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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Methods of adjusting the Wobbe Index of a fuel and compositions thereof
    • 调节燃料的沃泊指数的方法及其组成
    • US06896707B2
    • 2005-05-24
    • US10189147
    • 2002-07-02
    • Dennis J. O'RearAndré Peter SteynbergRoger Van Gelder
    • Dennis J. O'RearAndré Peter SteynbergRoger Van Gelder
    • F23K5/00C10G2/00C10L3/00C10L3/06C10L3/12F23C1/00
    • C10L3/12C10L3/00C10L3/06F23C1/00
    • Novel methods of providing fuels to a gas-to-liquids facility are disclosed. A gas-to-liquids facility typically operates in a remote location and therefore must supply its own energy needs. These facilities are often sustained by fuels having different heating values, and for smooth operation while transitioning from one fuel to another, (such as during startup, shut down, and emergencies) the Wobble Indices of the two fuels cannot greatly vary from one another. According to embodiments of the present invention, the Wobble Index of either or both of the fuels is adjusted such that their ratio is less than or equal to about 3. The fuel having the higher Wobble Index may be natural gas, and materials such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide and flue gas may be added to lower its Wobble Index. The fuel having the lower Wobble Index may be the tail gas of a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and materials such as methane, ethane, LPG, or natural gas may be added to raise its Wobble Index. Alternatively, carbon dioxide may be removed from the tail gas to raise its Wobble Index.
    • 公开了向气体到液体设备提供燃料的新方法。 气体到液体设施通常在偏远地区运行,因此必须提供自己的能源需求。 这些设备通常由具有不同热值的燃料维持,并且在从一种燃料转换到另一种燃料(例如在启动,关闭和紧急情况下)的平稳运行期间,两种燃料的摆动指数不能相差很大。 根据本发明的实施方案,调节任一种或两种燃料的摆动指数,使其比例小于或等于约3.具有较高摆动指数的燃料可以是天然气,诸如氮气的材料 可以添加二氧化碳和烟道气以降低其摆动指数。 具有较低摆动指数的燃料可以是费 - 托合成的尾气,并且可以加入诸如甲烷,乙烷,LPG或天然气的材料以提高其摆动指数。 或者,可以从尾气中除去二氧化碳以提高其摆动指数。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Production of liquid and, optionally, gaseous hydrocarbons from gaseous reactants into an expanded slurry bed
    • 将液体和任选的气态烃从气态反应物生产成膨胀浆料床
    • US07772291B2
    • 2010-08-10
    • US11596253
    • 2005-04-28
    • André Peter Steynberg
    • André Peter Steynberg
    • C07C27/00
    • C10G2/342C10G2/34Y02P20/582
    • A process for producing liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants includes feeding at a low level a gaseous reactants feed comprising at least CO and H2 into an expanded slurry bed of solid non-shifting hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst particles suspended in a suspension liquid, the expanded slurry bed having an aspect ratio of less than 5. The gaseous reactants and any recycled gas are allowed to react with a per pass CO plus H2 conversion of at least 60% as they pass upwardly through the slurry bed at a gas velocity of at least 35 cm/s, thereby to form liquid and, optionally, gaseous products, and with the gaseous reactants and any recycled gas and any gaseous product assisting in maintaining the solid catalyst particles in suspension in the suspension liquid, and with the liquid product forming together with the suspension liquid, a liquid phase of the slurry bed.
