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1. 发明申请

US20120018962A1 STIFFNESS CONTROL USING SMART ACTUATORS 失效
标题翻译：使用智能执行器的严格控制
公开(公告)号：US20120018962A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-26
申请号：US12841232
申请日：2010-07-22
申请人： Shivaram AC , Amol G. Thakare , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Srinivasan Suryanarayan
发明人： Shivaram AC , Amol G. Thakare , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Srinivasan Suryanarayan
IPC分类号： B60G17/00 , F16F7/00 , F16F15/00 , F16F3/00
CPC分类号： B60G17/021 , B60G17/025 , B60G2202/42 , F16F3/04 , F16F7/082 , F16F2224/0258
摘要： A stiffness control system and apparatus includes one or more stiffness elements which are each activated by a smart actuator including a smart material which may be one of a shape memory alloy (SMA), a magnetorheological (MR) fluid, an electrorheological (ER) fluid, and a piezo-stack. The stiffness control system includes a first and second interface adaptable to transmit input loads and a plurality of stiffness elements. A first stiffness element is operatively connected to the first and second interfaces and is continuously responsive to a change in system operating characteristics including input loads. A second stiffness element is selectively activated by the smart actuator so as to selectively respond to a change in system conditions. The continuous response of the first stiffness element can be selectively combined with the activated response of the second stiffness element to dynamically control system stiffness.
摘要翻译：刚度控制系统和装置包括一个或多个刚度元件，每个刚度元件由智能致动器激活，智能致动器包括智能材料，该智能材料可以是形状记忆合金（SMA），磁流变（MR）流体，电流变（ER）流体，和压电叠层。刚度控制系统包括适于传递输入负载的第一和第二接口以及多个刚度元件。第一刚度元件可操作地连接到第一和第二接口，并且连续地响应于包括输入负载的系统操作特性的变化。第二刚度元件由智能致动器选择性地启动，以便选择性地响应于系统条件的变化。可以选择性地将第一刚度元件的连续响应与第二刚度元件的激活响应组合以动态地控制系统刚度。

2. 发明申请

US20130015931A1 TUNABLE STIFFNESS ACTUATOR 审中-公开
标题翻译：可调节致动器
公开(公告)号：US20130015931A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-17
申请号：US13454566
申请日：2012-04-24
申请人： Shivaram AC , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla
发明人： Shivaram AC , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla
IPC分类号： H01F7/08
CPC分类号： F03G7/065
摘要： An actuator adaptable for tunable stiffness control is provided, including a stiffness element including a smart material, and a magnetically actuated biasing element. The biasing element is configured to provide a non-linear or variable bias force on the stiffness element. The smart material may be a shape memory alloy, and the biasing element may be configured to include a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a magnetic shape memory alloy, or a combination of these. The stiffness element and the biasing element of the actuator may be configured in parallel with each other, or may be configured in series with each other. The bias force may be provided in response to an input defined by one or more of fatigue, functional degradation, aging, shakedown, elongation, and operating environment of the stiffness element of the actuator, or defined by an operating characteristic of the actuator or a device controlled by the actuator.
摘要翻译：提供了适用于可调节刚度控制的致动器，包括包括智能材料的刚度元件和磁致动偏置元件。偏置元件构造成在刚度元件上提供非线性或可变偏置力。智能材料可以是形状记忆合金，并且偏置元件可以被配置为包括永磁体，电磁体，磁形记忆合金或它们的组合。致动器的刚度元件和偏置元件可以彼此并联配置，或者可以彼此串联配置。偏置力可以响应于由致动器的刚度元件的疲劳，功能退化，老化，松动，伸长和操作环境中的一个或多个所限定的输入而提供，或由致动器的操作特性或设备由执行器控制。

