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1. 发明授权

US06658565B1 Distributed filtering and monitoring system for a computer internetwork 失效
标题翻译：计算机互联网分布式过滤和监控系统
公开(公告)号：US06658565B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-02
申请号：US09088348
申请日：1998-06-01
申请人： Amit Gupta , Radia Joy Perlman , Dah-Ming Chiu
发明人： Amit Gupta , Radia Joy Perlman , Dah-Ming Chiu
IPC分类号： H04L900
CPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04L41/046 , H04L43/028 , H04L63/0218 , H04L63/0245 , H04L63/1408 , H04L67/10
摘要： A system efficiently distributes processing-intensive loads among a plurality of intermediate stations in a computer internetwork. The intermediate stations include routers, bridges, switches and/or firewalls configured with monitoring and filtering agents that communicate via a defined protocol to implement the system. Those stations configured with agents and having available resources cooperate to execute the loads which generally comprise verification operations on digital signatures appended to frame and/or packet traffic traversing paths of the computer internetwork. Techniques associated with the system are directed to efficiently detecting and filtering unauthorized traffic over portions of the internetwork protected as trust domains as well as unprotected portions of the internetwork.
摘要翻译：系统在计算机互联网络中的多个中间站之间有效地分配处理密集的负载。中间站包括配置有监视和过滤代理的路由器，网桥，交换机和/或防火墙，通过定义的协议进行通信以实现系统。配置有代理并具有可用资源的那些站合作执行负载，其通常包括附加到跨越计算机互联网络的路径的帧和/或分组业务的数字签名的验证操作。与系统相关的技术旨在有效地检测和过滤被保护为互信网络的互联网络的部分以及互联网络的未受保护部分的未授权业务。

2. 发明授权

US09189642B2 Safe processing of on-demand delete requests 有权
标题翻译：安全处理按需删除请求
公开(公告)号：US09189642B2
公开(公告)日：2015-11-17
申请号：US11724520
申请日：2007-03-14
申请人： Radia Joy Perlman
发明人： Radia Joy Perlman
IPC分类号： H04L9/32 , G06F21/62
CPC分类号： G06F21/6218 , G06F21/6209 , G06F2221/2101 , G06F2221/2143
摘要： Methods and apparatus for safe processing of on-demand delete requests are disclosed. An item is stored in a storage entity that is associated with a trusted secure device. A delete request to delete the item is received at the trusted secure device. However, the trusted secure device does not yet delete the item from the storage entity. The trusted secure device creates an audit log of the delete request. The audit log specifies the item to be deleted and includes information about the delete request. The audit log is made available to an approval source. The approval source must grant approval in the form of an approval response in order for the item to be deleted. If the trusted secure device receives an approval response from the approval source, the item is deleted.
摘要翻译：披露了按需删除请求的安全处理方法和装置。一个项目存储在与可信任安全设备相关联的存储实体中。在受信任的安全设备接收到删除该项目的删除请求。但是，信任的安全设备尚未从存储实体中删除该项目。受信任的安全设备创建删除请求的审核日志。审计日志指定要删除的项目，并包括有关删除请求的信息。审核日志提供给审批来源。批准来源必须以批准响应的形式批准，以使项目被删除。如果信任的安全设备从批准源接收到批准响应，则该项目被删除。

3. 发明申请

US20080228827A1 Safe processing of on-demand delete requests 有权
标题翻译：安全处理按需删除请求
公开(公告)号：US20080228827A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-18
申请号：US11724520
申请日：2007-03-14
申请人： Radia Joy Perlman
发明人： Radia Joy Perlman
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F21/6218 , G06F21/6209 , G06F2221/2101 , G06F2221/2143
摘要： Methods and apparatus for safe processing of on-demand delete requests are disclosed. An item is stored in a storage entity that is associated with a trusted secure device. A delete request to delete the item is received at the trusted secure device. However, the trusted secure device does not yet delete the item from the storage entity. The trusted secure device creates an audit log of the delete request. The audit log specifies the item to be deleted and includes information about the delete request. The audit log is made available to an approval source. The approval source must grant approval in the form of an approval response in order for the item to be deleted. If the trusted secure device receives an approval response from the approval source, the item is deleted.
摘要翻译：披露了按需删除请求的安全处理方法和装置。一个项目存储在与可信任安全设备相关联的存储实体中。在受信任的安全设备接收到删除该项目的删除请求。但是，信任的安全设备尚未从存储实体中删除该项目。受信任的安全设备创建删除请求的审核日志。审计日志指定要删除的项目，并包括有关删除请求的信息。审核日志提供给审批来源。批准来源必须以批准响应的形式批准，以使项目被删除。如果信任的安全设备从批准源接收到批准响应，则该项目被删除。

