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1. 发明授权

US07595124B2 Integrated fuel cell hybrid power plant with controlled oxidant flow for combustion of spent fuel 失效
标题翻译：具有受控氧化剂流量的燃料电池混合动力发电厂用于乏燃料燃烧
公开(公告)号：US07595124B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-29
申请号：US10681704
申请日：2003-10-09
申请人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Debashis Dey
发明人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Debashis Dey
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04111 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04708 , H01M8/04738 , H01M8/04776 , H01M8/0612 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2250/407 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E60/563 , Y02P90/40
摘要： A hybrid power generation system for generating electrical power comprises a compressor for producing a compressed oxidant and a recuperator in flow communication with the compressor. The hybrid power generation system further comprises a fuel cell assembly comprising a plurality of fuel cells in flow communication with the recuperator to provide the compressed oxidant for the fuel cell assembly. The hybrid power generation system further comprises a tail gas burner in flow communication with the fuel cell assembly. A control system is used for controlling the amount of cathode exhaust stream introduced in the tail gas burner for stable combustion and reduction of fuel and carbon monoxide emission. The hot compressed gas from the tail gas burner is introduced to a turbine, where the hot compressed gas is expanded, thereby producing electrical power and an expanded gas.
摘要翻译：用于产生电力的混合动力发电系统包括用于生产压缩氧化剂的压缩机和与压缩机流动连通的换热器。混合动力发电系统还包括燃料电池组件，该燃料电池组件包括多个燃料电池，其与该换热器流体连通以提供用于燃料电池组件的压缩氧化剂。混合发电系统还包括与燃料电池组件流动连通的尾气燃烧器。控制系统用于控制引入尾气燃烧器中的阴极排气流的量，用于稳定燃烧和减少燃料和一氧化碳排放。来自尾气燃烧器的热压缩气体被引入涡轮机，其中热压缩气体膨胀，从而产生电力和膨胀气体。

2. 发明申请

US20050079395A1 Integrated fuel cell hybrid power plant with controlled oxidant flow for combustion of spent fuel 失效
标题翻译：具有受控氧化剂流量的燃料电池混合动力发电厂用于乏燃料燃烧
公开(公告)号：US20050079395A1
公开(公告)日：2005-04-14
申请号：US10681704
申请日：2003-10-09
申请人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Debashis Dey
发明人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Debashis Dey
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/12
CPC分类号： H01M8/04111 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04708 , H01M8/04738 , H01M8/04776 , H01M8/0612 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2250/407 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E60/563 , Y02P90/40
摘要： A hybrid power generation system for generating electrical power comprises a compressor for producing a compressed oxidant and a recuperator in flow communication with the compressor. The hybrid power generation system further comprises a fuel cell assembly comprising a plurality of fuel cells in flow communication with the recuperator to provide the compressed oxidant for the fuel cell assembly. The fuel cell assembly further comprises a cathode inlet for receiving the compressed oxidant, an anode inlet for receiving a fuel stream, an anode outlet in flow communication with an anode exhaust stream and a cathode outlet in flow communication with a cathode exhaust stream, wherein at least a portion of the fuel reacts with the oxidant to produce electrical power. The hybrid power generation system further comprises a tail gas burner in flow communication with the anode outlet and the cathode outlet. The tail gas burner is configured for combusting a mixture of at least a portion of the anode exhaust stream and at least a portion of the cathode exhaust stream and producing a hot compressed gas. A control system is used for controlling the amount of the cathode exhaust stream introduced in the tail gas burner for stable combustion and reduction of fuel and carbon monoxide emission. The hot compressed gas from the tail gas burner is introduced to a turbine, where the hot compressed gas is expanded, thereby producing electrical power and an expanded gas.
摘要翻译：用于产生电力的混合动力发电系统包括用于生产压缩氧化剂的压缩机和与压缩机流动连通的换热器。混合动力发电系统还包括燃料电池组件，该燃料电池组件包括多个燃料电池，其与该换热器流体连通以提供用于燃料电池组件的压缩氧化剂。燃料电池组件还包括用于接收压缩氧化剂的阴极入口，用于接收燃料流的阳极入口，与阳极废气流流动连通的阳极出口和与阴极排气流流动连通的阴极出口，其中在燃料的至少一部分与氧化剂反应产生电力。混合发电系统还包括与阳极出口和阴极出口流动连通的尾气燃烧器。尾气燃烧器被配置用于燃烧阳极废气流的至少一部分和阴极废气流的至少一部分的混合物并产生热压缩气体。控制系统用于控制引入尾气燃烧器中的阴极排气流的量，用于稳定燃烧和减少燃料和一氧化碳排放。来自尾气燃烧器的热压缩气体被引入涡轮机，其中热压缩气体膨胀，从而产生电力和膨胀气体。

