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1. 发明申请

US20120073654A1 METHODS FOR FABRICATING PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES BY TUNING THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS 有权
标题翻译：通过调节个体成分的光学性质来制备光伏模块的方法
公开(公告)号：US20120073654A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-29
申请号：US13376015
申请日：2010-06-03
申请人： Barry Ketola , Ann Norris , Nich Powell , Keith McIntosh , James Cotsell
发明人： Barry Ketola , Ann Norris , Nich Powell , Keith McIntosh , James Cotsell
IPC分类号： H01L31/0203 , H01L31/18 , H01L31/0232
CPC分类号： H01L31/048 , B32B17/10018 , B32B17/10798 , H01L31/0481 , H01L31/0547 , H01L31/056 , Y02E10/52
摘要： Methods for fabricating a photovoltaic module, and the resulting photovoltaic module, are provided and include selecting a photovoltaic cell operable to convert photons to electrons, selecting a light transparent superstrate material having a superstrate absorption coefficient and a superstrate refractive index, and selecting an encapsulant having an encapsulant absorption coefficient and an encapsulant refractive index, wherein an absorption coefficient relationship between the superstrate absorption coefficient and the encapsulant absorption coefficient and a refractive index relationship between the superstrate refractive index and the encapsulant refractive index are selected such that there is a gain in efficiency, and assembling the photovoltaic module using the selected materials.
摘要翻译：提供了用于制造光伏模块的方法和所得到的光伏模块，并且包括选择可操作以将光子转换成电子的光伏电池，选择具有覆盖层吸收系数和覆盖层折射率的透明的透明材料，并且选择具有密封剂吸收系数和密封剂折射率，其中，覆盖层吸收系数和密封剂吸收系数之间的吸收系数关系以及覆盖层折射率和密封剂折射率之间的折射率关系被选择为使得效率增益，以及使用所选择的材料组装光伏模块。

2. 发明授权

US08796532B2 Methods for fabricating photovoltaic modules by tuning the optical properties of individual components 有权
标题翻译：通过调整各个部件的光学性能来制造光伏组件的方法
公开(公告)号：US08796532B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-05
申请号：US13376015
申请日：2010-06-03
申请人： Barry Ketola , Ann Norris , Nick Powell , Keith McIntosh , James Cotsell
发明人： Barry Ketola , Ann Norris , Nick Powell , Keith McIntosh , James Cotsell
IPC分类号： H01L31/0203 , H01L31/052 , B32B17/10 , H01L31/048
CPC分类号： H01L31/048 , B32B17/10018 , B32B17/10798 , H01L31/0481 , H01L31/0547 , H01L31/056 , Y02E10/52
摘要： Methods for fabricating a photovoltaic module, and the resulting photovoltaic module, are provided and include selecting a photovoltaic cell operable to convert photons to electrons, selecting a light transparent superstrate material having a superstrate absorption coefficient and a superstrate refractive index, and selecting an encapsulant having an encapsulant absorption coefficient and an encapsulant refractive index, wherein an absorption coefficient relationship between the superstrate absorption coefficient and the encapsulant absorption coefficient and a refractive index relationship between the superstrate refractive index and the encapsulant refractive index are selected such that there is a gain in efficiency, and assembling the photovoltaic module using the selected materials.
摘要翻译：提供了用于制造光伏模块的方法和所得到的光伏模块，并且包括选择可操作以将光子转换成电子的光伏电池，选择具有覆盖层吸收系数和覆盖层折射率的透明的透明材料，并且选择具有密封剂吸收系数和密封剂折射率，其中，覆盖层吸收系数和密封剂吸收系数之间的吸收系数关系以及覆盖层折射率和密封剂折射率之间的折射率关系被选择为使得效率增益，以及使用所选择的材料组装光伏模块。