4. 发明授权

US06445710B1 Method and apparatus for transparently bridging traffic across wide area networks 有权
标题翻译：用于透明地桥接广域网的流量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06445710B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-03
申请号：US09247820
申请日：1999-02-09
申请人： Radia Joy Perlman , William R. Hawe , John Harper
发明人： Radia Joy Perlman , William R. Hawe , John Harper
IPC分类号： H04L1228
CPC分类号： H04L45/28 , H04L12/4604 , H04L12/462 , H04L12/4633 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/18 , H04L45/48
摘要： A technique for logically connecting local communications networks (CNs) that may be separated by wide area networks containing routers and other network components. A logical link is formed between two devices called tunnelers, such that, once a tunnel has been established between two CNs, other devices on the CNs can communicate. The tunneling mechanism of the invention requires that each CN have only one active tunneler at any particular time, referred to as the designated tunneler, and each of the tunnelers is configured to have knowledge of the identities of the other tunnelers. A tunnel is established after a successful exchange of messages between two tunnelers, and then traffic may be forwarded through the tunnel in a transparent manner. The tunneling mechanism permits messages to be forwarded between CNs separated by a wide area network containing routers. Moreover, the mechanism permits filtering of traffic, such that only selected types of traffic, or messages for selected destinations or from selected sources, are forwarded through tunnels. The tunneling mechanism inherently precludes the formation of closed communication loops. An alternate embodiment of the invention optimizes the configuration process for particular network topologies.
摘要翻译：用于逻辑连接本地通信网络（CN）的技术，其可以由包含路由器和其他网络组件的广域网分离。在称为隧道传输器的两个设备之间形成逻辑链路，使得一旦在两个CN之间建立了隧道，则CN上的其他设备可以通信。本发明的隧道机制要求每个CN在任何特定时间仅具有一个主动隧道，称为指定隧道，并且每个隧道被配置为具有其他隧道的身份知识。在两个隧道之间成功交换消息之后建立隧道，然后可以透明地通过隧道转发流量。隧道机制允许在由包含路由器的广域网分开的CN之间转发消息。此外，该机制允许对流量进行过滤，使得仅选择类型的流量或者所选目的地或来自所选源的消息通过隧道转发。隧道机制固有地阻止了封闭通信环路的形成。本发明的替代实施例优化了特定网络拓扑的配置过程。

5. 发明授权

US06230266B1 Authentication system and process 有权
标题翻译：验证系统和流程
公开(公告)号：US06230266B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09243575
申请日：1999-02-03
申请人： Radia Joy Perlman , Stephen R. Hanna
发明人： Radia Joy Perlman , Stephen R. Hanna
IPC分类号： H04L900
CPC分类号： H04L9/3268
摘要： An authentication method and process are provided. One aspect of the process of the present invention includes authorizing a first on-line revocation server (OLRS) to provide information concerning certificates issued by a certificate authority (CA) that have been revoked. If the first OLRS is compromised, a second OLRS is authorized to provide certificate revocation information, but certificates issued by the CA remain valid unless indicated by the second OLRS to be revoked.
摘要翻译：提供了认证方法和过程。本发明的方法的一个方面包括授权第一在线吊销服务器（OLRS）提供关于由已被撤销的证书颁发机构（CA）颁发的证书的信息。如果第一个OLRS受到损害，则第二个OLRS被授权提供证书吊销信息，但由CA颁发的证书仍然有效，除非第二个OLRS指示要撤销。

6. 发明授权

US06567410B1 Assigning multiple parallel bridge numbers to bridges having three or more ports 有权
标题翻译：为具有三个或更多个端口的桥分配多个并行桥号
公开(公告)号：US06567410B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-20
申请号：US09203107
申请日：1998-11-30
申请人： Radia Joy Perlman
发明人： Radia Joy Perlman
IPC分类号： G01R3108
CPC分类号： H04L12/462
摘要： A bridge for simultaneous connection to n LANs, where n is greater than 2, and methods for determining whether the bridge has been connected properly. The bridge includes storage for respectively associating the (n2−n)/2 unique pairs of LANs connected by the bridge with (n2−n)/2 parallel bridge numbers. Messages received from a first LAN are forwarded to a second LAN only if the message identifies the second LAN and the parallel bridge number which is associated in the storage with the first and second LANs. To determine whether two or more ports of the bridge are connected to the same LAN, the bridge attempts to transmit messages from each of its ports to each other respective port by addressing the messages to the data link addresses of the other ports. After transmission, the bridge waits a short time interval and determines whether any of the messages are received at any of its ports. If a message is received at a port, then the port receiving the message and the port which transmitted the message must be connected to the same LAN. If the bridge is on a token ring LAN, the bridge may also determine whether a port is properly sending and receiving messages by sending a message, via the token ring, from the port to its own data link address. If the message is not received by the port during a short time interval after transmission, then there is a fault in the port.
摘要翻译：用于同时连接n个LAN的桥，其中n大于2，以及用于确定桥是否已正确连接的方法。桥包括用于分别将由桥连接的（n2-n）/ 2个唯一的LAN对与（n2-n）/ 2个并行桥号相关联的存储。只有当消息标识第二LAN和与存储器中的与第一和第二LAN相关联的并行桥号时，从第一LAN接收的消息被转发到第二LAN。为了确定桥接器的两个或多个端口是否连接到同一个LAN，桥接器尝试通过将消息发送到其他端口的数据链路地址来将消息从其每个端口传送到彼此的相应端口。传输后，网桥等待一段短时间间隔，并确定是否在其任何端口接收到任何消息。如果在端口上收到消息，则接收消息的端口和发送消息的端口必须连接到同一个LAN。如果桥接在令牌环LAN上，桥接器还可以通过从该端口到其自己的数据链路地址通过令牌环发送消息来确定端口是否正确地发送和接收消息。如果端口在发送后的短时间间隔内没有收到该消息，则端口出现故障。