    • 用于从气态反应物生产液体和任选的气态产物的方法包括将低至少含有至少CO和H 2的气态反应物进料加入到悬浮在悬浮液中的固体非转移烃合成催化剂颗粒的膨胀淤浆床中, 膨胀的浆料床的纵横比小于5.当气态反应物和任何再循环气体在其通过浆料床时向上通过浆料床时,通过CO加H2转化率至少60%反应,气体速度为 至少35cm / s,从而形成液体和任选的气态产物,以及气态反应物和任何再循环气体和任何有助于将固体催化剂颗粒保持在悬浮液中的悬浮液中的气体产物,以及液体产物 与悬浮液一起形成浆液床的液相。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Production of liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants
    • 从气态反应物生产液体和任选的气态产物
    • US06864293B2
    • 2005-03-08
    • US10322835
    • 2002-12-18
    • André Peter Steynberg
    • André Peter Steynberg
    • B01J8/18B01J8/20F28D7/00C07C27/00
    • B01J8/20B01J8/1836B01J2208/00132B01J2208/00141B01J2208/00256B01J2219/00006B01J2219/00238F28D7/0066F28D7/0091
    • A process for producing liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants includes feeding, at a low level, gaseous reactants into a slurry bed, allowing the gaseous reactants to react as they pass upwardly through the slurry bed, withdrawing any gaseous product and unreacted gaseous reactants from a head space above the slurry bed and withdrawing liquid product and/or slurry bed to maintain the slurry bed at a desired level. The process further includes passing boiler water, as a first heat transfer fluid, in indirect heat exchange relationship through the slurry bed to remove heat from the slurry bed, allowing the heated boiler water to flash and separate to form pressurised steam, controlling the pressure of the steam to be substantially constant, and passing a second heat transfer fluid in indirect heat exchange relationship through the slurry bed to remove heat from the slurry bed.
    • 从气态反应物生产液体和任选的气态产物的方法包括将低水平的气态反应物进料到浆料床中,使得气态反应物在向上通过淤浆床时反应,取出任何气态产物和未反应 来自浆料床上方的顶部空间的气态反应物和抽出液体产物和/或浆料床以将浆料床保持在期望的水平。 该方法还包括将锅炉水作为第一传热流体通过浆料床间接热交换关系,以从浆料床中除去热量,从而使加热的锅炉水闪蒸并分离以形成加压蒸汽,控制压力 蒸汽基本上恒定,并且通过浆料床将间接热交换关系中的第二传热流体通过以从淤浆床中除去热量。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Process for producing liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants
    • 用于从气态反应物生产液体和任选的气态产物的方法
    • US06265452B1
    • 2001-07-24
    • US09537442
    • 2000-03-27
    • André Peter SteynbergDavid H. JonesRoy W. Silverman
    • André Peter SteynbergDavid H. JonesRoy W. Silverman
    • C07C2700
    • C10G2/342B01D3/009B01J8/22C07C1/0405C07C1/0455C07C1/0485Y02P20/127
    • A process for producing liquid and gaseous products from gaseous reactants. The process includes a) feeding a synthesis gas stream of mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen, as gaseous reactants, into a slurry bed of solid Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles suspended in a suspension liquid, with the slurry bed being provided in a reaction zone, b) allowing the gaseous reactants to react, by means of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, as they pass upwardly through the slurry bed; c) withdrawing liquid phase from the slurry bed, to maintain the slurry bed at a desired level; d) allowing gaseous products and unreacted gaseous reactants to disengage from the slurry bed and to pass upwardly as a gas phase into a freeboard zone of a head space above the reaction zone; e) subjecting the gas phase to distillation; f) returning separated catalyst particles and liquid phase from the distillation zone and g) withdrawing treated gas phase from the head space.
    • 一种从气态反应物生产液体和气态产物的方法。 该方法包括:a)将主要为一氧化碳和氢气的合成气流作为气态反应物供入悬浮在悬浮液中的固体费 - 托催化剂颗粒的淤浆床中,浆料床设置在反应区中,b )允许气态反应物通过费 - 托合成在其向上通过浆料床时反应; c)从浆料床中取出液相,以将浆料床保持在期望的水平; d)允许气体产物和未反应的气体反应物从浆料床脱离并作为气相向上传送到反应区上方的顶部空间的干舷区; e)对气相进行蒸馏; f)从蒸馏区返回分离出的催化剂颗粒和液相,g)从顶部空间取出经处理的气相。