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1. 发明申请

US20080075991A1 Monitoring and control of fuel cell purge to emit non-flammable exhaust streams 审中-公开
标题翻译：监测和控制燃料电池吹扫以发出不可燃废气流
公开(公告)号：US20080075991A1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-27
申请号：US11527081
申请日：2006-09-25
申请人： Arne LaVen , Alan Menard , Curtiss Renn , Douglas B. Suckow
发明人： Arne LaVen , Alan Menard , Curtiss Renn , Douglas B. Suckow
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/0662 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04462 , H01M8/0447 , H01M8/04589 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04805
摘要： Systems and methods for monitoring and/or controlling fuel cell exhaust to provide a non-flammable exhaust stream. In some embodiments, operation of the fuel cell system is regulated to provide an exhaust stream that has a maximum flammability that is less than a predetermined fractional threshold of the lower flammability limit for the gases contained therein. In some embodiments, the systems and methods utilize the current produced by the fuel cell, or fuel cell stack, to monitor and/or regulate the flammability of the fuel cell exhaust stream. In some embodiments, the fuel cell system includes one or more controllers that are adapted to monitor the flammability of the exhaust stream from the fuel cell stack and/or to regulate the operation of the fuel cell system responsive thereto. In some embodiments, the operation and/or duty cycle of at least an anode purge valve is regulated or controlled responsive to the measured current.
摘要翻译：用于监测和/或控制燃料电池排气以提供不可燃排气流的系统和方法。在一些实施例中，调节燃料电池系统的操作以提供排气流，其具有小于其中所含气体的较低可燃性极限的预定分数阈值的最大可燃性。在一些实施例中，系统和方法利用由燃料电池或燃料电池堆产生的电流来监测和/或调节燃料电池排气流的可燃性。在一些实施例中，燃料电池系统包括适于监测来自燃料电池堆的废气流的可燃性和/或响应于此来调节燃料电池系统的操作的一个或多个控制器。在一些实施例中，响应于测量的电流来调节或控制至少阳极吹扫阀的操作和/或占空比。

2. 发明授权

US08790618B2 Systems and methods for initiating operation of pressure swing adsorption systems and hydrogen-producing fuel processing systems incorporating the same 有权
标题翻译：用于启动变压吸附系统操作的系统和方法以及包含该变压吸附系统的制氢燃料处理系统
公开(公告)号：US08790618B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-29
申请号：US12963530
申请日：2010-12-08
申请人： Patton M. Adams , James A. Givens , Arne LaVen , Sudha Rani LaVen , Curtiss Renn
发明人： Patton M. Adams , James A. Givens , Arne LaVen , Sudha Rani LaVen , Curtiss Renn
IPC分类号： C01B3/02 , C10J3/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/047 , B01D2256/16 , B01D2259/40001 , B01D2259/40007 , C01B3/34 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0227 , C01B2203/025 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/0445 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066
摘要： Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) assemblies with optimized startup times, as well as to hydrogen-generation assemblies and/or fuel cell systems containing the same, and methods of operating the same. Startup and shutdown methods for a PSA assembly, and optionally an associated fuel processing system, are disclosed to provide for shortened startup times. The PSA assemblies may be in fluid communication with a hydrogen source that may be used or otherwise configured or controlled to purge the PSA adsorbent columns of adsorbents during startup and/or shutdown procedures, the hydrogen source additionally or alternatively may be used or otherwise configured or controlled to charge the columns with hydrogen for idling in a pressurized state. The use of this hydrogen source, together with specific startup and shutdown methodologies, provides for reducing the startup time of the PSA assembly.
摘要翻译：具有优化启动时间的变压吸附（PSA）组件，以及含有其的氢发生组件和/或燃料电池系统及其操作方法。公开了用于PSA组件和可选的相关联的燃料处理系统的启动和关闭方法以提供缩短的启动时间。 PSA组件可以与氢源流体连通，氢源可以在启动和/或关闭过程期间使用或以其他方式配置或控制以清除吸附剂的PSA吸附剂柱，氢源可另外或替代地被使用或以其他方式配置或控制用氢气充填柱，以在加压状态下空转。使用这种氢源以及特定的启动和关闭方法可以减少PSA组件的启动时间。