7. 发明授权

US07058798B1 Method ans system for pro-active credential refreshing 有权
标题翻译：方法ans系统为主动凭证刷新
公开(公告)号：US07058798B1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-06
申请号：US09547183
申请日：2000-04-11
申请人： Yassir K. Elley , Anne H. Anderson , Stephen R. Hanna , Sean J. Mullan , Radia Joy Perlman
发明人： Yassir K. Elley , Anne H. Anderson , Stephen R. Hanna , Sean J. Mullan , Radia Joy Perlman
IPC分类号： G06F7/04
CPC分类号： G06F21/6218
摘要： The basic concept is that before a resource is accessed, the entity that has the burden of gathering the credentials, pro-actively refreshes the credentials and keeps them current. In one instance, a presenter of credentials, for example, a client, pro-actively refreshes the credentials such that at the time of presentation, the credentials meet the resource-specific constraints of a recipient of credentials, for example, a resource server. For each resource that it protects, a resource server typically establishes various constraints such as a recency requirement, which specifies how recently a credential has to have been issued to be accepted as an adequate credential. Other constraints may include maximum certificate chain length, trust level and so forth. In another instance, a recipient of credentials pro-actively gathers and refreshes credentials to prevent un-authorized access to the various resources it is protecting.
摘要翻译：基本概念是，在访问资源之前，负责收集凭据的实体主动刷新凭据并保持最新状态。在一个实例中，凭证的呈现者（例如，客户端）主动地刷新证书，使得在呈现时，证书满足凭证的接收方的资源特定约束，例如资源服务器。对于其保护的每个资源，资源服务器通常建立各种约束，例如新近要求，其指定证书必须最近被发布以被接受为足够证书。其他约束可能包括最大证书链长度，信任级别等。在另一个实例中，凭据的接收方主动收集和刷新凭据，以防止对其保护的各种资源的未授权访问。

8. 发明授权

US5870386A Method and apparatus for transparently bridging traffic across wide area networks 失效
标题翻译：用于透明地桥接广域网的流量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5870386A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-09
申请号：US816316
申请日：1991-12-30
申请人： Radia Joy Perlman , William R. Hawe , John A. Harper
发明人： Radia Joy Perlman , William R. Hawe , John A. Harper
IPC分类号： H04L12/46 , H04L12/701 , H04L12/703 , H04L12/705 , H04L12/753
CPC分类号： H04L45/28 , H04L12/4604 , H04L12/462 , H04L12/4633 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/18 , H04L45/48
摘要： A technique for logically connecting local area networks (LANs) that may be separated by wide area networks containing routers and other network components. A logical link is formed between two bridge-like devices called tunnelers, such that, once a tunnel has been established between two LANs, other devices on the LANs can communicate as if the tunnel were a bridge. The tunneling mechanism of the invention requires that each LAN or extended LAN have only one active tunneler at any particular time, referred to as the designated tunneler, and each of the tunnelers is configured to have knowledge of the identities of the other tunnelers. A tunnel is established after a successful exchange of messages between two tunnelers, and then traffic may be forwarded through the tunnel in a transparent manner. The tunneling mechanism permits messages to be forwarded between LANs separated by a wide area network containing routers. Moreover, the mechanism permits filtering of traffic, such that only selected types of traffic, or messages for selected destinations or from selected sources, are forwarded through tunnels. The tunneling mechanism inherently precludes the formation of closed communication loops. An alternate embodiment of the invention optimizes the configuration process for particular network topologies.
摘要翻译：一种用于逻辑连接可能由包含路由器和其他网络组件的广域网分隔的局域网（LAN）的技术。在称为隧道传输器的两个类似桥的设备之间形成逻辑链路，使得一旦在两个LAN之间建立了隧道，则LAN上的其他设备可以像隧道是桥接一样进行通信。本发明的隧道机制要求每个LAN或扩展LAN在任何特定时间仅具有一个主动隧道，称为指定的隧道，并且每个隧道被配置为具有其他隧道的身份知识。在两个隧道之间成功交换消息之后建立隧道，然后可以透明地通过隧道转发流量。隧道机制允许在由包含路由器的广域网分离的LAN之间转发消息。此外，该机制允许对流量进行过滤，使得仅选择类型的流量或者所选目的地或来自所选源的消息通过隧道转发。隧道机制固有地阻止了封闭通信环路的形成。本发明的替代实施例优化了特定网络拓扑的配置过程。

