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1. 发明授权

US09005785B2 Open-loop system and method for fuel cell stack start-up with low-voltage source 有权
标题翻译：采用低压源的燃料电池堆启动的开环系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US09005785B2
公开(公告)日：2015-04-14
申请号：US11860121
申请日：2007-09-24
申请人： Abdullah B. Alp , Akbar Chowdhury , Kristian M. Whitehouse , Matthew K. Hortop , Matthew C. Kirklin
发明人： Abdullah B. Alp , Akbar Chowdhury , Kristian M. Whitehouse , Matthew K. Hortop , Matthew C. Kirklin
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M16/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04746 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04104 , H01M8/04111 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04544 , H01M8/04567 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04805 , H01M8/04888 , H01M8/04992 , H01M16/006 , H01M2250/20 , H01M2250/402 , Y02B90/12 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell system is provided that includes a fuel cell stack and an air compressor in communication with a cathode inlet, a hydrogen source in communication with an anode inlet, and a start-up battery adapted to power the air compressor. The start-up battery is at least one of a low-voltage battery and a high-voltage battery. A power conversion module is in electrical communication with the start-up battery and the air compressor. The power conversion module is adapted to boost a voltage of the start-up battery as desired and power the air compressor at start-up. A controller is in communication with the power conversion module and is adapted to set an air compressor speed based on an available electrical energy. An open-loop method of operating the fuel cell system at start-up is also provided, wherein an anode purge is scheduled based on the available electrical energy from the battery.
摘要翻译：提供一种燃料电池系统，其包括与阴极入口连通的燃料电池堆和空气压缩机，与阳极入口连通的氢源和适于为空气压缩机供电的启动电池。启动电池至少是低压电池和高压电池中的一种。电源转换模块与起动电池和空气压缩机电连通。电力转换模块适于根据需要升高启动电池的电压，并在启动时为空气压缩机供电。控制器与电力转换模块通信，并且适于基于可用的电能来设定空气压缩机速度。还提供了在启动时操作燃料电池系统的开环方法，其中基于来自电池的可用电能调度阳极吹扫。

2. 发明申请

US20090081502A1 OPEN-LOOP SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FUEL CELL STACK START-UP WITH LOW-VOLTAGE SOURCE 有权
标题翻译：用低电压源进行燃料电池堆栈启动的开环系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20090081502A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-26
申请号：US11860121
申请日：2007-09-24
申请人： ABDULLAH B. ALP , Akbar Chowdhury , Kristian M. Whitehouse , Matthew K. Hortop , Matthew C. Kirklin
发明人： ABDULLAH B. ALP , Akbar Chowdhury , Kristian M. Whitehouse , Matthew K. Hortop , Matthew C. Kirklin
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04746 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04104 , H01M8/04111 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04544 , H01M8/04567 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04805 , H01M8/04888 , H01M8/04992 , H01M16/006 , H01M2250/20 , H01M2250/402 , Y02B90/12 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell system is provided that includes a fuel cell stack and an air compressor in communication with a cathode inlet, a hydrogen source in communication with an anode inlet, and a start-up battery adapted to power the air compressor. The start-up battery is at least one of a low-voltage battery and a high-voltage battery. A power conversion module is in electrical communication with the start-up battery and the air compressor. The power conversion module is adapted to boost a voltage of the start-up battery as desired and power the air compressor at start-up. A controller is in communication with the power conversion module and is adapted to set an air compressor speed based on an available electrical energy. An open-loop method of operating the fuel cell system at start-up is also provided, wherein an anode purge is scheduled based on the available electrical energy from the battery.
摘要翻译：提供一种燃料电池系统，其包括与阴极入口连通的燃料电池堆和空气压缩机，与阳极入口连通的氢源和适于为空气压缩机供电的启动电池。启动电池至少是低压电池和高压电池中的一种。电源转换模块与起动电池和空气压缩机电连通。电力转换模块适于根据需要升高启动电池的电压，并在启动时为空气压缩机供电。控制器与电力转换模块通信，并且适于基于可用的电能来设定空气压缩机速度。还提供了在启动时操作燃料电池系统的开环方法，其中基于来自电池的可用电能调度阳极吹扫。