3. 发明授权

US07339110B1 Solar cell and method of manufacture 有权
标题翻译：太阳能电池及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US07339110B1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-04
申请号：US10412638
申请日：2003-04-10
申请人： William P. Mulligan , Michael J. Cudzinovic , Thomas Pass , David Smith , Neil Kaminar , Keith McIntosh , Richard M. Swanson
发明人： William P. Mulligan , Michael J. Cudzinovic , Thomas Pass , David Smith , Neil Kaminar , Keith McIntosh , Richard M. Swanson
IPC分类号： H01L31/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/022441 , H01L31/0682 , H01L31/1804 , Y02E10/547 , Y02P70/521
摘要： A solar cell that is readily manufactured using processing techniques which are less expensive than microelectronic circuit processing. In preferred embodiments, printing techniques are utilized in selectively forming masks for use in etching of silicon oxide and diffusing dopants and in forming metal contacts to diffused regions. In a preferred embodiment, p-doped regions and n-doped regions are alternately formed in a surface of the wafer in offset levels through use of masking and etching techniques. Metal contacts are made to the p-regions and n-regions by first forming a seed layer stack that comprises a first layer such as aluminum that contacts silicon and functions as an infrared reflector, second layer such titanium tungsten that acts as diffusion barrier, and a third layer functions as a plating base. A thick conductive layer such as copper is then plated over the seed layer, and the seed layer between plated lines is removed. A front surface of the wafer is preferably textured by etching or mechanical abrasion with an antireflection layer provided over the textured surface. A field layer can be provided in the textured surface with the combined effect being a very low surface recombination velocity.
摘要翻译：使用比微电子电路处理便宜的处理技术容易地制造的太阳能电池。在优选实施例中，打印技术用于选择性地形成用于蚀刻氧化硅和扩散掺杂剂以及形成向扩散区域的金属接触的掩模。在优选实施例中，通过使用掩模和蚀刻技术，以偏移水平交替地在晶片的表面中形成p掺杂区域和n掺杂区域。通过首先形成包含与硅接触的第一层（例如铝）并用作红外反射器的第二层，作为扩散阻挡的第二层这样的钛钨，首先形成种子层堆叠，从而对p区和n区进行金属接触，以及第三层起镀层的作用。然后将诸如铜的厚导电层电镀在种子层上，并且移除电镀线之间的种子层。晶片的前表面优选通过蚀刻或机械磨蚀而被纹理化，其中抗反射层设置在纹理表面上。可以在纹理化表面中提供场层，其组合效果是非常低的表面复合速度。

4. 发明授权

US07897867B1 Solar cell and method of manufacture 有权
标题翻译：太阳能电池及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US07897867B1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-01
申请号：US12069993
申请日：2008-02-13
申请人： William P. Mulligan , Michael J. Cudzinovic , Thomas Pass , David Smith , Neil Kaminar , Keith McIntosh , Richard M. Swanson
发明人： William P. Mulligan , Michael J. Cudzinovic , Thomas Pass , David Smith , Neil Kaminar , Keith McIntosh , Richard M. Swanson
IPC分类号： H01L31/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/022441 , H01L31/0682 , H01L31/1804 , Y02E10/547 , Y02P70/521
摘要： A solar cell that is readily manufactured using processing techniques which are less expensive than microelectronic circuit processing. In preferred embodiments, printing techniques are utilized in selectively forming masks for use in etching of silicon oxide and diffusing dopants and in forming metal contacts to diffused regions. In a preferred embodiment, p-doped regions and n-doped regions are alternately formed in a surface of the wafer through use of masking and etching techniques. Metal contacts are made to the p-regions and n-regions by first forming a seed layer stack that comprises a first layer such as aluminum that contacts silicon and functions as an infrared reflector, second layer such titanium tungsten that acts as diffusion barrier, and a third layer functions as a plating base. A thick conductive layer such as copper is then plated over the seed layer, and the seed layer between plated lines is removed. A front surface of the wafer is preferably textured by etching or mechanical abrasion with an IR reflection layer provided over the textured surface. A field layer can be provided in the textured surface with the combined effect being a very low surface recombination velocity.
摘要翻译：使用比微电子电路处理便宜的处理技术容易地制造的太阳能电池。在优选实施例中，打印技术用于选择性地形成用于蚀刻氧化硅和扩散掺杂剂以及形成向扩散区域的金属接触的掩模。在优选实施例中，通过使用掩模和蚀刻技术，在晶片的表面中交替地形成p掺杂区域和n掺杂区域。通过首先形成包含与硅接触的第一层（例如铝）并用作红外反射器的第二层，作为扩散阻挡的第二层这样的钛钨，首先形成种子层堆叠，从而对p区和n区进行金属接触，以及第三层起镀层的作用。然后将诸如铜的厚导电层电镀在种子层上，并且移除电镀线之间的种子层。晶片的前表面优选通过蚀刻或机械磨蚀而被纹理化，其中IR反射层设置在纹理表面上。可以在纹理化表面中提供场层，其组合效果是非常低的表面复合速度。