3. 发明申请

US20110150756A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR INITIATING OPERATION OF PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION SYSTEMS AND HYDROGEN-PRODUCING FUEL PROCESSING SYSTEMS INCORPORATING THE SAME 有权
标题翻译：用于启动压力驱动系统的运行的系统和方法以及与其同时生产的燃料加工系统
公开(公告)号：US20110150756A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-23
申请号：US12963530
申请日：2010-12-08
申请人： Patton M. Adams , James A. Givens , Arne Laven , Sudha Rani Laven , Curtiss Renn
发明人： Patton M. Adams , James A. Givens , Arne Laven , Sudha Rani Laven , Curtiss Renn
IPC分类号： C01B3/08 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/04 , B01J8/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/047 , B01D2256/16 , B01D2259/40001 , B01D2259/40007 , C01B3/34 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0227 , C01B2203/025 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/0445 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066
摘要： Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) assemblies with optimized startup times, as well as to hydrogen-generation assemblies and/or fuel cell systems containing the same, and methods of operating the same. Startup and shutdown methods for a PSA assembly, and optionally an associated fuel processing system, are disclosed to provide for shortened startup times. The PSA assemblies may be in fluid communication with a hydrogen source that may be used or otherwise configured or controlled to purge the PSA adsorbent columns of adsorbents during startup and/or shutdown procedures, the hydrogen source additionally or alternatively may be used or otherwise configured or controlled to charge the columns with hydrogen for idling in a pressurized state. The use of this hydrogen source, together with specific startup and shutdown methodologies, provides for reducing the startup time of the PSA assembly.
摘要翻译：具有优化启动时间的变压吸附（PSA）组件，以及含有其的氢发生组件和/或燃料电池系统及其操作方法。公开了用于PSA组件和可选的相关联的燃料处理系统的启动和关闭方法以提供缩短的启动时间。 PSA组件可以与氢源流体连通，氢源可以在启动和/或关闭过程期间使用或以其他方式配置或控制以清除吸附剂的PSA吸附剂柱，氢源可另外或替代地被使用或以其他方式配置或控制用氢气充填柱，以在加压状态下空转。使用这种氢源以及特定的启动和关闭方法可以减少PSA组件的启动时间。

4. 发明申请

US20070044657A1 Fuel cell systems and methods for passively increasing hydrogen recovery through vacuum-assisted pressure swing adsorption 审中-公开
标题翻译：燃料电池系统和方法，通过真空辅助变压吸附来被动地增加氢的回收
公开(公告)号：US20070044657A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-01
申请号：US11219169
申请日：2005-09-01
申请人： Arne LaVen , Curtiss Renn
发明人： Arne LaVen , Curtiss Renn
IPC分类号： B01D53/02
CPC分类号： B01D53/047 , B01D53/0476 , B01D2256/16 , B01D2258/0208 , B01D2259/403 , B01D2259/404 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/025 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/0445 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/06 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0827 , C01B2203/0833 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/1217 , C01B2203/1223 , C01B2203/1229 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1252 , C01B2203/146 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0662 , Y02P20/123 , Y02P20/57
摘要： PSA assemblies with at least one energy recovery assembly, as well as hydrogen-generation assemblies and/or fuel cell systems containing the same, and methods of operating the same. The energy recovery assemblies are configured to recover mechanical energy from the product hydrogen stream and to apply the recovered mechanical energy to one or more components of the PSA assembly, the hydrogen-generation assembly, and/or the energy producing system. In some embodiments, the energy recovery assembly includes a gas motor configured to recover mechanical energy from the product hydrogen stream produced by the PSA assembly. In some embodiments, the gas motor operates among a plurality of operating states based, at least in part, on the pressure of the product hydrogen stream. In some embodiments, the energy recovery assembly is configured to apply the recovered mechanical energy to at least a vacuum pump.
摘要翻译：具有至少一个能量回收组件的PSA组件以及含有该能量回收组件的氢发生组件和/或燃料电池系统及其操作方法。能量回收组件被构造成从产物氢气流中回收机械能并将回收的机械能施加到PSA组件，氢气发生组件和/或能量产生系统的一个或多个组件。在一些实施例中，能量回收组件包括配置成从PSA组件产生的产物氢气流中回收机械能的气体马达。在一些实施例中，气体马达至少部分地基于产物氢流的压力在多个操作状态之间运行。在一些实施例中，能量回收组件被配置为将恢复的机械能施加到至少一个真空泵。