3. 发明授权

US09496572B2 Closed-loop method for fuel cell system start-up with low voltage source 有权
标题翻译：低压源燃料电池系统启动的闭环方法
公开(公告)号：US09496572B2
公开(公告)日：2016-11-15
申请号：US11858987
申请日：2007-09-21
申请人： Abdullah B. Alp , Akbar Chowdhury , Matthew C. Kirklin , Matthew K. Hortop , John P. Salvador
发明人： Abdullah B. Alp , Akbar Chowdhury , Matthew C. Kirklin , Matthew K. Hortop , John P. Salvador
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/10
CPC分类号： H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04567 , H01M8/04731 , H01M8/04805 , H01M8/04888 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02E60/50
摘要： A fuel cell system is provided that includes a fuel cell stack and an air compressor in communication with a cathode inlet, a hydrogen source in communication with an anode inlet, and a start-up battery adapted to power the air compressor. The start-up battery is at least one of a low-voltage battery and a high-voltage battery. A pressure sensor is in communication with the air compressor and adapted to measure a compressor outlet pressure. A power conversion module is in electrical communication with the start-up battery and the air compressor. A controller is in communication with the power conversion module and adapted to set an air compressor speed based on an available electrical energy. A closed-loop method of operating the fuel cell system at start-up is also provided, wherein an anode purge is scheduled based on an air flow rate calculated from the compressor outlet pressure and the actual speed.
摘要翻译：提供一种燃料电池系统，其包括与阴极入口连通的燃料电池堆和空气压缩机，与阳极入口连通的氢源和适于为空气压缩机供电的启动电池。启动电池至少是低压电池和高压电池中的一种。压力传感器与空气压缩机连通并适于测量压缩机出口压力。电源转换模块与起动电池和空气压缩机电连通。控制器与电力转换模块通信，并且适于基于可用的电能来设定空气压缩机速度。还提供了在启动时操作燃料电池系统的闭环方法，其中基于从压缩机出口压力和实际速度计算出的空气流量来排列阳极吹扫。

4. 发明申请

US20090081490A1 CLOSED-LOOP METHOD FOR FUEL CELL SYSTEM START-UP WITH LOW VOLTAGE SOURCE 有权
标题翻译：用于低电压源的燃料电池系统启动的闭环方法
公开(公告)号：US20090081490A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-26
申请号：US11858987
申请日：2007-09-21
申请人： Abdullah B. Alp , Akbar Chowdhury , Matthew C. Kirklin , Matthew K. Hortop , John P. Salvador
发明人： Abdullah B. Alp , Akbar Chowdhury , Matthew C. Kirklin , Matthew K. Hortop , John P. Salvador
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04567 , H01M8/04731 , H01M8/04805 , H01M8/04888 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02E60/50
摘要： A fuel cell system is provided that includes a fuel cell stack and an air compressor in communication with a cathode inlet, a hydrogen source in communication with an anode inlet, and a start-up battery adapted to power the air compressor. The start-up battery is at least one of a low-voltage battery and a high-voltage battery. A pressure sensor is in communication with the air compressor and adapted to measure a compressor outlet pressure. A power conversion module is in electrical communication with the start-up battery and the air compressor. A controller is in communication with the power conversion module and adapted to set an air compressor speed based on an available electrical energy. A closed-loop method of operating the fuel cell system at start-up is also provided, wherein an anode purge is scheduled based on an air flow rate calculated from the compressor outlet pressure and the actual speed.
摘要翻译：提供一种燃料电池系统，其包括与阴极入口连通的燃料电池堆和空气压缩机，与阳极入口连通的氢源和适于为空气压缩机供电的启动电池。启动电池至少是低压电池和高压电池中的一种。压力传感器与空气压缩机连通并适于测量压缩机出口压力。电源转换模块与起动电池和空气压缩机电连通。控制器与电力转换模块通信，并且适于基于可用的电能来设定空气压缩机速度。还提供了在启动时操作燃料电池系统的闭环方法，其中基于从压缩机出口压力和实际速度计算出的空气流量来排列阳极吹扫。

