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1. 发明授权

US5493033A Process for purifying tetrachlorophthalic anhydride 失效
标题翻译：四氯邻苯二甲酸酐的纯化方法
公开(公告)号：US5493033A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-20
申请号：US252459
申请日：1994-06-01
申请人： Kyoichi Tomita , Zentaro Ueda , Seiji Maekawa
发明人： Kyoichi Tomita , Zentaro Ueda , Seiji Maekawa
IPC分类号： C07D307/89 , C07C51/573
CPC分类号： C07C51/573
摘要： In the purification of crude tetrachlorophthalic anhydride containing hexachlorobenzene as impurities, this invention relates to purification by decomposition in which crude tetrachlorophthalic anhydride is contacted with chlorine gas in fuming sulfuric acid or sulfuric anhydride in the presence of iodine or iodine trichloride to decompose the impurities and remove them or purification by washing in which hexachlorobenzene is separated by washing with a chlorinated solvent. This invention also relates to a process for purifying crude tetrachlorophthalic anhydride containing iodotrichlorophthalic anhydrides as impurities by applying a radical reaction treatment in a chlorinated solvent to convert iodotrichlorophthalic anhydrides to tetrachlorophthalic anhydride. Moreover, it relates to high-purity tetrachlorophthalic anhydride containing 10 ppm or less of hexachlorobenzene. With the process of this invention, it is possible to recover high-purity tetrachlorophthalic anhydride with extremely low contents of impurities readily in high yield.
摘要翻译：在含有六氯苯作为杂质的粗四氯邻苯二甲酸酐的纯化中，本发明涉及通过分解进行纯化，其中四氯邻苯二甲酸酐在碘或三氯化碘存在下，在发烟硫酸或硫酸酐中与氯气接触，分解杂质并除去或通过洗涤进行纯化，其中通过用氯化溶剂洗涤分离六氯苯。本发明还涉及通过在氯化溶剂中进行自由基反应处理以将碘代二氯邻苯二甲酸酐转化成四氯邻苯二甲酸酐，来纯化含有氯代三氯邻苯二甲酸酐的杂四氯邻苯二甲酸酐作为杂质的方法。此外，它涉及含有10ppm或更少六氯苯的高纯度四氯邻苯二甲酸酐。通过本发明的方法，可以以高产率回收具有极低含量杂质的高纯度四氯邻苯二甲酸酐。

2. 发明授权

US5584308A Permanent wave method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：永久波方法及装置
公开(公告)号：US5584308A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US427180
申请日：1995-04-21
申请人： Seiji Maekawa
发明人： Seiji Maekawa
IPC分类号： A45D7/06 , A45D7/04
CPC分类号： A45D7/06
摘要： A permanent wave method includes a first step of applying a reducing agent (12) to hair (10) to be permed. At this point of time the hair (10) is not yet curled around a rod and is still straight. Then, the hair is covered with a cap of vinyl, and is left in this condition until the hair is brought into a first reduced condition in which the hair is sufficiently soft and plastic to be wrapped around a rod without cracking or straining. Thereupon, the reducing agent remaining on the hair is washed away. Then, the hair is wrapped, or curled, around a rod (13), and is covered with a vinyl cap (16). Thereupon, the hair is heated in its entirety, from its root up to its end. As a result, the hair is brought into a second reduced condition in which the hair is locked in the curled pattern about the rod (13). Then, cap (16) is removed. Then, an oxidizing agent (17) is applied to the hair, and is left in this condition until the hair has been locked into a more stable curled pattern. Thereafter, rod (13) is removed from the hair, and the hair is then washed with water and is allowed to dry, completing the process of making a permanent wave. Permanent wave apparatus may be used to determine automatically whether the reduction reaction initiated in the hair by application of the reducing agent thereto has resulted in the first reduced condition of the hair. The apparatus comprises a temperature sensing device (21), a temperature indicating/alarm device (22), and a thermal insulation cap (36).
摘要翻译：永久波方法包括将还原剂（12）施加到要烫发的毛发（10）的第一步骤。在这个时间点，头发（10）还没有卷绕在杆上并且仍然是直的。然后，用乙烯基盖覆盖头发，并保持在这种状态，直到毛发进入第一还原状态，其中头发足够柔软并且塑料被缠绕在杆上而不会开裂或变形。因此，残留在头发上的还原剂被洗去。然后，将头发缠绕或卷曲在一根杆（13）周围，并用乙烯盖（16）覆盖。于是，头发从其根部整体加热到其末端。结果，头发进入第二减少状态，其中头发围绕杆（13）锁定在卷曲图案中。然后，去除盖（16）。然后，将氧化剂（17）施加到头发上，并保持在该状态，直到头发被锁定成更稳定的卷曲图案。然后，将头（13）从头发上取出，然后用水洗头发，使其干燥，完成永久波的处理。永久性波浪装置可以用于自动确定通过施用还原剂在头发中引发的还原反应是否已经导致头发的第一次减少的状态。该装置包括温度检测装置（21），温度指示/报警装置（22）和保温盖（36）。

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