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1. 发明授权

US4440240A Method of making holes in the soil and apparatus for performing this method 失效
标题翻译：在土壤中制作孔的方法和用于执行该方法的装置
公开(公告)号：US4440240A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-03
申请号：US264684
申请日：1981-05-18
申请人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vladimir P. Gileta , Vladimir A. Grigoraschenko , Khaim B. Tkach , Vladimir A. Bakunin , Valery Y. Frenkel , Valery A. Kozlov , Jury B. Reifisov , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Mikhail J. Bondar , Vladimir F. Drobyazko , Stanislav B. Stazhevsky , Gerald I. Ratskevich , Alexandr A. Fedorov , Anatoly S. Polyakov , Leonid M. Bobylev , Evgeny N. Tsvetkov , Anatoly M. Petreev
发明人： Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vladimir P. Gileta , Vladimir A. Grigoraschenko , Khaim B. Tkach , Vladimir A. Bakunin , Valery Y. Frenkel , Valery A. Kozlov , Jury B. Reifisov , Nikolai P. Chepurnoi , Mikhail J. Bondar , Vladimir F. Drobyazko , Stanislav B. Stazhevsky , Gerald I. Ratskevich , Alexandr A. Fedorov , Anatoly S. Polyakov , Leonid M. Bobylev , Evgeny N. Tsvetkov , Anatoly M. Petreev
IPC分类号： E02F5/18 , E21B7/20 , E21B7/26 , E21B11/02
CPC分类号： E21B7/265 , E21B7/205
摘要： The method of making holes in the soil includes driving a capsule into theoil by percussive action and filling the capsule with the soil. Then the driving of the capsule into the soil by percussive action is continued, with the soil passing therethrough. The capsule is then withdrawn from the hole, and the soil that has passed through the capsule is also removed from the hole, whereafter the soil is removed from the capsule itself. The apparatus for making holes, performing the disclosed method, comprises a capsule capable of receiving the soil therein, having an open soil intake end, its opposite end being a partly open one. The capsule incorporates a percussive mechanism.
摘要翻译：在土壤中形成孔的方法包括通过冲击作用将胶囊推入土壤，并用土壤填充胶囊。然后继续通过冲击作用将胶囊推入土壤，土壤通过。然后将胶囊从孔中取出，并且已经通过胶囊的土壤也从孔中除去，之后将土壤从胶囊本身中取出。用于制造孔的装置，执行所公开的方法，包括能够接收其中的污物的胶囊，具有开放的土壤进入端，其相对端是部分敞开的。胶囊包含冲击机制。

2. 发明授权

US4171727A Reversible, percussive device for ground perforation 失效
标题翻译：用于地面穿孔的可逆式，冲击式装置
公开(公告)号：US4171727A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-23
申请号：US804269
申请日：1977-06-07
申请人： Khaim B. Tkach , Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vladimir M. Terin , Konstantin B. Skachkov , Alexei D. Terskov , Mikhail J. Bondar , Vladimir F. Drobyazko
发明人： Khaim B. Tkach , Alexandr D. Kostylev , Vladimir M. Terin , Konstantin B. Skachkov , Alexei D. Terskov , Mikhail J. Bondar , Vladimir F. Drobyazko
IPC分类号： E21B7/26 , E21B11/02
CPC分类号： E21B7/26
摘要： A reversible ground perforating device powered by a gaseous medium under ssure, comprising a hollow cylindrical body with a pointed front end. The body accommodates a hammer adapted to reciprocate therein. A front power chamber of variable volume is formed by the hammer in the body. The rear end of the hammer has a cylindrical hollow which forms a rear power chamber of variable volume. The power chambers are interconnected by means of ports provided in the hammer. A stepped cylindrical barrel is located inside the cylindrical hollow in the hammer and coaxially therewith. The barrel is secured in the rear end of the body and the large-diameter portion of the barrel is arranged to interact with the hammer. The wall of the large-diameter portion of the barrel has ports. A spring-loaded stepped sleeve is mounted coaxially with the stepped barrel so that the large-diameter portion of the sleeve is adapted to cover the ports in the barrel. The space between the large-diameter portions of the sleeve and barrel forms an annular chamber. Holes are provided in the sleeve small-diameter portion interacting with the barrel small-diameter portion. A ring is flexedly mounted in the large-diameter portion of the barrel in the front end thereof and coaxially therewith. The space between the ring, the inner surface of the barrel and the outer surface of the sleeve forms an auxiliary annular chamber. The annular chamber is in communication with the source of a compressed gaseous medium during forward movement of the ground perforating device, whereas the auxiliary annular chamber is in communication with this source during reverse movement of the device.
摘要翻译：由压力下的气体介质供电的可逆地面穿孔装置，包括具有尖端前端的中空圆柱体。主体容纳适于在其中往复运动的锤。可变体积的前功率室由锤体形成。锤的后端具有形成可变体积的后动力室的圆柱形中空部。动力室通过设置在锤中的孔相互连接。一个阶梯式圆筒体位于锤的圆柱形中空部分内并与其同轴。筒被固定在主体的后端，并且筒的大直径部分布置成与锤相互作用。桶的大直径部分的壁具有端口。弹簧加载的阶梯式套筒与台阶式筒同轴地安装，使得套筒的大直径部分适于覆盖筒体中的端口。套管和桶的大直径部分之间的空间形成环形室。孔与筒体小直径部分相互作用的套筒小直径部分提供。环在其前端并与其同轴地弯曲地安装在筒的大直径部分中。环之间的空间，筒的内表面和套筒的外表面之间形成辅助环形室。环形室在接地穿孔装置的向前运动期间与压缩气体介质的源连通，而辅助环形室在装置的反向移动期间与该源连通。

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