5. 发明授权

US08574776B2 Fuel cell system water management strategy for freeze capability 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池系统冻结能力管理策略
公开(公告)号：US08574776B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-05
申请号：US11475695
申请日：2006-06-27
申请人： Bruce J. Clingerman , Jason R. Kolodziej , Derek S. Kilmer , Pinkhas A. Rapaport , David S. Mathews , Shyam Kocha , Abdullah B. Alp , Matthew K. Hortop , William H. Pettit
发明人： Bruce J. Clingerman , Jason R. Kolodziej , Derek S. Kilmer , Pinkhas A. Rapaport , David S. Mathews , Shyam Kocha , Abdullah B. Alp , Matthew K. Hortop , William H. Pettit
IPC分类号： H01M8/10
CPC分类号： H01M8/04955 , B60L11/1894 , B60L2240/622 , B60L2240/662 , B60L2240/80 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04228 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04253 , H01M8/0432 , H01M8/04358 , H01M8/04365 , H01M8/04731 , H01M8/241 , Y02T10/7291 , Y02T90/16 , Y02T90/162 , Y02T90/34
摘要： A fuel cell system that employs a method for determining the potential that a freeze condition will exist after the system is shut-down based on predetermined input, such as ambient temperature, geographical location, user usage profile, date, weather reports, etc. If the system determines that a freeze condition is probable, then the system initiates a purge shut-down of the fuel cell system where water is purged out of the reactant gas flow channels. If the system determines that a freeze condition is unlikely, then it will initiate a normal shut-down procedure without purging the flow channels. The system will then periodically determine if the conditions have changed, and will initiate the purge if a freeze condition subsequently becomes probable.
摘要翻译：一种燃料电池系统，其采用基于诸如环境温度，地理位置，用户使用情况，日期，天气报告等预定输入关闭系统之后将存在冻结状态的潜力的方法。如果系统确定冷冻条件是可能的，则系统启动燃料电池系统的清除关闭，其中将水从反应物气体流动通道中排出。如果系统确定冻结条件不太可能，那么它将启动一个正常的停机程序，而不需要清除流量通道。然后，系统将定期确定条件是否已更改，并且如果冻结条件随后变为可能，将启动清除。

6. 发明申请

US20070298289A1 Fuel cell system water management strategy for freeze capability 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池系统冻结能力管理策略
公开(公告)号：US20070298289A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-27
申请号：US11475695
申请日：2006-06-27
申请人： Bruce J. Clingerman , Jason R. Kolodziej , Derek S. Kilmer , Pinkhas A. Rapaport , David S. Mathews , Shyam Kocha , Abdullah B. Alp , Matthew K. Hortop , William H. Pettit
发明人： Bruce J. Clingerman , Jason R. Kolodziej , Derek S. Kilmer , Pinkhas A. Rapaport , David S. Mathews , Shyam Kocha , Abdullah B. Alp , Matthew K. Hortop , William H. Pettit
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04955 , B60L11/1894 , B60L2240/622 , B60L2240/662 , B60L2240/80 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04228 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04253 , H01M8/0432 , H01M8/04358 , H01M8/04365 , H01M8/04731 , H01M8/241 , Y02T10/7291 , Y02T90/16 , Y02T90/162 , Y02T90/34
摘要： A fuel cell system that employs a method for determining the potential that a freeze condition will exist after the system is shut-down based on predetermined input, such as ambient temperature, geographical location, user usage profile, date, weather reports, etc. If the system determines that a freeze condition is probable, then the system initiates a purge shut-down of the fuel cell system where water is purged out of the reactant gas flow channels. If the system determines that a freeze condition is unlikely, then it will initiate a normal shut-down procedure without purging the flow channels. The system will then periodically determine if the conditions have changed, and will initiate the purge if a freeze condition subsequently becomes probable.
摘要翻译：一种燃料电池系统，其采用基于诸如环境温度，地理位置，用户使用情况，日期，天气报告等预定输入关闭系统之后将存在冻结状态的潜力的方法。如果系统确定冷冻条件是可能的，则系统启动燃料电池系统的清除关闭，其中将水从反应物气体流动通道中排出。如果系统确定冻结条件不太可能，那么它将启动一个正常的停机程序，而不需要清除流量通道。然后，系统将定期确定条件是否已更改，并且如果冻结条件随后变为可能，将启动清除。