3. 发明授权

US07669918B2 Tunable vehicle structural members and methods for selectively changing the mechanical properties thereto 有权
标题翻译：可调谐车辆结构构件和用于选择性地改变机械性能的方法
公开(公告)号：US07669918B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-02
申请号：US11008424
申请日：2004-12-09
申请人： Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Alan L. Browne , Nancy L. Johnson
发明人： Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Alan L. Browne , Nancy L. Johnson
IPC分类号： B60J11/00
CPC分类号： B62D29/00 , B62D21/15 , B62D25/00
摘要： Tunable structural member for a vehicle generally comprises an active material adapted to selectively undergo a change in at least one attribute in response to an activation signal. The change in the at least one attribute results in a change in the mechanical properties of the tunable structural member. Active materials generally include shape memory alloys, shape memory polymers, magnetorheological fluids and elastomers, piezoelectrics, electroactive polymers, and the like.
摘要翻译：用于车辆的可调谐结构构件通常包括适于响应于激活信号选择性地经历至少一个属性的改变的活性材料。至少一个属性的改变导致可调结构件的机械性能的改变。活性材料通常包括形状记忆合金，形状记忆聚合物，磁流变流体和弹性体，压电体，电活性聚合物等。

4. 发明授权

US07188498B2 Reconfigurable tools and/or dies, reconfigurable inserts for tools and/or dies, and methods of use 有权
标题翻译：可重新配置的工具和/或模具，用于工具和/或模具的可重新配置的插入件以及使用方法
公开(公告)号：US07188498B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-13
申请号：US11293881
申请日：2005-12-02
申请人： Alan L. Browne , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Nancy L. Johnson
发明人： Alan L. Browne , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Nancy L. Johnson
IPC分类号： B23P11/02 , B21D9/15 , B30B12/00
CPC分类号： B21D37/01 , Y10T29/49805
摘要： A reconfigurable tool and/or die geometry and methods of use generally comprise forming at least a portion of a shape defining surface with a shape memory material. In response to an activation signal, the shape memory material changes geometry of the shape defining surface to provide a means for forming parts with different geometries from the same tool and/or die. In an alternative embodiment, an insert for a tool and/or die can be used, wherein the insert has at least a portion of its shape defining surface formed of a shape memory material. Also disclosed are processes for forming a first part with a defined geometry and a second part with a defined geometry different from the first part defined geometry using a reconfigurable tool and/or die as well as a reconfigurable insert with a standard tool and/or die.
摘要翻译：可重构工具和/或模具几何形状和使用方法通常包括用形状记忆材料形成形状限定表面的至少一部分。响应于激活信号，形状记忆材料改变形状限定表面的几何形状以提供用于从相同的工具和/或模具形成具有不同几何形状的部件的装置。在替代实施例中，可以使用用于工具和/或模具的插入件，其中插入件具有由形状记忆材料形成的其形状限定表面的至少一部分。还公开了使用可重构工具和/或模具形成具有限定几何形状的第一部分和具有与第一部分限定几何形状不同的限定几何形状的第二部分以及具有标准工具和/或模具的可重新配置插入件的过程。

5. 发明申请

US20120065744A1 MODEL BASED CONTROL OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY DEVICE 审中-公开
标题翻译：形状记忆合金装置的模型控制
公开(公告)号：US20120065744A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-15
申请号：US12878265
申请日：2010-09-09
申请人： Ravindra Brammajyosula , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Ashish Khandelwal
发明人： Ravindra Brammajyosula , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Ashish Khandelwal
IPC分类号： G05B13/02 , G06G7/48 , G06F17/10
CPC分类号： F03G7/065
摘要： A method of modeling a Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) element to predict a response of the SMA element includes obtaining the resistivity of the SMA element over a range of a physical property of the SMA element; correlating variations in the obtained resistivity with respect to the physical property of the SMA element to identify behavioral differences in the resistivity for the different phases of the SMA element; calculating a rate of change of the resistivity of the SMA element over a period of time; calculating the derivative of the rate of change in the resistivity of the SMA element over the period of time; and comparing real time data of the physical property to the derivative of the rate of change to predict the response of the shape memory alloy element.
摘要翻译：对形状记忆合金（SMA）元件建模以预测SMA元件的响应的方法包括在SMA元件的物理性质的范围内获得SMA元件的电阻率; 将获得的电阻率相对于SMA元件的物理性质的变化相关联，以识别SMA元件的不同相的电阻率的行为差异; 计算SMA元件在一段时间内的电阻率变化率; 计算SMA元素在一段时间内的电阻率变化率的导数; 并将物理特性的实时数据与变化率的导数进行比较，以预测形状记忆合金元素的响应。

