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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Method and application of unsymmetrically meso-substituted porphyrins and chlorins for PDT
    • 用于PDT的不对称内消旋卟啉和二氢卟酚的方法和应用
    • US09315510B2
    • 2016-04-19
    • US13119907
    • 2009-09-17
    • Arno WieheDaniel AicherChristian B. W. StarkVolker AlbrechtSusanna Gräfe
    • Arno WieheDaniel AicherChristian B. W. StarkVolker AlbrechtSusanna Gräfe
    • A61K31/409C07D487/22C07H15/26
    • C07D487/22C07H15/26
    • Biologically active compounds are provided that can be used as photosensitizers for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, particularly for PDT of cancer, infections and other hyperproliferative diseases, fluorescence diagnosis and PDT treatment of a non-tumorous indication such as arthritis, inflammatory diseases, viral or bacterial infections, dermatological, ophthalmological or urological disorders as well as providing methods to obtain them in pharmaceutical quality. One embodiment consists of a method to synthesize a porphyrin with a defined arrangement of meso-substituents and then converting this porphyrin system to a chlorin system by dihydroxylation or reduction, and if more than one isomer is formed separate them by chromatography either on normal or reversed phase silica. In another embodiment the substituents on the porphyrin are selected to direct the reduction or dihydroxylation to the chlorin so that a certain isomer is selectively formed. Another embodiment is to provide amphiphilic compounds with a higher membrane affinity and increased PDT-efficacy. In another embodiment a method to reductively cleave the osmate(VI)ester avoiding the use of gaseous H2S is provided. In another embodiment substituents are identified that via their steric and/or electronic influence direct the dihydroxylation or reduction with diimine so that one isomer is favored. Another embodiment consists of formulate the desired isomer into a liposomal formulation to be injected avoiding undesirable effects like solubility problems or delayed pharmacokinetics of the tetrapyrrole systems.
    • 提供了可用作诊断和治疗应用的光敏剂的生物活性化合物,特别是用于癌症,感染和其它过度增生性疾病的PDT,荧光诊断和PDT治疗非肿瘤适应症如关节炎,炎性疾病,病毒或细菌 感染,皮肤病学,眼科学或泌尿系统疾病,以及提供以药物质量获得它们的方法。 一个实施方案由合成具有定义的内消旋取代基排列的卟啉的方法组成,然后通过二羟基化或还原将该卟啉体系转化为二氢卟酚体系,并且如果形成多于一种的异构体,则通过色谱法分离,或者在正常或反向 相二氧化硅。 在另一个实施方案中,选择卟啉上的取代基以指导还原或二羟基化为二氢卟酚,从而选择性地形成某种异构体。 另一个实施方案是提供具有更高膜亲和力和增加的PDT功效的两亲化合物。 在另一个实施方案中,提供了避免使用气态H 2 S的还原性裂解锇酸酯(VI)酯的方法。 在另一个实施方案中,鉴定了取代基,通过它们的空间和/或电子影响直接使二羟基化或还原与二亚胺,使得一种异构体是有利的。 另一个实施方案包括将所需的异构体配制成待注射的脂质体制剂,避免不期望的作用,如四吡咯体系的溶解性问题或延迟的药代动力学。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Oral formulations for tetrapyrrole derivatives
    • 四吡咯衍生物的口服制剂
    • US08815931B2
    • 2014-08-26
    • US12768244
    • 2010-04-27
    • Susanna GräfeNikolay NifantievAlbrecht VolkerWolfgang NeubergerGerhard WielandDietrich ScheglmannAlfred FahrArno Wiehe
    • Susanna GräfeNikolay NifantievAlbrecht VolkerWolfgang NeubergerGerhard WielandDietrich ScheglmannAlfred FahrArno Wiehe
    • A61K31/40A61K9/127A61K31/498A61K9/00A61K31/409
    • A61K31/409A61K9/0065A61K9/127A61K9/1271A61K31/498
    • Oral formulations and method of formulating photosensitive agents for oral administration during photodynamic therapy (PDT) and Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) treatment are presented. The oral formulated photosensitizers show increased solubility and permeability, thus improving the bioavailability of photosensitizers at the treatment site. An orally administered photosensitizer is suitably formulated for mucosal adhesion and absorption via gastrointestinal mucosal membranes. Oral formulation provided herein use lipids and known proteins as carriers for photosensitizers by oral route. Carriers for encapsulating preselected photosensitizers include conventional liposomes, pegylated liposomes, nanoemulsions, nanocrystrals, nanoparticles, fatty emulsions, lipidic formulations, hydrosols, SMEDDS, Alpha-Feto protein (AFP), and Bovine-Serum-Albumin (BSA), fatty emulsions, hot-melt-extrudates and nanoparticles. The oral formulation, in case of a hydrophobic photosensitizer in the present invention, is stabilized using suitable surfactants/solubilizers thus preventing aggregation of the drug in the stomach and until it is absorbed in the duodenum and the small intestine. Oral formulations can be administered in the form of liquid, capsule, tablet, powder, paste or gel. Formulated drugs can be administered orally as one single dose or in multiple doses before administering PDT. In one embodiment Temoporfin (m-THPC) is used as a photosensitizer in the oral formulations. Temoporfin like many hydrophobic photosensitizers are especially suitable to be administered orally because there is no known enzyme system in the mammalian body which can metabolize Temoporfin or similar photosensitizers. Temoporfin can reach the blood system unchanged and fully active after absorption of the formulation in the gastrointestinal tract.
    • 提出了在光动力治疗(PDT)和抗微生物光动力疗法(APDT)治疗中配制口服光敏剂的口服制剂和方法。 口服配制的光敏剂显示增加的溶解度和渗透性,从而提高光敏剂在治疗部位的生物利用度。 口服给药的光敏剂适于配制用于通过胃肠粘膜进行粘膜粘附和吸收。 本文提供的口服制剂通过口服途径使用脂质和已知蛋白质作为光敏剂的载体。 用于封装预选光敏剂的载体包括常规脂质体,聚乙二醇化脂质体,纳米乳剂,纳米胶体,纳米颗粒,脂肪乳剂,脂质制剂,水溶胶,SMEDDS,α-铁蛋白(AFP)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA),脂肪乳剂,热 熔融挤出物和纳米颗粒。 在本发明的疏水性光敏剂的情况下,使用合适的表面活性剂/增溶剂稳定口服制剂,从而防止药物在胃中的聚集,直到其被吸收到十二指肠和小肠中。 口服制剂可以以液体,胶囊,片剂,粉末,糊剂或凝胶的形式施用。 配制药物可以在给予PDT之前以一次剂量或多次剂量口服给药。 在一个实施方案中,Temoporfin(m-THPC)用作口服制剂中的光敏剂。 类似于许多疏水性光敏剂的Temoporfin特别适合于口服给药,因为哺乳动物体内没有已知的可以代谢Temoporfin或类似光敏剂的酶系统。 Temoporfin可以在胃肠道吸收制剂后达到血液系统不变和充分活性。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • Oral Formulations for Tetrapyrrole Derivatives
    • 四吡咯衍生物的口服制剂
    • US20100273803A1
    • 2010-10-28
    • US12768244
    • 2010-04-27
    • Susanna GräfeNikolay NifantievAlbrecht VolkerWolfgang NeubergerGerhard WielandDietrich ScheglmannAlfred FahrArno Wiehe
    • Susanna GräfeNikolay NifantievAlbrecht VolkerWolfgang NeubergerGerhard WielandDietrich ScheglmannAlfred FahrArno Wiehe
    • A61K31/498C07D241/46A61K31/409C07D487/22A61P35/00A61P31/00A61K8/49A61Q19/00A61Q9/00
    • A61K31/409A61K9/0065A61K9/127A61K9/1271A61K31/498
    • Oral formulations and method of formulating photosensitive agents for oral administration during photodynamic therapy (PDT) and Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) treatment are presented. The oral formulated photosensitizers show increased solubility and permeability, thus improving the bioavailability of photosensitizers at the treatment site. An orally administered photosensitizer is suitably formulated for mucosal adhesion and absorption via gastrointestinal mucosal membranes. Oral formulation provided herein use lipids and known proteins as carriers for photosensitizers by oral route. Carriers for encapsulating preselected photosensitizers include conventional liposomes, pegylated liposomes, nanoemulsions, nanocrystrals, nanoparticles, fatty emulsions, lipidic formulations, hydrosols, SMEDDS, Alpha-Feto protein (AFP), and Bovine-Serum-Albumin (BSA), fatty emulsions, hot-melt-extrudates and nanoparticles. The oral formulation, in case of a hydrophobic photosensitizer in the present invention, is stabilized using suitable surfactants/solubilizers thus preventing aggregation of the drug in the stomach and until it is absorbed in the duodenum and the small intestine. Oral formulations can be administered in the form of liquid, capsule, tablet, powder, paste or gel. Formulated drugs can be administered orally as one single dose or in multiple doses before administering PDT. In one embodiment Temoporfin (m-THPC) is used as a photosensitizer in the oral formulations. Temoporfin like many hydrophobic photosensitizers are especially suitable to be administered orally because there is no known enzyme system in the mammalian body which can metabolize Temoporfin or similar photosensitizers. Temoporfin can reach the blood system unchanged and fully active after absorption of the formulation in the gastrointestinal tract.