9. 发明授权

US5844902A Assigning multiple parallel bridge numbers to bridges 失效
标题翻译：为桥梁分配多个并行桥号
公开(公告)号：US5844902A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-01
申请号：US695760
申请日：1996-08-08
申请人： Radia Joy Perlman
发明人： Radia Joy Perlman
IPC分类号： H04L12/46 , H04J3/02
CPC分类号： H04L12/462
摘要： A bridge for simultaneous connection to n LANs, where n is greater than 2, and methods for determining whether the bridge has been connected properly. The bridge includes storage for respectively associating the (n.sup.2 -n)/2 unique pairs of LANs connected by the bridge with (n.sup.2 -n)/2 parallel bridge numbers. Messages received from a first LAN are forwarded to a second LAN only if the message identifies the second LAN and the parallel bridge number which is associated in the storage with the first and second LANs. To determine whether two or more ports of the bridge are connected to the same LAN, the bridge attempts to transmit messages from each of its ports to each other respective port by addressing the messages to the data link addresses of the other ports. After transmission, the bridge waits a short time interval and determines whether any of the messages are received at any of its ports. If a message is received at a port, then the port receiving the message and the port which transmitted the message must be connected to the same LAN. If the bridge is on a token ring LAN, the bridge may also determine whether a port is properly sending and receiving messages by sending a message, via the token ring, from the port to its own data link address. If the message is not received by the port during a short time interval after transmission, then there is a fault in the port.
摘要翻译：用于同时连接n个LAN的桥，其中n大于2，以及用于确定桥是否已正确连接的方法。桥包括用于分别将由桥连接的（n2-n）/ 2个唯一的LAN对与（n2-n）/ 2个并行桥号相关联的存储。只有当消息标识第二LAN和与存储器中的与第一和第二LAN相关联的并行桥号时，从第一LAN接收的消息被转发到第二LAN。为了确定桥接器的两个或多个端口是否连接到同一个LAN，桥接器尝试通过将消息发送到其他端口的数据链路地址来将消息从其每个端口传送到彼此的相应端口。传输后，网桥等待一段短时间间隔，并确定是否在其任何端口接收到任何消息。如果在端口上收到消息，则接收消息的端口和发送消息的端口必须连接到同一个LAN。如果桥接在令牌环LAN上，桥接器还可以通过从该端口到其自己的数据链路地址通过令牌环发送消息来确定端口是否正确地发送和接收消息。如果端口在发送后的短时间间隔内没有收到该消息，则端口出现故障。

10. 发明授权

US5796740A Router using multiple hop redirect messages to enable bridge like data forwarding 失效
公开(公告)号：US5796740A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-18
申请号：US864281
申请日：1997-05-28
申请人： Radia Joy Perlman , Alan J. Kirby , Floyd J. Backes , Charles W. Kaufman
发明人： Radia Joy Perlman , Alan J. Kirby , Floyd J. Backes , Charles W. Kaufman
IPC分类号： G06F13/00 , H04L12/46 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/04 , H04L12/4625
摘要： An apparatus for forwarding a data packet from a first link to a second link is disclosed. The apparatus is coupled with a plurality of computer networks through ports on the apparatus. The apparatus maintains a spanning tree list indicating which of the apparatus ports are active. The apparatus receives a packet, and determines if the packet was received from a port that is active. If the packet was received from a port that is not active, the packet is discarded. If the packet is not discarded, the data link source address of the packet is stored in a database within the apparatus for the computer network coupled with the port from which the packet was received. The apparatus then decides, responsive to a contents of a data link destination address field in the packet, whether to forward the packet as a bridge or to forward the packet as a router. If the apparatus forwards the packet as a router, the apparatus sends a redirect message to update the data link layer destination address used by the originating station to contain the data link layer address of the destination station where the destination station is on a link remote from the link of the originating station. For the subsequent packets the apparatus then behaves as a bridge by forwarding the subsequent packets based upon parsing of only the Data Link Header. For forwarding of subsequent packets, the apparatus is advantageously fast, in accordance with bridge operation.

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