6. 发明申请

US20120046791A1 METHOD OF IMPROVING PERFORMANCE OF SMA ACTUATOR 审中-公开
标题翻译：改进SMA执行机构性能的方法
公开(公告)号：US20120046791A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-23
申请号：US12860937
申请日：2010-08-23
申请人： Xiujie Gao , Alan L. Browne , Nancy L. Johnson , Guillermo A. Herrera , Geoffrey P. Mc Knight , Robert B. Gorbet , Hien K. Goi , Eric Gregory Kubica , Mohamed El Dib , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Ashish Khandelwal
发明人： Xiujie Gao , Alan L. Browne , Nancy L. Johnson , Guillermo A. Herrera , Geoffrey P. Mc Knight , Robert B. Gorbet , Hien K. Goi , Eric Gregory Kubica , Mohamed El Dib , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Ashish Khandelwal
IPC分类号： G05B15/02
CPC分类号： F03G7/065
摘要： A method of improving the speed and consistency of response of a shape memory alloy actuator under varying ambient and operating conditions. The method includes probing the shape memory alloy by periodically determining an electric signal strength at which it will undergo forward or reverse phase transformation, while avoiding actual phase transformation; priming the shape memory alloy by bringing it close to phase transformation; initiating phase transformation; and maintaining the shape memory alloy in the phase transformed state. The electric signal strength at which the shape memory alloy will undergo phase transformation is determined by identifying a cusp feature in the electric resistance of the shape memory alloy which closely precedes phase transformation.
摘要翻译：一种改善形状记忆合金致动器在不同环境和操作条件下的响应速度和响应一致性的方法。该方法包括通过周期性地确定其将进行正向或反向相变的电信号强度来探测形状记忆合金，同时避免实际的相变; 通过使形状记忆合金接近相变来启动; 引发相变; 并将形状记忆合金保持在相变状态。形状记忆合金将进行相变的电信号强度通过识别紧密相变之前的形状记忆合金的电阻中的尖点特征来确定。

7. 发明授权

US09127483B2 Resettable devices 有权
标题翻译：可复位设备
公开(公告)号：US09127483B2
公开(公告)日：2015-09-08
申请号：US13570323
申请日：2012-08-09
申请人： Shivaram Ac , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Paul W. Alexander
发明人： Shivaram Ac , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Paul W. Alexander
IPC分类号： F03G7/06 , E05B47/00 , E05B83/30
CPC分类号： E05B47/0009 , E05B83/30 , F03G7/065
摘要： A device for cycling a component between a first condition and a second condition includes an element and a reset apparatus connected to and driven by the element. The element is formed from a shape memory alloy, wherein the alloy is transitionable between a martensite crystallographic phase and an austenite crystallographic phase in response to a thermal energy source. The apparatus is actuatable by the element from an initial state in which the alloy has the martensite phase and the component is in the first condition, to an actuated state in which the alloy has the austenite phase and the component is in the second condition. The apparatus is resettable from the actuated state to a reset state in which the alloy transitions from the austenite to the martensite phase while the component is in the first condition, and further resettable from the reset state to the initial state.
摘要翻译：用于在第一状态和第二状态之间循环部件的装置包括连接到元件并由该元件驱动的元件和复位装置。该元件由形状记忆合金形成，其中该合金可响应于热能源而在马氏体晶相和奥氏体晶相之间是可转变的。该装置可以通过元件从其中合金具有马氏体相并且部件处于第一状态的初始状态致动到合金具有奥氏体相并且部件处于第二状态的致动状态。该装置可以从致动状态复位到复合状态，其中合金从奥氏体转变为马氏体相，同时部件处于第一状态，并且还可以从复位状态复位到初始状态。

8. 发明申请

US20130305705A1 RESETTABLE DEVICES 有权
公开(公告)号：US20130305705A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-21
申请号：US13570323
申请日：2012-08-09
申请人： Shivaram AC , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Paul W. Allexander
发明人： Shivaram AC , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Paul W. Allexander
IPC分类号： F03G7/06
CPC分类号： E05B47/0009 , E05B83/30 , F03G7/065
摘要： A device for cycling a component between a first condition and a second condition includes an element and a reset apparatus connected to and driven by the element. The element is formed from a shape memory alloy, wherein the alloy is transitionable between a martensite crystallographic phase and an austenite crystallographic phase in response to a thermal energy source. The apparatus is actuatable by the element from an initial state in which the alloy has the martensite phase and the component is in the first condition, to an actuated state in which the alloy has the austenite phase and the component is in the second condition. The apparatus is resettable from the actuated state to a reset state in which the alloy transitions from the austenite to the martensite phase while the component is in the first condition, and further resettable from the reset state to the initial state.