3. 发明授权

US07802434B2 Systems and processes for reducing NOx emissions 有权
标题翻译：减少NOx排放的系统和流程
公开(公告)号：US07802434B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-28
申请号：US11641643
申请日：2006-12-18
申请人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Andrei Tristan Evulet , Ravi Kumar Vipperla
发明人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Andrei Tristan Evulet , Ravi Kumar Vipperla
IPC分类号： F02C6/18
CPC分类号： F02C1/002 , B01D53/047 , B01D53/77 , B01D2257/504
摘要： A system for reducing NOx emissions, includes a reformer configured to receive a fuel and produce a hydrogen-enriched stream, a combustion system configured to burn the hydrogen enriched-stream and produce electricity and an exhaust stream, and a recuperator configured to recover heat from the exhaust stream, wherein the recovered heat is recycled back to the reformer.
摘要翻译：一种用于减少NOx排放的系统，包括配置成接收燃料并产生富氢流的重整器，被配置为燃烧富氢流并产生电力和排气流的燃烧系统以及被配置为从废气流，其中回收的热被循环回到重整器。

4. 发明授权

US07650744B2 Systems and methods of reducing NOx emissions in gas turbine systems and internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：减少燃气轮机系统和内燃机NOx排放的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07650744B2
公开(公告)日：2010-01-26
申请号：US11388466
申请日：2006-03-24
申请人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Michael John Bowman
发明人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Michael John Bowman
IPC分类号： F02B43/00
CPC分类号： F02C1/002 , F02C3/20 , F05D2270/082 , Y02T50/677
摘要： A gas turbine systems of reducing NOX emissions and enhancing operability comprises a compressor; a combustor disposed downstream of and in fluid communication with the compressor; a turbine assembly disposed down stream of and in fluid communication with the combustor; an oxygen-enriched gas source disposed in selective fluid communication with the compressor, the combustor, or a combination of the foregoing, wherein the oxygen-enriched gas source is a pressure swing absorption system, an electrolyzer, or a membrane reactor.
摘要翻译：一种减少NOx排放并提高可操作性的燃气轮机系统包括：压缩机; 设置在压缩机下游并与压缩机流体连通的燃烧器; 涡轮组件，其布置在燃烧器的下游并与燃烧器流体连通; 设置成与压缩机，燃烧器或前述的组合选择性流体连通的富氧气体源，其中富氧气体源是变压吸收系统，电解器或膜反应器。

5. 发明申请

US20080141643A1 Systems and processes for reducing NOx emissions 有权
标题翻译：减少NOx排放的系统和流程
公开(公告)号：US20080141643A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-19
申请号：US11641643
申请日：2006-12-18
申请人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Andrei Tristan Evulet , Ravi Kumar Vipperla
发明人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Andrei Tristan Evulet , Ravi Kumar Vipperla
IPC分类号： F02C7/08
CPC分类号： F02C1/002 , B01D53/047 , B01D53/77 , B01D2257/504
摘要： A system for reducing NOx emissions, includes a reformer configured to receive a fuel and produce a hydrogen-enriched stream, a combustion system configured to burn the hydrogen enriched-stream and produce electricity and an exhaust stream, and a recuperator configured to recover heat from the exhaust stream, wherein the recovered heat is recycled back to the reformer.
摘要翻译：一种用于减少NOx排放的系统包括配置成接收燃料并产生富氢流的重整器，配置成燃烧富氢流并产生电力和排气流的燃烧系统，以及配置成从废气流中回收热量的回热器，其中回收的热被循环回到重整器。