5. 发明授权

US07662195B2 Methanol steam reforming catalysts, steam reformers, and fuel cell systems incorporating the same 有权
标题翻译：甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂，蒸汽重整器和结合其的燃料电池系统
公开(公告)号：US07662195B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-16
申请号：US11474024
申请日：2006-06-23
申请人： Curtiss Renn
发明人： Curtiss Renn
IPC分类号： B01J8/00 , B01J7/00 , H01M8/06 , C01B3/36 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/54 , B01J23/00 , B01J23/06 , B01J23/70
CPC分类号： C01B3/501 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/0496 , B01J23/02 , B01J23/06 , B01J23/26 , B01J2208/00495 , B01J2208/0053 , C01B3/326 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/041 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/1076 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0662 , Y02P20/52
摘要： Methanol steam reforming catalysts, and steam reformers and fuel cell systems incorporating the same. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst includes zinc oxide as an active component. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst further includes at least one of chromium oxide and calcium aluminate. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst is not pyrophoric. Similarly, in some embodiments, steam reformers including a reforming catalyst according to the present disclosure may include an air-permeable or air-accessible reforming catalyst bed. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst is not reduced during use. In some embodiments, the methanol reforming catalysts are not active at temperatures below 275° C. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst includes a sulfur-absorbent material. Steam reformers, reforming systems, fuel cell systems and methods of using the reforming catalysts are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂，以及蒸汽重整器和结合其的燃料电池系统。在一些实施方案中，甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂包括氧化锌作为活性组分。在一些实施方案中，甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂还包括氧化铬和铝酸钙中的至少一种。在一些实施方案中，甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂不是自燃的。类似地，在一些实施方案中，包括根据本公开的重整催化剂的蒸汽重整器可以包括透气或空气可接近的重整催化剂床。在一些实施方案中，甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂在使用期间不减少。在一些实施方案中，甲醇重整催化剂在低于275℃的温度下不起作用。在一些实施方案中，甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂包括吸硫材料。还公开了蒸汽重整器，重整系统，燃料电池系统和使用重整催化剂的方法。

6. 发明授权

US08696772B2 Steam reforming fuel processor, burner assembly, and methods of operating the same 有权
标题翻译：蒸汽重整燃料处理器，燃烧器组件及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US08696772B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-15
申请号：US13166576
申请日：2011-06-22
申请人： David J. Edlund , Darrell J. Elliott , Alan E. Hayes , William A. Pledger , Curtiss Renn , Redwood Stephens , R. Todd Studebaker
发明人： David J. Edlund , Darrell J. Elliott , Alan E. Hayes , William A. Pledger , Curtiss Renn , Redwood Stephens , R. Todd Studebaker
IPC分类号： C01B6/24 , B01J7/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04022 , B01J8/0221 , B01J8/0285 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/00309 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/0053 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/501 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/041 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/0811 , F23D14/22 , F23D91/02 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0668 , H01M8/0687
摘要： Systems and methods for producing hydrogen gas with a fuel processing system that includes a hydrogen-producing region that produces hydrogen gas from a feed stream and a heating assembly that consumes a fuel stream to produce a heated exhaust stream for heating the hydrogen-producing region. In some embodiments, the heating assembly heats the hydrogen-producing region to at least a minimum hydrogen-producing temperature. In some embodiments, the rate at which an air stream is delivered to the heating assembly is controlled to selectively increase or decrease the temperature of the heated exhaust stream. In some embodiments, the feed stream and the fuel stream both contain a carbon-containing feedstock and at least 25 wt % water. In some embodiments, the feed and fuel streams have the same composition.
摘要翻译：用燃料处理系统生产氢气的系统和方法，该燃料处理系统包括从进料流产生氢气的产氢区域和消耗燃料流以产生用于加热产氢区域的加热排气流的加热组件。在一些实施例中，加热组件将产氢区加热至少至少产氢温度。在一些实施例中，将空气流输送到加热组件的速率被控制以选择性地增加或减少加热的废气流的温度。在一些实施方案中，进料流和燃料流均含有含碳原料和至少25重量％的水。在一些实施方案中，进料和燃料流具有相同的组成。