9. 发明申请

US20130014501A1 TUNABLE STIFFNESS ACTUATOR 审中-公开
标题翻译：可调节致动器
公开(公告)号：US20130014501A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-17
申请号：US13471784
申请日：2012-05-15
申请人： Ravindra Brammajyosula , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla
发明人： Ravindra Brammajyosula , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla
IPC分类号： F03G7/06
CPC分类号： F03G7/06
摘要： An actuator configured for tunable stiffness control and method is provided. The actuator includes a plurality of stiffness elements, one or more of the stiffness elements including a shape memory alloy (SMA). At least one of the elements has a stiffness characteristic different from another of the stiffness elements. The stiffness elements are actuable individually or in combination to provide an intermediate actuation output, which may be provided by partially transforming the smart material of one or more stiffness elements during actuation. Two or more of the stiffness elements may be actuable in combination to provide a combined output which may be non-linear, or may be functionally substitutional for an individual output of another stiffness element. The actuator may be actuable to provide a first and second output for the substantially same input, or may be selectively actuable to offset degradation of one or more of the stiffness elements.
摘要翻译：提供了一种可调谐刚度控制器和方法的致动器。致动器包括多个刚度元件，一个或多个刚度元件包括形状记忆合金（SMA）。至少一个元件具有与另一个刚度元件不同的刚度特性。刚度元件可以单独致动或组合起来以提供中间致动输出，其可以通过在致动期间部分地转换一个或多个刚度元件的智能材料来提供。两个或更多个刚度元件可以组合起来以提供可以是非线性的组合输出，或者可以在功能上替代另一个刚度元件的单独输出。致动器可以是致动的，以为基本相同的输入提供第一和第二输出，或者可以选择性地致动以抵消一个或多个刚度元件的劣化。

10. 发明授权

US08313108B2 Stiffness control using smart actuators 失效
标题翻译：使用智能执行器的刚度控制
公开(公告)号：US08313108B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-20
申请号：US12841232
申请日：2010-07-22
申请人： Shivaram Ac , Amol G. Thakare , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Srinivasan Suryanarayan
发明人： Shivaram Ac , Amol G. Thakare , Vidyashankar R. Buravalla , Srinivasan Suryanarayan
IPC分类号： B60G17/00 , B60G17/015
CPC分类号： B60G17/021 , B60G17/025 , B60G2202/42 , F16F3/04 , F16F7/082 , F16F2224/0258
摘要： A stiffness control system and apparatus includes one or more stiffness elements which are each activated by a smart actuator including a smart material which may be one of a shape memory alloy (SMA), a magnetorheological (MR) fluid, an electrorheological (ER) fluid, and a piezo-stack. The stiffness control system includes a first and second interface adaptable to transmit input loads and a plurality of stiffness elements. A first stiffness element is operatively connected to the first and second interfaces and is continuously responsive to a change in system operating characteristics including input loads. A second stiffness element is selectively activated by the smart actuator so as to selectively respond to a change in system conditions. The continuous response of the first stiffness element can be selectively combined with the activated response of the second stiffness element to dynamically control system stiffness.
摘要翻译：刚度控制系统和装置包括一个或多个刚度元件，每个刚度元件由智能致动器激活，智能致动器包括智能材料，该智能材料可以是形状记忆合金（SMA），磁流变（MR）流体，电流变（ER）流体，和压电叠层。刚度控制系统包括适于传递输入负载的第一和第二接口以及多个刚度元件。第一刚度元件可操作地连接到第一和第二接口，并且连续地响应于包括输入负载的系统操作特性的变化。第二刚度元件由智能致动器选择性地启动，以便选择性地响应于系统条件的变化。可以选择性地将第一刚度元件的连续响应与第二刚度元件的激活响应组合以动态地控制系统刚度。

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