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1. 发明授权

US06005994A Optical switching gate 失效
标题翻译：光开关门
公开(公告)号：US06005994A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-21
申请号：US158008
申请日：1998-09-22
申请人： Robert I. MacDonald , Jozef Straus
发明人： Robert I. MacDonald , Jozef Straus
IPC分类号： H04Q11/00 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0013 , H04Q2011/0015 , H04Q2011/0043 , H04Q2011/0052 , H04Q2011/006
摘要： The present invention relates to an optical logical AND gate comprising an erbium doped waveguide which is attenuating at a signal wavelength and responsive to pump light energy to be transmissive at a signal wavelength. A first laser pump excites a portion of the waveguide. A second laser pump excites a remaining portion of the waveguide. The waveguide is only transparent to transmit a signal if both the first and second pumps excite the waveguide together. The optical AND gate of the present invention can be used as the control element of an N.times.N matrix. A number of first ports and a number of second ports are interconnected by erbium waveguide AND gates. Pump light is switched to a selected first port. Pump light from a second pump is switched to a selected second port. Only the erbium waveguide gate interconnecting the selected first and second port is transmissive to switch a signal. All other gates are attenuating and other signals are accordingly blocked. A single signal can be switched to a selected output or to a number of outputs to achieve a broadcast function. Advantageously, active switch elements are removed from the signal path, and the signal is switched passively. This switch unit is used to advantage in a multiple stage switch architecture.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种包括铒掺杂波导的光学逻辑与门，该掺铒波导在信号波长处衰减并响应泵浦光能量在信号波长上透射。第一激光泵激发波导的一部分。第二激光泵激发波导的剩余部分。如果第一和第二泵都将波导激励在一起，则波导仅仅是传输信号才是透明的。本发明的光学与门可以用作N×N矩阵的控制元件。多个第一端口和多个第二端口通过铒波导与门互连。泵浦灯切换到选定的第一个端口。来自第二泵的泵浦光被切换到所选择的第二端口。互连所选择的第一和第二端口的铒波导管只有透射才能切换信号。所有其他门都是衰减的，其他信号被相应地阻塞。单个信号可以切换到所选择的输出或多个输出以实现广播功能。有利地，有源开关元件从信号路径移除，并且信号被动被切换。该开关单元在多级开关架构中被有利地使用。

2. 发明授权

US5291031A Optical phase difference range determination in liquid level sensor 失效
标题翻译：液位传感器光学相位差范围测定
公开(公告)号：US5291031A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US863739
申请日：1992-04-06
申请人： Robert I. MacDonald , George D. Fraser
发明人： Robert I. MacDonald , George D. Fraser
IPC分类号： G01F23/68 , G01F23/72 , G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G01F23/68 , G01F23/72
摘要： An apparatus and electronic circuit for the measurement of fluid levels in containers. The circuit and apparatus constitute an instrument which measures fluid levels by optical means. Only light signals are used near the fluid itself. The instrument thus provides an intrinsically safe method of measuring fluid levels in the presence of explosive or flammable fluids, vapours or gasses, or in containers which must be electrically isolated.
摘要翻译：用于测量容器中液位的装置和电子电路。电路和装置构成通过光学装置测量流体水平的仪器。流体本身附近只使用光信号。因此，该仪器提供本质安全的方法，用于在存在爆炸性或易燃液体，蒸气或气体或必须电隔离的容器中测量流体水平。

3. 发明授权

US4783850A Optoelectronic compound switching matrix 失效
标题翻译：光电复合开关矩阵
公开(公告)号：US4783850A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-08
申请号：US586776
申请日：1984-03-07
申请人： Robert I. MacDonald , Kenneth O. Hill
发明人： Robert I. MacDonald , Kenneth O. Hill
IPC分类号： H04Q3/52 , H04B9/00
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0058
摘要： Optoelectronic switching matrix which switches multiplexed input signals to narrowband output lines. Each crosspoint of the matrix is comprised of a heterodyning photosensor, which optically receives the multiplexed input signal and electrically receives a selectable local oscillator signal. The difference frequency can thus be selected to be within the passband of a low pass filter whereby narrowband output signals can be received from the input signals without requiring the use of a demultiplexer.
摘要翻译：将多路复用输入信号切换到窄带输出线的光电开关矩阵。矩阵的每个交叉点由外差光电传感器组成，光传感器光学地接收复用的输入信号并电接收可选择的本地振荡器信号。因此，差频可以选择在低通滤波器的通带内，从而可以从输入信号接收窄带输出信号，而不需要使用解复用器。