7. 发明授权

US07828864B2 Steam reforming fuel processor, burner assembly, and methods of operating the same 有权
标题翻译：蒸汽重整燃料处理器，燃烧器组件及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US07828864B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-09
申请号：US12044799
申请日：2008-03-07
申请人： David J. Edlund , Darrell J. Elliott , Alan E. Hayes , William A. Pledger , Curtiss Renn , Redwood Stephens , R. Todd Studebaker
发明人： David J. Edlund , Darrell J. Elliott , Alan E. Hayes , William A. Pledger , Curtiss Renn , Redwood Stephens , R. Todd Studebaker
IPC分类号： C10J3/46
CPC分类号： H01M8/04022 , B01J8/0221 , B01J8/0285 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/00309 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/0053 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/501 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/041 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/0811 , F23D14/22 , F23D91/02 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0668 , H01M8/0687
摘要： Systems and methods for producing hydrogen gas with a fuel processing system that includes a hydrogen-producing region that produces hydrogen gas from a feed stream and a heating assembly that consumes a fuel stream to produce a heated exhaust stream for heating the hydrogen-producing region. In some embodiments, the heating assembly heats the hydrogen-producing region to at least a minimum hydrogen-producing temperature. In some embodiments, the feed stream and the fuel stream both contain a carbon-containing feedstock and at least 25 wt % water. In some embodiments, at least one of the feed and fuel streams contain at least one additional component. In some embodiments, the feed and fuel streams have the same composition. In some embodiments, the feed and fuel streams are drawn or obtained from a common source or supply, and in some embodiments as a liquid stream that is selectively apportioned to form the feed and fuel streams.
摘要翻译：用燃料处理系统生产氢气的系统和方法，该燃料处理系统包括从进料流产生氢气的产氢区域和消耗燃料流以产生用于加热产氢区域的加热排气流的加热组件。在一些实施例中，加热组件将产氢区加热至少至少产氢温度。在一些实施方案中，进料流和燃料流均含有含碳原料和至少25重量％的水。在一些实施方案中，进料和燃料流中的至少一种含有至少一种另外的组分。在一些实施方案中，进料和燃料流具有相同的组成。在一些实施方案中，进料和燃料流是从共同的来源或供应源中抽出或获得的，在一些实施方案中，作为选择性分配以形成进料和燃料流的液体流。

8. 发明申请

US20100040918A1 METHANOL STEAM REFORMING CATALYSTS, STEAM REFORMERS, AND FUEL CELL SYSTEMS INCORPORATING THE SAME 有权
标题翻译：甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂，蒸汽改性剂和燃料电池系统
公开(公告)号：US20100040918A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-18
申请号：US12604157
申请日：2009-10-22
申请人： Curtiss Renn
发明人： Curtiss Renn
IPC分类号： C01B3/26 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： C01B3/501 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/0496 , B01J23/02 , B01J23/06 , B01J23/26 , B01J2208/00495 , B01J2208/0053 , C01B3/326 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/041 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/1076 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0662 , Y02P20/52
摘要： Methanol steam reforming catalysts, and steam reformers and fuel cell systems incorporating the same. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst includes zinc oxide as an active component. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst further includes at least one of chromium oxide and calcium aluminate. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst is not pyrophoric. Similarly, in some embodiments, steam reformers including a reforming catalyst according to the present disclosure may include an air-permeable or air-accessible reforming catalyst bed. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst is not reduced during use. In some embodiments, the methanol reforming catalysts are not active at temperatures below 275° C. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst includes a sulfur-absorbent material. Steam reformers, reforming systems, fuel cell systems and methods of using the reforming catalysts are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂，以及蒸汽重整器和结合其的燃料电池系统。在一些实施方案中，甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂包括氧化锌作为活性组分。在一些实施方案中，甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂还包括氧化铬和铝酸钙中的至少一种。在一些实施方案中，甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂不是自燃的。类似地，在一些实施方案中，包括根据本公开的重整催化剂的蒸汽重整器可以包括透气或空气可接近的重整催化剂床。在一些实施方案中，甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂在使用期间不减少。在一些实施方案中，甲醇重整催化剂在低于275℃的温度下不起作用。在一些实施方案中，甲醇蒸汽重整催化剂包括吸硫材料。还公开了蒸汽重整器，重整系统，燃料电池系统和使用重整催化剂的方法。

