后，从这些物理性质的测量中，生成深度相关记录，并且（a）在钻探时调整钻井计划，（b）用作其他勘探过程的输入，例如地震勘测，磁性测量和重力勘测，或（c）用于与其他井获得的其他深度相关记录的相关性。

5. 发明授权

US4933911A Method for determining seismic velocities 失效
标题翻译：确定地震速度的方法
公开(公告)号：US4933911A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US402113
申请日：1989-09-01
申请人： Carl H. Sondergeld , Chandra S. Rai
发明人： Carl H. Sondergeld , Chandra S. Rai
IPC分类号： G01H5/00
CPC分类号： G01H5/00
摘要： The present invention relates generally to a method for determining seismic velocities and more particularly to a method and system for objectively determining seismic velocities from samples of the earth's subterranean formation. Additionally, the present invention provides a method for obtaining a measure of the variation of seismic velocities of propagation with pressure.
摘要翻译：本发明一般涉及一种用于确定地震速度的方法，更具体地说，涉及一种用于客观地确定地球地层样本的地震速度的方法和系统。此外，本发明提供了一种用于获得随压力传播的地震速度的变化的测量的方法。

6. 发明授权

US5134271A Bar code system used in geophysical exploration 失效
标题翻译：用于地球物理勘探的条形码系统
公开(公告)号：US5134271A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-28
申请号：US665211
申请日：1991-03-06
申请人： Carl H. Sondergeld , Chandra S. Rai
发明人： Carl H. Sondergeld , Chandra S. Rai
IPC分类号： G01V11/00
CPC分类号： G01V11/00
摘要： The present invention relates generally to a method and system for geophysical exploration and more particularly to a method and system for obtaining selected physical properties of the subterranean formations surrounding a wellbore so as to aid the geophysicist in evaluating the oil and gas bearing potential of such formations. In one embodiment of the invention, core samples are obtained along the length of a wellbore and labeled with a machine readable bar code. A plurality of separately arranged measurement stations, each having a unique machine readable bar code, are provided for measuring properties of each sample. By use of a bar code a reader interconnected to a CPU, measurement of physical properties of the samples can be initiated at each measurement station. A log of each physical property as a function of depth can then be prepared with which explorationists can evaluate geophysical survey data for oil and gas potential.

7. 发明授权

US5012674A Method of exploration for hydrocarbons 失效
标题翻译：碳氢化合物勘探方法
公开(公告)号：US5012674A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-07
申请号：US265073
申请日：1988-10-31
申请人： Keith K. Millheim , Houston B. Mount, II , Chandra S. Rai , Carl H. Sondergeld
发明人： Keith K. Millheim , Houston B. Mount, II , Chandra S. Rai , Carl H. Sondergeld
IPC分类号： E21B49/02 , G01N21/64 , G01N33/24 , G01V11/00
CPC分类号： G01V11/00 , E21B49/02 , G01N33/241 , G01N21/64
摘要： A method of exploring for hydrocarbons is disclosed wherein core is obtained over substantially the entire length of a well and substantially all lithologies represented within the core are analyzed at a core analysis facility located adjacent the well. A measurement of a plurality of physical properties of the core are made promptly after the core is removed from the well. Thereafter, from the measurement of these physical properties, a depth correlated record is generated, and is used (a) to adjust the drilling plan for that well while it is being drilled, (b) used as inputs into other exploration processes, such as seismic surveys, magnetic surveys and gravity surveys, or (c) used for correlation with other depth correlated records obtained from other wells.
摘要翻译：公开了一种探索烃的方法，其中在井的基本上整个长度上获得核，并且在位于相邻井的核心分析设备处分析在核心内表示的基本上所有的岩性。在将芯从井中取出之后，立即对芯的多个物理性质进行测量。此后，从这些物理性质的测量中，生成深度相关记录，并且（a）在钻探时调整钻井计划，（b）用作其他勘探过程的输入，例如地震勘测，磁性测量和重力勘测，或（c）用于与其他井获得的其他深度相关记录的相关性。