7. 发明授权

US09005830B2 Freeze start operation in a fuel cell with a blocked anode cell 有权
标题翻译：在具有阻塞阳极电池的燃料电池中冻结启动操作
公开(公告)号：US09005830B2
公开(公告)日：2015-04-14
申请号：US12706354
申请日：2010-02-16
申请人： Steven G. Goebel , Matthew K. Hortop
发明人： Steven G. Goebel , Matthew K. Hortop
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/10
CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04303 , H01M8/04365 , H01M8/04388 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/04671 , H01M8/2457 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02E60/50
摘要： Methods for starting a fuel cell system are provided. In one embodiment, the method includes providing hydrogen to an inlet of an anode of the fuel cell pressurizing the anode to a pressure; determining whether a blocked cell condition exists; if a blocked cell condition exists, if no blocked cell condition exists, initiating a normal start sequence, alternately reducing the pressure of the anode and increasing the pressure of the anode until an exit condition exists, the exit condition selected from a voltage of the fuel cell being stable, or a temperature of the fuel cell being greater than about 0° C., or both, and when the exit condition exists, initiating the normal start sequence.
摘要翻译：提供了启动燃料电池系统的方法。在一个实施例中，该方法包括向燃料电池的阳极的入口提供氢气以将阳极加压至压力; 确定是否存在阻塞的细胞条件; 如果存在阻塞的电池状况，则如果不存在阻塞的电池状况，启动正常启动顺序，交替地降低阳极的压力并增加阳极的压力直到存在出口条件，则从燃料的电压电池稳定，或者燃料电池的温度大于约0℃或两者，并且当出口条件存在时，启动正常启动顺序。

8. 发明申请

US20100028727A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STARTING A FUEL CELL ENGINE IN A VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH AN ULTRACAPACITOR 有权
标题翻译：燃油箱发动机在装有超声波燃烧器的车辆中的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20100028727A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-04
申请号：US12184766
申请日：2008-08-01
申请人： Matthew K. Hortop , David John Keyes , Ellen Greifenstein , Kazuyuki Izawa , Kengo Ikeya
发明人： Matthew K. Hortop , David John Keyes , Ellen Greifenstein , Kazuyuki Izawa , Kengo Ikeya
IPC分类号： H01M8/00
CPC分类号： B60W10/28 , B60K6/32 , B60W10/30 , B60W20/00 , B60Y2400/112 , B60Y2400/114 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04302 , H01M16/003 , Y02T10/6278 , Y02T10/92 , Y02T90/34
摘要： A hybrid fuel cell system that employs a fuel cell stack and an ultracapacitor. A diode is provided on a high voltage electrical bus between the fuel cell stack and the ultracapacitor so that high voltage from the ultracapacitor does not affect the operation of the fuel cell stack. During system start-up, a by-pass switch is closed to by-pass the ultracapacitor so that power from the ultracapacitor can be used to start various system loads, such as a cathode side air compressor that provides air to the fuel cell stack. A 12 volt-to-high voltage converter is employed to provide a low power, high voltage supply from a low voltage battery to the system loads at start-up when the by-pass switch is opened, but before a fuel cell stack switch is closed.
摘要翻译：一种采用燃料电池堆和超级电容器的混合燃料电池系统。在燃料电池堆和超级电容器之间的高压电气总线上提供二极管，使得来自超级电容器的高电压不影响燃料电池堆的操作。在系统启动期间，旁路开关闭合以绕过超级电容器，使得来自超级电容器的功率可以用于启动各种系统负载，例如向燃料电池堆提供空气的阴极侧空气压缩机。采用12伏至高电压转换器，当旁路开关打开时，在燃料电池堆开关为燃料电池堆叠开关之前，从低电压电池向起动时的系统负载提供低功率高电压电源关闭。

