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1. 发明授权

US06813628B2 Method and apparatus for performing equality comparison in redundant form arithmetic 有权
标题翻译：用于在冗余形式算术中执行等式比较的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06813628B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-02
申请号：US09746771
申请日：2000-12-22
申请人： Bharat Bhushan , Edward Grochowski , Vinod Sharma , John Crawford
发明人： Bharat Bhushan , Edward Grochowski , Vinod Sharma , John Crawford
IPC分类号： G06F704
CPC分类号： G06F7/5095 , G06F7/02 , G06F7/026 , G06F7/48 , G06F7/4824
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed to compare numbers for equality. The numbers represented in a redundant form, including numbers received from a bypass circuit are subtracted. More specifically, a complemented form is generated and supplied to an arithmetic circuit for at least one number represented in the redundant form. Input to the arithmetic circuit is adjusted to augment a result generated through the arithmetic circuit to generate a valid outcome represented in the redundant form as a result of a subtraction operation. Results of the subtraction operation are compared to zero in redundant form using a non-propagative circuit and without requiring carry propagation, thereby producing an equality comparison of the number in redundant form.
摘要翻译：公开了一种方法和装置，用于比较相等的数字。减去以冗余形式表示的数字，包括从旁路电路接收的数字。更具体地，产生补码形式并将其提供给用冗余形式表示的至少一个数字的运算电路。调整运算电路的输入以增加通过算术电路产生的结果，以产生作为减法运算的结果以冗余形式表示的有效结果。使用非传播电路将减法操作的结果与冗余形式进行比较，而不需要进位传播，从而产生冗余形式的数量的等式比较。

2. 发明授权

US06826588B2 Method and apparatus for a fast comparison in redundant form arithmetic 有权
标题翻译：冗余形式算法快速比较的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06826588B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-30
申请号：US10032026
申请日：2001-12-17
申请人： Bharat Bhushan , Edward Grochowski , Vinod Sharma , John Crawford
发明人： Bharat Bhushan , Edward Grochowski , Vinod Sharma , John Crawford
IPC分类号： G06F702
CPC分类号： G06F7/48 , G06F7/02 , G06F7/026 , G06F7/4824
摘要： The present invention provides an efficient method for bypassing outputs while in redundant form to an arithmetic circuit that is capable of adding or subtracting numbers in redundant from and comparing the magnitudes of numbers received in redundant form for equality and inequality relationships. For one embodiment of the invention, an arithmetic circuit subtracts numbers received in redundant form and compares the result to zero represented in redundant form without carry propagation. In parallel with the subtraction and comparison, the most significant bits of each number received in redundant form are generated and compared for equality, and a carry-out is generated for the subtraction. These results are combined by magnitude comparison logic to produce a magnitude comparison for the numbers received in redundant form.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于以冗余形式旁路输出到算术电路的有效方法，该算术电路能够从冗余形式中增加或减少冗余中的数字并比较用于相等和不等式关系的以冗余形式接收的数字的数量。对于本发明的一个实施例，运算电路减去以冗余形式接收的数字，并将结果与以多余形式表示的零进行比较，而无需进位传播。与减法和比较并行地，以冗余形式接收的每个数字的最高有效位被生成和比较以相等，并且为减法产生进位输出。这些结果通过幅度比较逻辑组合，以产生以冗余形式接收的数字的幅度比较。

3. 发明授权

US06763368B2 Method and apparatus for performing single-cycle addition or subtraction and comparison in redundant form arithmetic 有权
标题翻译：用于在冗余形式算术中执行单周期加法或减法和比较的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06763368B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-13
申请号：US09746940
申请日：2000-12-22
申请人： Bharat Bhushan , Vinod Sharma , Edward Grochowski , John Crawford
发明人： Bharat Bhushan , Vinod Sharma , Edward Grochowski , John Crawford
IPC分类号： G06F704
CPC分类号： G06F7/5095 , G06F7/02 , G06F7/4824
摘要： A method and apparatus for adding numbers represented in redundant form or for subtracting numbers received in redundant form and for comparing results in redundant form for equality to an expected value. A redundant arithmetic circuit performs an arithmetic operation on operands received in redundant form to generate a result represented in redundant form. A comparator circuit is coupled with the arithmetic circuit to receive the result in redundant form and to perform an equality comparison of the result to the expected value, and to indicate the truth of said equality comparison independent of carry signal propagation from the least significant digit to the most significant digit.
摘要翻译：一种用于添加以冗余形式表示的数字或用于减去以冗余形式接收的数字并用于将用于相等的冗余形式的结果与期望值进行比较的方法和装置。冗余算术电路对以冗余形式接收的操作数执行算术运算，以生成以冗余形式表示的结果。比较器电路与算术电路耦合以以冗余形式接收结果，并且执行结果与期望值的相等比较，并且指示所述等式比较的真实性，独立于从最低有效数字到进位信号传播的进位信号最重要的数字。