    • 提出了在光动力治疗(PDT)和抗微生物光动力疗法(APDT)治疗中配制口服光敏剂的口服制剂和方法。 口服配制的光敏剂显示增加的溶解度和渗透性,从而提高光敏剂在治疗部位的生物利用度。 口服给药的光敏剂适于配制用于通过胃肠粘膜进行粘膜粘附和吸收。 本文提供的口服制剂通过口服途径使用脂质和已知蛋白质作为光敏剂的载体。 用于封装预选光敏剂的载体包括常规脂质体,聚乙二醇化脂质体,纳米乳剂,纳米胶体,纳米颗粒,脂肪乳剂,脂质制剂,水溶胶,SMEDDS,α-铁蛋白(AFP)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA),脂肪乳剂,热 熔融挤出物和纳米颗粒。 在本发明的疏水性光敏剂的情况下,使用合适的表面活性剂/增溶剂稳定口服制剂,从而防止药物在胃中的聚集,直到其被吸收到十二指肠和小肠中。 口服制剂可以以液体,胶囊,片剂,粉末,糊剂或凝胶的形式施用。 配制药物可以在给予PDT之前以一次剂量或多次剂量口服给药。 在一个实施方案中,Temoporfin(m-THPC)用作口服制剂中的光敏剂。 类似于许多疏水性光敏剂的Temoporfin特别适合于口服给药,因为哺乳动物体内没有已知的可以代谢Temoporfin或类似光敏剂的酶系统。 Temoporfin可以在胃肠道吸收制剂后达到血液系统不变和充分活性。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Calciumphosphate-based nanoparticles as carrier-systems for photodynamic therapy
    • 基于磷酸钙的纳米粒子作为光动力疗法的载体系统
    • US08956648B2
    • 2015-02-17
    • US13140855
    • 2009-12-18
    • Burkhard GitterSusanna GräfeArno WieheVolker AlbrechtMatthias EppleJanine SchwiertzKathirvel Ganesan
    • Burkhard GitterSusanna GräfeArno WieheVolker AlbrechtMatthias EppleJanine SchwiertzKathirvel Ganesan
    • A61P35/00A61P31/04A61K9/14A61K31/5415B82Y5/00A61K9/51A61K41/00A61K49/00
    • A61K9/5115A61K41/0057A61K41/0071A61K49/0093Y10S977/773
    • The present invention provides pharmaceutical photosensitizer-loaded nanoparticle formulations and their methods of preparation for photodynamic therapy, comprising a hydrophobic or hydrophilic photosensitizer, nanoparticulate calcium phosphate and in certain cases auxiliary reagents such as stabilizers. The calcium phosphate-based nanoparticle formulations of the present invention provide excellent storage stability and therapeutically effective amounts of photosensitizer for intravenous or topical administration. In a preferred embodiment, tetrapyrrole derivatives such as porphyrins, chlorins and bacteriochlorins, are the preferred hydrophobic photosensitizers to be formulated in calcium phosphate nanoparticle formulations for photodynamic tumor therapy. Additionally, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-phosphonooxyphenyl)porphine (pTPPP) is a preferred hydrophilic photosensitizer for photodynamic tumor therapy. In another preferred embodiment, hydrophilic cationic and anionic photosensitizers, especially those of the phenazinium, phenothiazinium and xanthenes series have been found to inactive pathogen bacteria and are the preferred photosensitizers to be formulated in calcium phosphate nanoparticle formulations for antibacterial photodynamic therapy. In another embodiment, photosensitizing nanoparticle formulations are useful to locate cells, tissues or bacteria by using fluorescence imaging methods.