5. 发明授权

US07883343B1 Method of manufacturing solar cell 有权
标题翻译：制造太阳能电池的方法
公开(公告)号：US07883343B1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-08
申请号：US11692657
申请日：2007-03-28
申请人： William P. Mulligan , Michael J. Cudzinovic , Thomas Pass , David Smith , Neil Kaminar , Keith McIntosh , Richard M. Swanson
发明人： William P. Mulligan , Michael J. Cudzinovic , Thomas Pass , David Smith , Neil Kaminar , Keith McIntosh , Richard M. Swanson
IPC分类号： H01L21/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/022441 , H01L31/0682 , H01L31/1804 , Y02E10/547 , Y02P70/521
摘要： A solar cell that is readily manufactured using processing techniques which are less expensive than microelectronic circuit processing. In preferred embodiments, printing techniques are utilized in selectively forming masks for use in etching of silicon oxide and diffusing dopants and in forming metal contacts to diffused regions. In a preferred embodiment, p-doped regions and n-doped regions are alternately formed in a surface of the wafer through use of masking and etching techniques. Metal contacts are made to the p-regions and n-regions by first forming a seed layer stack that comprises a first layer such as aluminum that contacts silicon and functions as an infrared reflector, second layer such titanium tungsten that acts as diffusion barrier, and a third layer functions as a plating base. A thick conductive layer such as copper is then plated over the seed layer, and the seed layer between plated lines is removed. A front surface of the wafer is preferably textured by etching or mechanical abrasion with an IR reflection layer provided over the textured surface. A field layer can be provided in the textured surface with the combined effect being a very low surface recombination velocity.
摘要翻译：使用比微电子电路处理便宜的处理技术容易地制造的太阳能电池。在优选实施例中，打印技术用于选择性地形成用于蚀刻氧化硅和扩散掺杂剂以及形成向扩散区域的金属接触的掩模。在优选实施例中，通过使用掩模和蚀刻技术，在晶片的表面中交替地形成p掺杂区域和n掺杂区域。通过首先形成包含与硅接触的第一层（例如铝）并用作红外反射器的第二层，作为扩散阻挡的第二层这样的钛钨，首先形成种子层堆叠，从而对p区和n区进行金属接触，以及第三层起镀层的作用。然后将诸如铜的厚导电层电镀在种子层上，并且移除电镀线之间的种子层。晶片的前表面优选通过蚀刻或机械磨蚀而被纹理化，其中IR反射层设置在纹理表面上。可以在纹理化表面中提供场层，其组合效果是非常低的表面复合速度。

6. 发明授权

US08399287B1 Method of manufacturing solar cell 有权
标题翻译：制造太阳能电池的方法
公开(公告)号：US08399287B1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-19
申请号：US13013628
申请日：2011-01-25
申请人： William P. Mulligan , Michael J. Cudzinovic , Thomas Pass , David D. Smith , Neil Kaminar , Keith McIntosh , Richard M. Swanson
发明人： William P. Mulligan , Michael J. Cudzinovic , Thomas Pass , David D. Smith , Neil Kaminar , Keith McIntosh , Richard M. Swanson
IPC分类号： H01L21/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/022441 , H01L31/0682 , H01L31/1804 , Y02E10/547 , Y02P70/521
摘要： A solar cell that is readily manufactured using processing techniques which are less expensive than microelectronic circuit processing. In preferred embodiments, printing techniques are utilized in selectively forming masks for use in etching of silicon oxide and diffusing dopants and in forming metal contacts to diffused regions. In a preferred embodiment, p-doped regions and n-doped regions are alternately formed in a surface of the wafer through use of masking and etching techniques. Metal contacts are made to the p-regions and n-regions by first forming a seed layer stack that comprises a first layer such as aluminum that contacts silicon and functions as an infrared reflector, second layer such titanium tungsten that acts as diffusion barrier, and a third layer functions as a plating base. A thick conductive layer such as copper is then plated over the seed layer, and the seed layer between plated lines is removed. A front surface of the wafer is preferably textured by etching or mechanical abrasion with an IR reflection layer provided over the textured surface. A field layer can be provided in the textured surface with the combined effect being a very low surface recombination velocity.
摘要翻译：使用比微电子电路处理便宜的处理技术容易地制造的太阳能电池。在优选实施例中，打印技术用于选择性地形成用于蚀刻氧化硅和扩散掺杂剂以及形成向扩散区域的金属接触的掩模。在优选实施例中，通过使用掩模和蚀刻技术，在晶片的表面中交替地形成p掺杂区域和n掺杂区域。通过首先形成包含与硅接触的第一层（例如铝）并用作红外反射器的第二层，作为扩散阻挡的第二层这样的钛钨，首先形成种子层堆叠，从而对p区和n区进行金属接触，以及第三层起镀层的作用。然后将诸如铜的厚导电层电镀在种子层上，并且移除电镀线之间的种子层。晶片的前表面优选通过蚀刻或机械磨蚀而被纹理化，其中IR反射层设置在纹理表面上。可以在纹理化表面中提供场层，其组合效果是非常低的表面复合速度。

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