4. 发明授权

US07395304B2 Method and apparatus for performing single-cycle addition or subtraction and comparison in redundant form arithmetic 有权
标题翻译：用于在冗余形式算术中执行单周期加法或减法和比较的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07395304B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-01
申请号：US10890848
申请日：2004-07-13
申请人： Bharat Bhushan , Vinod Sharma , Edward Grochowski , John Crawford
发明人： Bharat Bhushan , Vinod Sharma , Edward Grochowski , John Crawford
IPC分类号： G06F7/04
CPC分类号： G06F7/5095 , G06F7/02 , G06F7/4824
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed that uses an arithmetic circuit for adding numbers represented in a redundant form to also subtract numbers received in redundant form, including numbers received from a bypass circuit. A non-propagative comparator circuit is then used to compare a given value with a result from the arithmetic circuit to determine if the result is equal to the given value. All of the operations described above can be accomplished without propagating carry signals throughout the circuitry.The method includes generating a complemented redundant form of at least one number supplied to the arithmetic circuit in redundant form. It also includes providing adjustment input to the arithmetic circuit to augment a result produced through the arithmetic circuit. This adjustment causes the arithmetic circuit to generate a valid outcome in redundant form as a result of a subtraction operation if the arithmetic operation is subtraction. Then the result is compared to a given value using a non-propagative comparator to determine equality or inequality of the result to the given value.
摘要翻译：公开了一种方法和装置，其使用运算电路来添加以冗余形式表示的数字，还可以减去以冗余形式接收的数字，包括从旁路电路接收的数字。然后使用非传播比较器电路将给定值与运算电路的结果进行比较，以确定结果是否等于给定值。可以在整个电路中不传播进位信号来实现上述所有操作。该方法包括以冗余的形式生成提供给运算电路的至少一个数的补码冗余形式。它还包括向算术电路提供调整输入以增加通过运算电路产生的结果。如果算术运算是减法，则该调整使得运算电路作为减法运算的结果以冗余形式产生有效结果。然后将结果与使用非传播比较器的给定值进行比较，以确定结果与给定值的相等或不等式。

5. 发明授权

US06754689B2 Method and apparatus for performing subtraction in redundant form arithmetic 有权
标题翻译：用于以冗余形式算术进行减法的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06754689B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-22
申请号：US09745697
申请日：2000-12-22
申请人： Bharat Bhushan , Edward Grochowski , John Crawford
发明人： Bharat Bhushan , Edward Grochowski , John Crawford
IPC分类号： G06F750
CPC分类号： G06F7/50 , G06F7/4824
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed that uses an arithmetic circuit for adding numbers represented in redundant form to subtract numbers received in redundant form, including numbers received from a bypass circuit. The method includes generating a complemented redundant form of at least one number supplied to the arithmetic circuit in redundant form. It also includes providing an adjustment input to the arithmetic circuit to augment a result produced through the arithmetic circuit to generate a valid outcome in redundant form of a subtraction operation. A carry-save adder structure is used in one preferred embodiment of the current invention to perform a subtraction operation A−B, where B is a number represented by one of its valid carry-sum redundant representations. In order to perform the subtraction operation, each of the carry bits and each of the sum bits in a redundant representation of B are complemented and supplied to the carry-save adder. Then a result is corrected by adding an adjustment of three. This adjustment value is incorporated into the result through the carry-save adder circuit. Thus the circuit produces a valid redundant representation for the subtraction operation A−B.
摘要翻译：公开了一种方法和装置，其使用运算电路来添加以冗余形式表示的数字，以减去以冗余形式接收的数字，包括从旁路电路接收的数字。该方法包括以冗余的形式生成提供给运算电路的至少一个数的补码冗余形式。它还包括向算术电路提供调整输入以增加通过算术电路产生的结果，以产生冗余形式的减法运算来产生有效结果。在本发明的一个优选实施例中使用进位保存加法器结构执行减法运算AB，其中B是由其有效进位和冗余表示之一表示的数。为了执行减法运算，B的冗余表示中的每个进位位和每个和位被补码并提供给进位存储加法器。然后通过添加三个调整来校正结果。该调整值通过进位保存加法器电路并入结果。因此，该电路产生用于减法运算A-B的有效冗余表示。