9. 发明授权

US06706430B2 Electronic by-pass of fuel cell cathode gas to combustor 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池阴极气体向燃烧器的电子旁路
公开(公告)号：US06706430B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-16
申请号：US09848476
申请日：2001-05-03
申请人： William S. Wheat , Derek S. Kilmer , Bruce J. Clingerman , Matthew K. Hortop
发明人： William S. Wheat , Derek S. Kilmer , Bruce J. Clingerman , Matthew K. Hortop
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04126 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04425 , H01M8/04835
摘要： A gas flow control system for a fuel cell includes a gas supply and a humidifier. A fuel cell stack includes a cathode flow line with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the cathode flow line is connected to the outlet of the humidifier. A combustor includes an inlet that receives gas from the outlet of the cathode flow line. A valve and a bypass line bypass gas around the humidifier and the fuel cell stack to the combustor. The valve is preferably one of a gas restriction valve, a throttle valve, and a directional valve. A gas flow sensor generates a gas flow signal based on gas flowing through at least one of the humidifier, the cathode flow line of the fuel cell stack, and the bypass line. A flow controller that is connected to the gas flow sensor and the valve controls the valve based on the gas flow signal.
摘要翻译：用于燃料电池的气体流量控制系统包括气体供应和加湿器。燃料电池堆包括具有入口和出口的阴极流线。阴极流线的入口连接到加湿器的出口。燃烧器包括从阴极流动管线的出口接收气体的入口。一个阀门和一个旁路管路将加湿器和燃料电池组件周围的气体旁路到燃烧室。阀优选为气体限制阀，节流阀和方向阀之一。气体流量传感器基于流过加湿器，燃料电池堆的阴极流动线路和旁路管线中的至少一个的气体产生气体流动信号。连接到气体流量传感器的流量控制器和阀根据气体流量信号控制阀门。

10. 发明授权

US07968240B2 System and method for shorting a fuel cell stack 有权
标题翻译：用于短路燃料电池堆的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07968240B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-28
申请号：US12014272
申请日：2008-01-15
申请人： Clark G. Hochgraf , Robert S. Foley , Matthew K. Hortop , Balasubramanian Lakshmanan
发明人： Clark G. Hochgraf , Robert S. Foley , Matthew K. Hortop , Balasubramanian Lakshmanan
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/24 , H01M8/22
CPC分类号： H01M8/04238 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/0488 , H01M8/0491
摘要： A fuel cell system is provided that includes a fuel cell stack with a plurality of fuel cells and a power converter in electrical communication with the fuel cell stack. The power converter is configured to selectively regulate a power of the fuel cell stack and short circuit the fuel cell stack, as desired. A method for starting the fuel cell stack is also described, including the steps of causing a short circuit of the fuel cell stack by placing the power converter in a short circuit mode; introducing a hydrogen to the anodes of the fuel cell stack to displace a quantity of air on the anodes; and placing the power converter in a power regulation mode. A degradation of the fuel cell stack during start-up is thereby militated against.
摘要翻译：提供一种燃料电池系统，其包括具有多个燃料电池的燃料电池堆和与燃料电池堆电连通的电力转换器。功率转换器被配置为根据需要选择性地调节燃料电池堆的功率并使燃料电池堆短路。还描述了用于启动燃料电池堆的方法，包括通过将功率转换器置于短路模式来引起燃料电池堆的短路的步骤; 向燃料电池堆的阳极引入氢以置换阳极上的空气量; 并将功率转换器置于功率调节模式。因此，在启动期间燃料电池堆的劣化因此受到阻碍。

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