9. 发明申请

US20080305034A1 STEAM REFORMING FUEL PROCESSOR, BURNER ASSEMBLY, AND METHODS OF OPERATING THE SAME 有权
标题翻译：蒸汽重整燃料加工器，燃烧器组件及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US20080305034A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-11
申请号：US12044799
申请日：2008-03-07
申请人： David J. Edlund , Darrell J. Elliott , Alan E. Hayes , William A. Pledger , Curtiss Renn , Redwood Stephens , R. Todd Studebaker
发明人： David J. Edlund , Darrell J. Elliott , Alan E. Hayes , William A. Pledger , Curtiss Renn , Redwood Stephens , R. Todd Studebaker
IPC分类号： C01B3/26
CPC分类号： H01M8/04022 , B01J8/0221 , B01J8/0285 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/00309 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/0053 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/501 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/041 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/0811 , F23D14/22 , F23D91/02 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0668 , H01M8/0687
摘要： Systems and methods for producing hydrogen gas with a fuel processing system that includes a hydrogen-producing region that produces hydrogen gas from a feed stream and a heating assembly that consumes a fuel stream to produce a heated exhaust stream for heating the hydrogen-producing region. In some embodiments, the heating assembly heats the hydrogen-producing region to at least a minimum hydrogen-producing temperature. In some embodiments, the feed stream and the fuel stream both contain a carbon-containing feedstock and at least 25 wt % water. In some embodiments, at least one of the feed and fuel streams contain at least one additional component. In some embodiments, the feed and fuel streams have the same composition. In some embodiments, the feed and fuel streams are drawn or obtained from a common source or supply, and in some embodiments as a liquid stream that is selectively apportioned to form the feed and fuel streams.
摘要翻译：用燃料处理系统生产氢气的系统和方法，该燃料处理系统包括从进料流产生氢气的产氢区域和消耗燃料流以产生用于加热产氢区域的加热排气流的加热组件。在一些实施例中，加热组件将产氢区加热至少至少产氢温度。在一些实施方案中，进料流和燃料流均含有含碳原料和至少25重量％的水。在一些实施方案中，进料和燃料流中的至少一种含有至少一种另外的组分。在一些实施方案中，进料和燃料流具有相同的组成。在一些实施方案中，进料和燃料流是从共同的来源或供应源中抽出或获得的，在一些实施方案中，作为选择性分配以形成进料和燃料流的液体流。

10. 发明授权

US07939051B2 Hydrogen-producing fuel processing assemblies, heating assemblies, and methods of operating the same 有权
标题翻译：制氢燃料加工组件，加热组件及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US07939051B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-10
申请号：US11751417
申请日：2007-05-21
申请人： Vernon Wade Popham , Curtiss Renn , Mesa Scharf , Kyle Taylor
发明人： Vernon Wade Popham , Curtiss Renn , Mesa Scharf , Kyle Taylor
IPC分类号： C01B3/26
CPC分类号： C01B3/384 , B01J8/0426 , B01J8/0496 , B01J2208/00398 , B01J2208/00415 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/00646 , B01J2208/00716 , C01B3/382 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/04 , C01B2203/06 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/1604
摘要： Hydrogen-producing fuel processing assemblies, including steam reforming fuel processing assemblies, startup assemblies for use therein, and methods of operating the same. In some embodiments, the startup assemblies include a startup reforming region that is upstream from a primary, or second, hydrogen-producing reforming region. In some embodiments, the startup reforming region and primary reforming regions are both steam reforming regions. In some embodiments, the startup assembly further includes at least one of a vaporization region and a startup heating assembly. In some embodiments, the startup heating assembly is an electrically powered heating assembly, and the fuel processing assembly further includes a (primary) heating assembly that combusts a byproduct stream from the fuel processing assembly to produce a combustion exhaust stream. In some embodiments, the startup reforming region is adapted to produce a gaseous output stream that will remain a gas-phase stream even if cooled below a minimum hydrogen-producing temperature.
摘要翻译：制氢燃料处理组件，包括蒸汽重整燃料处理组件，用于其中的启动组件及其操作方法。在一些实施方案中，启动组件包括起始重整区域，其在第一或第二制氢重整区域的上游。在一些实施方案中，启动重整区域和初级重整区域都是蒸汽重整区域。在一些实施例中，启动组件还包括蒸发区域和启动加热组件中的至少一个。在一些实施例中，启动加热组件是电动加热组件，并且燃料处理组件还包括（主）加热组件，其燃烧来自燃料处理组件的副产物流以产生燃烧废气流。在一些实施方案中，启动重整区域适于产生气体输出流，即使在低于最低产氢温度下冷却时仍保持气相流。

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