8. 发明授权

US4754439A Means for obtaining shear wave velocities 失效
标题翻译：获得剪切波速度的方法
公开(公告)号：US4754439A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-28
申请号：US797715
申请日：1985-11-13
申请人： Kenneth E. Hanson , Leon A. Thomsen , Carl H. Sondergeld , Chandra S. Rai
发明人： Kenneth E. Hanson , Leon A. Thomsen , Carl H. Sondergeld , Chandra S. Rai
IPC分类号： G01V1/46 , G01V1/40
CPC分类号： G01V1/46
摘要： The present invention provides a method of logging a subterranean formation through a wellbore containing a fluid, wherein no shear wave signal is obtainable utilizing conventional sonic well logging tools suspended in the wellbore. The shear wave signal is not obtainable usually because the acoustic velocity of the wellbore fluid is greater than the shear wave velocity of the formation to be logged. In the present method, the acoustic velocity of the wellbore fluid is adjusted until a shear velocity signal is obtainable by lowering the acoustic velocity of the wellbore fluid until it is less than the shear wave velocity of the formation. Thereafter, the formation is logged through the wellbore to obtain a shear wave signal.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种通过包含流体的井筒记录地下地层的方法，其中利用悬浮在井眼中的常规声波测井工具不能获得剪切波信号。剪切波信号通常是因为井眼流体的声速大于要记录的地层的剪切波速度。在本方法中，调整井筒流体的声速，直到通过降低井筒流体的声速直到其小于地层的剪切波速度获得剪切速度信号为止。此后，通过井筒记录地层以获得剪切波信号。

9. 发明授权

US4831530A Method for determining in-situ formation properties 失效
标题翻译：确定原位形成性质的方法
公开(公告)号：US4831530A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-16
申请号：US67671
申请日：1987-06-26
申请人： Chandra S. Rai
发明人： Chandra S. Rai
IPC分类号： G01V1/30
CPC分类号： G01V1/30
摘要： A method for determining in-situ formation properties is provided. Through regression analyses, empirical systematic relations are obtained using measures of formation properties obtained form formation samples of at lest one reference well over a range of effective pressures and pore fluids. The formation properties are selected from the group comprising shear velocity, compressional velocity, as well as porosity and mineralogy content. Direct measurements of at least two in-situ formation properties selected from the group of shear velocity, compressional velocity, porosity and mineralogy content are obtained for an exploratory well. The empirical systematic relations of formation properties are inverted to determine estimates of the balance of the insitu formation properties selected from the group including shear wave velocity, compressional wave velocity, porosity and mineralogy content not directly measured.
摘要翻译：提供了一种确定原位形成特性的方法。通过回归分析，通过在有效压力和孔隙流体范围内至少一个参考井的形成样品获得的地层性质的测量获得经验系统关系。形成性质选自剪切速度，压缩速度以及孔隙率和矿物学含量。对于探索井，获得从剪切速度，压缩速度，孔隙度和矿物学含量组中选择的至少两个原位形成性质的直接测量。反演地层性质的经验系统关系，以确定从直接测量的剪切波速度，压缩波速度，孔隙度和矿物含量组中选出的地层形成性质的平衡估计。

10. 发明授权

US4907206A Method for estimating formation lithology 失效
标题翻译：估计地层岩性的方法
公开(公告)号：US4907206A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-06
申请号：US226354
申请日：1988-07-29
申请人： Chandra S. Rai , Kenneth E. Hanson
发明人： Chandra S. Rai , Kenneth E. Hanson
IPC分类号： G01V1/50
CPC分类号： G01V1/50
摘要： A novel method of geophysical exploration is described for obtaining estimates the formation lithology from measures of formation anisotropy. First and second measures of formation anisotropy can be transformed into estimates of formation lithology by crossplotting them onto a lithology diagram. In one embodiment of the present invention, the lithology diagram comprises two separate axes representing measures of formation azimuthal anisotropy and transverse isotropy for a selected formation property which defines regions of separate lithologies. The lithology diagram can provide a novel means for discriminating formation lithology from the measures of formation anisotropy.
摘要翻译：描述了一种新的地球物理勘探方法，用于从地层各向异性测量中获得地层岩性的估计。地层各向异性的第一和第二措施可以通过将它们交叉绘制到岩性图上而转化为地层岩性的估计。在本发明的一个实施例中，岩性图包括两个独立的轴，其表示对限定分开的岩性区域的选定地层特性的形成方位各向异性和横向各向同性的测量。岩性图可以提供一种用于区分地层岩性与地层各向异性测量的新手段。

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