    • 本发明提供负载药物的光敏剂纳米颗粒制剂及其制备光动力疗法的方法,其包括疏水或亲水性光敏剂,纳米颗粒磷酸钙,在某些情况下,辅助试剂如稳定剂。 本发明的基于磷酸钙的纳米颗粒制剂提供优异的储存稳定性和用于静脉内或局部给药的治疗有效量的光敏剂。 在优选的实施方案中,四吡咯衍生物如卟啉,二氢卟酚和细菌二氢卟酚是拟配制在用于光动力学肿瘤治疗的磷酸钙纳米颗粒制剂中的优选的疏水性光敏剂。 另外,5,10,15,20-四(4-膦酰氧基苯基)卟吩(pTPPP)是用于光动力学肿瘤治疗的优选亲水性光敏剂。 在另一个优选的实施方案中,已经发现亲水性阳离子和阴离子光敏剂,特别是吩嗪鎓,吩噻嗪和呫吨系列的亲水性阳离子和阴离子光敏剂是无活性的病原体细菌,并且是配制在用于抗菌光动力学治疗的磷酸钙纳米颗粒制剂中的优选的光敏剂。 在另一个实施方案中,光敏纳米颗粒制剂可用于通过使用荧光成像方法定位细胞,组织或细菌。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • FORMULATIONS FOR COSMETIC AND WOUND CARE TREATMENTS WITH PHOTOSENSITIZERS AS FLUORESCENT MARKERS
    • 使用光敏剂作为荧光标记的化妆和治疗护理品的配方
    • US20110021973A1
    • 2011-01-27
    • US12896614
    • 2010-10-01
    • Wolfgang NeubergerSusanna GräfeNikolay E. Nifantiev
    • Wolfgang NeubergerSusanna GräfeNikolay E. Nifantiev
    • A61M37/00
    • A61L27/50
    • Photoactive materials, such as photosensitizers, are used as fluorescent markers for in vivo detection of the distribution of the injected filler material during cosmetic treatments. In one preferred embodiment, liposomal formulated temoporfin is used, as the photoactive component, in very small concentrations along with fillers for cosmetic and wound healing applications. Fillers, which can be used in the invention, include collagen, hyaluronic acids and other synthetic or natural products which are generally used in wound healing, scar reduction and other such medical applications. In a preferred embodiment, the formulated photosensitizer is coupled to the filler so that tracking is possible over longer periods of time A liposomal formulated photosensitizer is injected with the fillers into the treatment area, and is irradiated with laser light shortly after injection. The emitted fluorescence is measured by a special non-invasive device. Thereby it is possible to monitor the injection site and the distribution of the injected solution around the injection site. When irradiated with laser or other light source, the fluorescence of the photosensitizer is detected using a fluorescence detector, which permits tracking the filler at injection site and in the injection volume.
    • 光敏剂如光敏剂被用作荧光标记物,用于在化妆品处理期间体内检测注入的填充材料的分布。 在一个优选的实施方案中,作为光活性成分的脂质体配制的temoporfin以非常小的浓度与用于化妆品和伤口愈合应用的填充剂一起使用。 可用于本发明的填充剂包括胶原蛋白,透明质酸和通常用于伤口愈合,瘢痕减少等医学应用中的其它合成或天然产物。 在优选的实施方案中,将配制的光敏剂偶联到填料,使得可以在更长时间内进行跟踪。将脂质体配制的光敏剂注射到处理区域中,并在注射后不久用激光照射。 发射的荧光通过特殊的非侵入性装置测量。 因此,可以监测注射部位和注射部位周围注射溶液的分布情况。 当用激光或其他光源照射时,使用荧光检测器检测光敏剂的荧光,其允许在注射部位和注射体积中追踪填料。