6. 发明授权

US06904502B2 Circuit and method for protecting 1-hot and 2-hot vector tags in high performance microprocessors 有权
标题翻译：用于保护高性能微处理器中的1-hot和2-hot矢量标签的电路和方法
公开(公告)号：US06904502B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-07
申请号：US10743069
申请日：2003-12-23
申请人： Nhon Quach , John Crawford , Greg S. Mathews , Edward Grochowski , Chakravarthy Kosaraju
发明人： Nhon Quach , John Crawford , Greg S. Mathews , Edward Grochowski , Chakravarthy Kosaraju
IPC分类号： G06F12/08 , G06F12/10 , G06F12/16 , G11C7/24
CPC分类号： G06F12/0891
摘要： The present invention relates to the design of highly reliable high performance microprocessors, and more specifically to designs using a blind invalidate circuit in high-speed memories. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a tag array memory circuit including a plurality of memory bit circuits coupled together to form an n-bit memory cell; and a blind invalidate circuit coupled to a memory bit circuit in the n-bit memory cell, the blind invalidate circuit to clear a bit in the memory bit circuit, if a primary clear bit line is asserted and a received bit value of a right-adjacent memory bit circuit is zero.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及高可靠性高性能微处理器的设计，更具体地涉及在高速存储器中使用盲目无效电路的设计。根据本发明的实施例，一种标签阵列存储电路，包括耦合在一起以形成n位存储单元的多个存储器位电路; 以及与n位存储器单元中的存储器位电路耦合的盲目无效电路，盲目无效电路清除存储器位电路中的一位，如果主清零位线被断言，并且接收到的位值为右，相邻的存储器位电路为零。

7. 发明授权

US06775746B2 Circuit and method for protecting 1-hot and 2-hot vector tags in high performance microprocessors 有权
公开(公告)号：US06775746B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-10
申请号：US10435386
申请日：2003-05-12
申请人： Nhon Quach , John Crawford , Greg S. Mathews , Edward Grochowski , Chakravarthy Kosaraju
发明人： Nhon Quach , John Crawford , Greg S. Mathews , Edward Grochowski , Chakravarthy Kosaraju
IPC分类号： G06F1210
CPC分类号： G06F12/0891
摘要： The present invention relates to the design of highly reliable high performance microprocessors, and more specifically to designs that use cache memory protection schemes such as, for example, a 1-hot plus valid bit scheme and a 2-hot vector cache scheme. These protection schemes protect the 1-hot vectors used in the tag array in the cache and are designed to provide hardware savings, operate at higher speeds and be simple to implement. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a tag array memory circuit includes a plurality of memory bit circuits coupled together to form an n-bit memory cell, and a valid bit circuit coupled to the n-bit memory cell, the valid bit circuit being configured to be accessed simultaneously with the plurality of memory bit circuits.

8. 发明授权

US06839814B2 Circuit and method for protecting 1-hot and 2-hot vector tags in high performance microprocessors 有权
标题翻译：用于保护高性能微处理器中的1-hot和2-hot矢量标签的电路和方法
公开(公告)号：US06839814B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-04
申请号：US10726492
申请日：2003-12-04
申请人： Nhon Quach , John Crawford , Greg S. Mathews , Edward Grochowski , Chakravarthy Kosaraju
发明人： Nhon Quach , John Crawford , Greg S. Mathews , Edward Grochowski , Chakravarthy Kosaraju
IPC分类号： G06F12/08 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0891
摘要： The present invention relates to the design of highly reliable high performance microprocessors, and more specifically to designs that use cache memory protection schemes such as, for example, a 1-hot plus valid bit scheme and a 2-hot vector cache scheme. These protection schemes protect the 1-hot vectors used in the tag array in the cache and are designed to provide hardware savings, operate at higher speeds and be simple to implement. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a tag array memory including an input conversion circuit to receive a 1-hot vector and to convert the 1-hot vector to a 2-hot vector. The tag array memory also including a memory array coupled to the input conversion circuit, the memory array to store the 2-hot vector; and an output conversion circuit coupled to the memory array, the output conversion circuit to receive the 2-hot vector and to convert the 2-hot vector back to the 1-hot vector.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及高度可靠的高性能微处理器的设计，更具体地说涉及使用高速缓存存储器保护方案（例如，1加热有效位方案和2热向量高速缓存方案）的设计。这些保护方案保护缓存中标签阵列中使用的1-hot向量，并设计为提供硬件节省，以更高的速度运行并且易于实现。根据本发明的一个实施例，一种标签阵列存储器，包括一个输入转换电路，用于接收1个热矢量，并将该1个热矢量转换为2个热矢量。标签阵列存储器还包括耦合到输入转换电路的存储器阵列，存储器阵列以存储2-热矢量; 以及耦合到存储器阵列的输出转换电路，所述输出转换电路接收所述2-热矢量并将所述2-热矢量转换回所述1-热矢量。

