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1. 发明授权

US06610953B1 Item defect detection apparatus and method 失效
标题翻译：项目缺陷检测装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US06610953B1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-26
申请号：US09350640
申请日：1999-07-09
申请人： Yang Tao , Zhiqing Wen
发明人： Yang Tao , Zhiqing Wen
IPC分类号： B07C500
CPC分类号： B07C5/342 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/359
摘要： A method and apparatus is provided which addresses the drawbacks of the prior art and which incorporates two separate imaging devices, one near-infrared and one mid-infrared imaging device which simultaneously capture images of the passing objects. The background information is removed and images of the objects remain. A spherical optical transform and a defect preservation transform preserve any defect levels on objects and compensate for the non-lambertian gradient reflectants on spherical objects at their curvatures and dimensions. The processed images provided by the mid-infrared camera are subtracted from the images provided by the near-infrared camera to produce an image of just defects which are analyzed to produce the separation or sorting control signals based on defect rejection decisions and user parameters to signal appropriate mechanical actions (driver commands) to separate objects with defects from those that do not contain defects, or to sort or categorize objects based on the amount, type, size, or character of the defects. At least a portion of the exterior surface of each item or object to be inspected must be raised by about 5-15° C. or more so that the cameras can provide an image of a difference in temperature between outer smooth healthy surface and the cavity at the stem-end, the stem, and calyx of an apple or a similar depression, cavity, protrusion, or the like in another object or item. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, heated brush rollers are used to quickly heat the exterior of apples passing along a conveyor to provide the necessary change in temperature to allow the cameras to provide an image of defects, stem-end, stem, and/or calyx.
摘要翻译：提供了解决现有技术的缺陷的方法和装置，其包括两个单独的成像装置，一个近红外和一个中红外成像装置，其同时捕获通过物体的图像。将删除背景信息，并保留对象的图像。球面光学变换和缺陷保存变换保留物体上的任何缺陷水平，并在其曲率和尺寸上补偿球面物体上的非朗伯梯度反射体。由中红外摄像机提供的处理后的图像从近红外摄像机提供的图像中减去，以产生正确缺陷的图像，这些图像被分析，以产生基于缺陷拒绝决定和用户参数的信号分离或排序控制信号根据缺陷的数量，类型，大小或特征，对具有缺陷缺陷的对象进行适当的机械动作（驱动程序命令），或对对象进行排序或分类。要检查的每个物品或物体的外表面的至少一部分必须提高大约5-15℃或更多，使得照相机可以提供外部平滑的健康表面和空腔之间的温度差异的图像在另一物体或物品中的茎端，苹果的茎和萼或类似的凹陷，空腔，突起等。根据本发明的一个实施例，加热的刷辊用于快速加热沿着输送机通过的苹果的外部，以提供必要的温度变化，以允许相机提供缺陷，茎端，茎，和/或花萼。

2. 发明授权

US06271520B1 Item defect detection apparatus and method 失效
标题翻译：项目缺陷检测装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US06271520B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-07
申请号：US09046270
申请日：1998-03-23
申请人： Yang Tao , Zhiqing Wen
发明人： Yang Tao , Zhiqing Wen
IPC分类号： G01N2318
CPC分类号： B07C5/342 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/359 , G01N2021/8466 , Y10S250/91
摘要： A method and apparatus is provided which incorporates two separate imaging devices, one near-infrared and one mid-infrared imaging device which simultaneously capture images of the passing objects. The background information is removed and images of the objects remain. A spherical optical transform and a defect preservation transform preserve any defect levels on objects and compensate for the non-lambertian gradient reflectance on spherical objects at their curvatures and dimensions. The processed images provided by the mid-infrared camera are subtracted from the images provided by the near-infrared camera to produce an image of just defects which are analyzed to produce the separation or sorting control signals based on defect rejection decisions and user parameters to signal appropriate mechanical actions (driver commands) to separate objects with defects from those that do not contain defects, or to sort or categorize objects based on the amount, type, size, or character of the defects. At least a portion of the exterior surface of each item or object to be inspected must be raised by about 5-15° C. or more so that the cameras can provide an image of a difference in temperature between outer smooth healthy surface and the cavity at the stem-end, the stem, and calyx of an apple or a similar depression, cavity, protrusion, or the like in another object or item. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, heated brush rollers are used to quickly heat the exterior of apples passing along a conveyor to provide the necessary change in temperature to allow the cameras to provide an image of defects, stem-end, stem, and/or calyx.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法和装置，其包括两个单独的成像装置，一个近红外和一个中红外成像装置，其同时捕获通过物体的图像。将删除背景信息，并保留对象的图像。球面光学变换和缺陷保存变换保留物体上的任何缺陷水平，并在球体的曲率和尺寸上补偿球面物体上的非朗伯梯度反射率。由中红外摄像机提供的处理后的图像从近红外摄像机提供的图像中减去，以产生正确缺陷的图像，这些图像被分析，以产生基于缺陷拒绝决定和用户参数的信号分离或排序控制信号根据缺陷的数量，类型，大小或特征，对具有缺陷缺陷的对象进行适当的机械动作（驱动程序命令），或对对象进行排序或分类。要检查的每个物品或物体的外表面的至少一部分必须提高大约5-15℃或更多，使得照相机可以提供外部平滑的健康表面和空腔之间的温度差异的图像在另一物体或物品中的茎端，苹果的茎和萼或类似的凹陷，空腔，突起等。根据本发明的一个实施例，加热的刷辊用于快速加热沿着输送机通过的苹果的外部，以提供必要的温度变化，以允许相机提供缺陷，茎端，茎，和/或花萼。

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