4. 发明授权

US4699449A Optoelectronic assembly and method of making the same 失效
标题翻译：光电组装及其制作方法
公开(公告)号：US4699449A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-13
申请号：US708511
申请日：1985-03-05
申请人： Dennis K. W. Lam , Robert I. MacDonald
发明人： Dennis K. W. Lam , Robert I. MacDonald
IPC分类号： G02B6/12 , G02B6/42 , H01L31/09 , H03K17/78
CPC分类号： H03K17/78 , G02B6/12002 , G02B6/4204 , G02B6/4249 , H01L31/09
摘要： An optoelectronic assembly for converting a signal between optical and electrical form, or vice versa, consists of a dielectric substrate and a semiconductor substrate. These substrates are fabricated separately and then brought together with major faces in intimate contact with each other. The dielectric substrate has a pair of metallic electrodes on its surface and a waveguide extending to a coupling region. The semiconductor substrate has an active optoelectronic device, e.g. a photodetector or light emitting device, whose optically active portion is brought into optically coupling relationship with the coupling region of the waveguide. At the same time electrically contacting regions of the optoelectronic device are placed in electrical contact with respective ones of the pair of metallic electrodes on the dielectric substrate. In addition to the advantage of separate fabrication of the two substrates, with consequent avoidance of the process incompatabilities that arise when trying to form optical and electronic elements on the same substrate, the invention is especially well suited to the formation of large scale integrated optoelectronic circuits and switching networks.
摘要翻译：用于在光学和电气形式之间转换信号的光电组件（反之亦然）由电介质衬底和半导体衬底组成。这些基板分开制造，然后与主要表面彼此紧密接触。电介质基板在其表面上具有一对金属电极和延伸到耦合区域的波导。半导体衬底具有有源光电器件，例如，光电检测器或发光器件，其光学有效部分与波导的耦合区域呈光学耦合关系。同时电接触光电子器件的区域与电介质基底上的一对金属电极中的相应电极电接触。除了分离制造两个基板的优点之外，由此避免了当在同一基板上形成光学和电子元件时产生的工艺不兼容性，本发明特别适用于形成大规模集成光电子电路和交换网络。

5. 发明授权

US06763154B2 Methods and structures for the control of optical waveguide devices by stress 有权
标题翻译：用于通过应力控制光波导器件的方法和结构
公开(公告)号：US06763154B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-13
申请号：US10150060
申请日：2002-05-20
申请人： Robert I. MacDonald , Barrie Keyworth , Alan J. P. Hnatiw
发明人： Robert I. MacDonald , Barrie Keyworth , Alan J. P. Hnatiw
IPC分类号： G02F1025
CPC分类号： G02B6/126 , G02B2006/12038 , G02B2006/12097 , G02B2006/12159 , G02F1/0134 , G02F1/225 , G02F2001/0142 , G02F2203/50
摘要： The invention provides polarization state changer and a phase shifter for shifting a phase of an optical signal including a waveguide having a waveguiding region for guiding the optical signal therethrough, a substrate for supporting said waveguide, and means for inducing stress on the waveguiding region for shifting the phase of the optical signal. The stress is induced by MEMS means. The MEMS means are monolithically formed on the substrate and can be actuated by electrostatical force, mechanical force, or tiltable flaps.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种偏振态变换器和移相器，用于使包括具有用于引导光信号的波导区域的波导的光信号的相位移位，用于支撑所述波导的基板和用于在波导区域上引起应力的装置光信号的相位。应力由MEMS手段引起。 MEMS装置整体地形成在基板上，并且可以通过静电力，机械力或可倾斜的襟翼来致动。

6. 发明授权

US06487334B2 Optical switch 有权
标题翻译：光开关
公开(公告)号：US06487334B2
公开(公告)日：2002-11-26
申请号：US09988267
申请日：2001-11-19
申请人： Thomas Ducellier , Rajiv Iyer , Andrew Tsiboulia , Paul Colbourne , Robert I. MacDonald
发明人： Thomas Ducellier , Rajiv Iyer , Andrew Tsiboulia , Paul Colbourne , Robert I. MacDonald
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02B6/3556 , G02B6/32 , G02B6/3516 , G02B6/356 , G02B6/3562 , G02B6/3582 , H04J14/02 , H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0015 , H04Q2011/0024 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/003 , H04Q2011/0035 , H04Q2011/0037 , H04Q2011/0043 , H04Q2011/0052
摘要： The invention provides an optical switch having an input port for launching a beam of light into the optical switch, at least two output ports, each output port for selectively receiving a beam of light, an ATO element having optical power for providing an angle to offset transformation, and beam directing means for selectively directing a beam of light from the input port to a selected one of the at least two output ports along an optical path via the ATO element. The ATO element is a lens or a mirror.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种光开关，其具有用于将光束发射到光开关中的输入端口，至少两个输出端口，用于选择性地接收光束的每个输出端口，具有用于提供偏移角的光焦度的ATO元件变换和光束定向装置，用于经由ATO元件沿着光路选择性地将来自输入端口的光束引导到至少两个输出端口中的所选择的一个。 ATO元件是透镜或镜子。