9. 发明授权

US06675266B2 Circuit and method for protecting 1-hot and 2-hot vector tags in high performance microprocessors 有权
标题翻译：用于保护高性能微处理器中的1-hot和2-hot矢量标签的电路和方法
公开(公告)号：US06675266B2
公开(公告)日：2004-01-06
申请号：US09750094
申请日：2000-12-29
申请人： Nhon Quach , John Crawford , Greg S. Mathews , Edward Grochowski , Chakravarthy Kosaraju
发明人： Nhon Quach , John Crawford , Greg S. Mathews , Edward Grochowski , Chakravarthy Kosaraju
IPC分类号： G06F1200
CPC分类号： G06F12/0891
摘要： The present invention relates to the design of highly reliable high performance microprocessors, and more specifically to designs that use cache memory protection schemes such as, for example, a 1-hot plus valid bit scheme and a 2-hot vector cache scheme. These protection schemes protect the 1-hot vectors used in the tag array in the cache and are designed to provide hardware savings, operate at higher speeds and be simple to implement. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a tag array memory circuit includes a plurality of memory bit circuits coupled together to form an n-bit memory cell, and a valid bit circuit coupled to the n-bit memory cell, the valid bit circuit being configured to be accessed simultaneously with the plurality of memory bit circuits.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及高度可靠的高性能微处理器的设计，更具体地说涉及使用高速缓存存储器保护方案（例如，1加热有效位方案和2热向量高速缓存方案）的设计。这些保护方案保护缓存中标签阵列中使用的1-hot向量，并且被设计为提供硬件节省，以更高的速度运行并且易于实现。根据本发明的实施例，标签阵列存储电路包括耦合在一起以形成n位存储单元的多个存储器位电路和耦合到n位存储单元的有效位电路，有效位电路被配置为与多个存储器位电路同时访问。

10. 发明授权

US07315920B2 Circuit and method for protecting vector tags in high performance microprocessors 有权
标题翻译：用于保护高性能微处理器中的矢量标签的电路和方法
公开(公告)号：US07315920B2
公开(公告)日：2008-01-01
申请号：US11028293
申请日：2005-01-04
申请人： Nhon Quach , John Crawford , Greg S. Mathews , Edward Grochowski , Chakravarthy Kosaraju
发明人： Nhon Quach , John Crawford , Greg S. Mathews , Edward Grochowski , Chakravarthy Kosaraju
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0891
摘要： The present invention relates to the design of highly reliable high performance microprocessors, and more specifically to designs that use cache memory protection schemes such as, for example, a 1-hot plus valid bit scheme and a 2-hot vector cache scheme. These protection schemes protect the 1-hot vectors used in the tag array in the cache and are designed to provide hardware savings, operate at higher speeds and be simple to implement. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a tag array memory including an input conversion circuit to receive a 1-hot vector and to convert the 1-hot vector to a 2-hot vector. The tag array memory also including a memory array coupled to the input conversion circuit, the memory array to store the 2-hot vector; and an output conversion circuit coupled to the memory array, the output conversion circuit to receive the 2-hot vector and to convert the 2-hot vector back to the 1-hot vector.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及高度可靠的高性能微处理器的设计，更具体地说涉及使用高速缓存存储器保护方案（例如，1加热有效位方案和2热向量高速缓存方案）的设计。这些保护方案保护缓存中标签阵列中使用的1-hot向量，并设计为提供硬件节省，以更高的速度运行并且易于实现。根据本发明的一个实施例，一种标签阵列存储器，包括一个输入转换电路，用于接收1个热矢量，并将该1个热矢量转换为2个热矢量。标签阵列存储器还包括耦合到输入转换电路的存储器阵列，存储器阵列以存储2-热矢量; 以及耦合到存储器阵列的输出转换电路，所述输出转换电路接收所述2-热矢量并将所述2-热矢量转换回所述1-热矢量。

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