6. 发明申请

US20050144961A1 System and method for cogeneration of hydrogen and electricity 审中-公开
标题翻译：氢电联产系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US20050144961A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-07
申请号：US10745356
申请日：2003-12-24
申请人： Andrei Colibaba-Evulet , Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan
发明人： Andrei Colibaba-Evulet , Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan
IPC分类号： C01B3/38 , C01B3/48 , C01B3/50 , C01B3/56 , H01M8/06 , F02C3/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/36 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0216 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0255 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/04 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/046 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/06 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/1205 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/84 , Y02E20/14 , Y02E50/11 , Y02P20/129 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P30/30 , Y02T50/678
摘要： A system for the cogeneration of electricity and hydrogen comprising at least one primary combustion system for burning a fuel rich mixture and producing partially oxidized combustion products rich in hydrogen. The system further comprises at least one injection system for injecting fuel and steam into the partially oxidized combustion products producing a mixed product stream. The mixed product stream is reformed in a reformer to produce a hydrogen enriched stream. At least a portion of the hydrogen enriched stream is burned in a secondary combustion system to produce electricity, and at least a second portion of the hydrogen enriched stream is sent to a hydrogen processing system to produce hydrogen therefrom.
摘要翻译：一种用于电和氢热生产的系统，包括至少一个用于燃烧富燃料混合物的初级燃烧系统和产生富含氢的部分氧化的燃烧产物。该系统还包括至少一个注射系统，用于将燃料和蒸汽喷射到产生混合产物流的部分氧化的燃烧产物中。将混合的产物流在重整器中重整以产生富氢流。至少一部分富氢物流在二次燃烧系统中燃烧以产生电力，并且富氢物流的至少第二部分被送至氢处理系统以从其产生氢气。

7. 发明申请

US20070220896A1 Systems and methods of reducing NOx emissions in gas turbine systems and internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：减少燃气轮机系统和内燃机NOx排放的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20070220896A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-27
申请号：US11388466
申请日：2006-03-24
申请人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Michael Bowman
发明人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Chellappa Balan , Michael Bowman
IPC分类号： F02C1/00
CPC分类号： F02C1/002 , F02C3/20 , F05D2270/082 , Y02T50/677
摘要： A gas turbine systems of reducing NOx emissions and enhancing operability comprises a compressor; a combustor disposed downstream of and in fluid communication with the compressor; a turbine assembly disposed down stream of and in fluid communication with the combustor; an oxygen-enriched gas source disposed in selective fluid communication with the compressor, the combustor, or a combination of the foregoing, wherein the oxygen-enriched gas source is a pressure swing absorption system, an electrolyzer, or a membrane reactor.
摘要翻译：一种减少NO x排放和提高可操作性的燃气轮机系统包括压缩机; 设置在压缩机下游并与压缩机流体连通的燃烧器; 涡轮组件，其布置在燃烧器的下游并与燃烧器流体连通; 设置成与压缩机，燃烧器或前述的组合选择性流体连通的富氧气体源，其中富氧气体源是变压吸收系统，电解器或膜反应器。

8. 发明申请

US20100011771A1 COANDA INJECTION SYSTEM FOR AXIALLY STAGED LOW EMISSION COMBUSTORS 失效
标题翻译：用于轴向低排放燃烧器的COANDA注射系统
公开(公告)号：US20100011771A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-21
申请号：US12175050
申请日：2008-07-17
申请人： Andrei Tristan Evulet , Balachandar Varatharajan , Gilbert Otto Kraemer , Ahmed Mostafa Elkady , Benjamin Paul Lacy
发明人： Andrei Tristan Evulet , Balachandar Varatharajan , Gilbert Otto Kraemer , Ahmed Mostafa Elkady , Benjamin Paul Lacy
IPC分类号： F02C7/22 , F02C7/00 , F02C7/228
CPC分类号： F23R3/34 , F23R3/286
摘要： The low emission combustor includes a combustor housing defining a combustion chamber having a plurality of combustion zones. A liner sleeve is disposed in the combustion housing with a gap formed between the liner sleeve and the combustor housing. A secondary nozzle is disposed along a centerline of the combustion chamber and configured to inject a first fluid comprising air, at least one diluent, fuel, or combinations thereof to a downstream side of a first combustion zone among the plurality of combustion zones. A plurality of primary fuel nozzles is disposed proximate to an upstream side of the combustion chamber and located around the secondary nozzle and configured to inject a second fluid comprising air and fuel to an upstream side of the first combustion zone. The combustor also includes a plurality of tertiary coanda nozzles. Each tertiary coanda nozzle is coupled to a respective dilution hole. The tertiary coanda nozzles are configured to inject a third fluid comprising air, at least one other diluent, fuel, or combinations thereof to one or more remaining combustion zones among the plurality of combustion zones.
摘要翻译：低排放燃烧器包括限定具有多个燃烧区域的燃烧室的燃烧器壳体。衬套套筒设置在燃烧壳体中，在衬套和燃烧器壳体之间形成间隙。辅助喷嘴沿着燃烧室的中心线布置，并被配置为将多个燃烧区中的第一燃烧区域的第一流体喷射到第一燃烧区域的下游侧，该第一流体包括空气，至少一种稀释剂，燃料或其组合。多个主要燃料喷嘴设置在燃烧室的上游侧附近并且位于二次喷嘴周围，并被配置为将包含空气和燃料的第二流体喷射到第一燃烧区域的上游侧。燃烧器还包括多个三级共挤出喷嘴。每个三级共挤出喷嘴连接到相应的稀释孔。三级大空中喷嘴构造成将包括空气，至少一种其它稀释剂，燃料或其组合的第三流体喷射到多个燃烧区域中的一个或多个剩余燃烧区域。

9. 发明申请

US20070130830A1 Staged combustion for a fuel reformer 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于燃料重整器的分段燃烧
公开(公告)号：US20070130830A1
公开(公告)日：2007-06-14
申请号：US11302658
申请日：2005-12-14
申请人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Venkat Tangirala , Joel Haynes , Anthony Dean
发明人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Venkat Tangirala , Joel Haynes , Anthony Dean
IPC分类号： B01J8/00
CPC分类号： B01J12/007 , B01J12/00 , B01J19/249 , B01J2219/0004 , B01J2219/2453 , B01J2219/2466 , B01J2219/247 , B01J2219/2479 , C01B3/363 , C01B3/386 , C01B2203/025 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107
摘要： A multi-stage combustion fuel reformer (20) wherein heat energy from a leaner-burning stage (22) is used to accelerate the fuel reforming kinetics of a richer-burning stage (28). The two stages may be axially arranged (36) or radially arranged (50) with respect to each other. Both stages (64, 66) may utilize gas-phase combustion; or both stages (78, 82) may utilized catalytic combustion; or both gas-phase ((90) and catalytic combustion (92) may be used together. The multi-stage reformer (112) may form part of a gas-to-liquid fuel reforming system (110).
摘要翻译：多级燃烧燃料重整器（20），其中使用来自较冷燃烧级（22）的热能来加速更加燃烧的燃料级（28）的燃料重整动力学。两个阶段可以相对于彼此轴向地布置（36）或径向布置（50）。两级（64,66）可以利用气相燃烧; 或两级（78,82）可以使用催化燃烧; 或者可以一起使用气相（（90）和催化燃烧（92）），多级重整器（112）可以形成气体 - 液体燃料重整系统（110）的一部分。

10. 发明授权

US08240150B2 Lean direct injection diffusion tip and related method 有权
标题翻译：精益直接注射扩散尖及相关方法
公开(公告)号：US08240150B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-14
申请号：US12222423
申请日：2008-08-08
申请人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Willy S. Ziminsky , John Lipinski , Gilbert O. Kraemer , Ertan Yilmaz , Benjamin Lacy
发明人： Balachandar Varatharajan , Willy S. Ziminsky , John Lipinski , Gilbert O. Kraemer , Ertan Yilmaz , Benjamin Lacy
IPC分类号： F02C1/00 , F02G3/00
CPC分类号： F23R3/14 , F23D2900/00008 , F23D2900/14004 , F23R3/286 , F23R3/343
摘要： A nozzle for a gas turbine combustor includes a first radially outer tube defining a first passage having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet adapted to supply air to a reaction zone of the combustor. A center body is located within the first radially outer tube, the center body including a second radially intermediate tube for supplying fuel to the reaction zone and a third radially inner tube for supplying air to the reaction zone. The second intermediate tube has a first outlet end closed by a first end wall that is formed with a plurality of substantially parallel, axially-oriented air outlet passages for the additional air in the third radially inner tube, each air outlet passage having a respective plurality of associated fuel outlet passages in the first end wall for the fuel in the second radially intermediate tube. The respective plurality of associated fuel outlet passages have non-parallel center axes that intersect a center axis of the respective air outlet passage to locally mix fuel and air exiting said center body.
摘要翻译：用于燃气轮机燃烧器的喷嘴包括限定具有入口和出口的第一通道的第一径向外管，该入口适于将空气供应到燃烧器的反应区。中心体位于第一径向外管内，中心体包括用于向反应区供应燃料的第二径向中间管和用于向反应区供应空气的第三径向内管。第二中间管具有由第一端壁封闭的第一出口端，第一端壁形成有用于第三径向内管中的附加空气的多个基本上平行的轴向定向的空气出口通道，每个空气出口通道具有相应的多个在第二径向中间管中用于燃料的第一端壁中的相关燃料出口通道。相应的多个相关联的燃料出口通道具有与相应空气出口通道的中心轴线相交的非平行的中心轴线，以局部混合离开所述中心体的燃料和空气。

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