7. 发明授权

US06480644B1 Optical switching device 失效
标题翻译：光开关器件
公开(公告)号：US06480644B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-12
申请号：US09588121
申请日：2000-06-02
申请人： Robert I. MacDonald
发明人： Robert I. MacDonald
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02F1/3519 , G02F1/093 , G02F2203/055
摘要： An optical switching device for controlling an optical signal is disclosed. The optical switching device is in the form of an optical loop, the loop having two ports for launching or receiving light. A switching element is interposed within the loop for selectively launching light to one of the two ports. The switching element has a polarization rotating element for rotating the polarization of light incident thereon and a wavelength dependent filter disposed to bypass the polarization rotating element or direct a signal propagating within the loop through the polarization rotating element in dependence upon wavelength.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于控制光信号的光开关装置。光开关器件是光环路的形式，该环路具有用于发射或接收光的两个端口。开关元件插入在该回路内，用于选择性地向两个端口中的一个端口发射光。开关元件具有用于旋转入射到其上的光的偏振的偏振旋转元件和设置成旁通偏振旋转元件的波长相关滤光器，或者根据波长通过偏振旋转元件引导在环内传播的信号。

8. 发明授权

US06462858B1 Fast attenuator 失效
标题翻译：快衰减器
公开(公告)号：US06462858B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-08
申请号：US09783529
申请日：2001-02-15
申请人： Robert I. MacDonald , Lianxiang Yang , Phillipe Lonjoux , Paul Colbourne , Mohiuddin Mala
发明人： Robert I. MacDonald , Lianxiang Yang , Phillipe Lonjoux , Paul Colbourne , Mohiuddin Mala
IPC分类号： G02B2600
CPC分类号： G02B26/0825
摘要： The invention provides a fast variable optical attenuator including a reflective membrane that serves as a varifocal mirror. Electrostatic deflection of the mirror defocuses the optical system and attenuates an optical signal launched to the mirror from an input port to an output port. Since the mirror is generally limited to deflections less than 1 micron, fast attenuation within a small (
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种包括用作变焦镜的反射膜的快速可变光衰减器。镜的静电偏转使光学系统散焦，并将从反射镜发射的光信号从输入端口衰减到输出端口。由于镜子通常限制在小于1微米的偏转，所以在小（<5 dB）动态范围内实现快速衰减。通过将快衰减器与较慢的衰减器组合来提高动态范围。在优选实施例中，慢速和快速衰减器不通过光波导耦合，而是通过自由空间光学耦合或集成在同一设备中。有利地，这种紧凑的布置减少了与光纤耦合相关联的额外损耗并降低了封装成本。

9. 发明授权

US6134357A Optical switching system 失效
标题翻译：光交换系统
公开(公告)号：US6134357A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-17
申请号：US120289
申请日：1998-07-22
申请人： Robert I. MacDonald
发明人： Robert I. MacDonald
IPC分类号： G02B6/35 , H04Q11/00 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0043 , H04Q2011/0058 , H04Q2011/006
摘要： An optical switching system particularly useful in optical networks where waveguides are required from one node to several others, to provide multiple paths in the event of an outage on a particular waveguide is provided. The switching system is a one sided switch having p ports and allows any of the p ports to be connected with any other of the p-1 ports.
摘要翻译：提供了一种特别适用于需要波导从一个节点到另外一个节点的光网络，以在特定波导上发生中断的情况下提供多条路径的光学交换系统。交换系统是具有p端口的单向交换机，并且允许任何p端口与任何其他p-1端口连接。

10. 发明授权

US6011623A Fault detection system for an amplified optical transmission system 失效
标题翻译：用于放大光传输系统的故障检测系统
公开(公告)号：US6011623A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-04
申请号：US93400
申请日：1998-06-09
申请人： Robert I. MacDonald , Brian S. Kawasaki
发明人： Robert I. MacDonald , Brian S. Kawasaki
IPC分类号： H04B10/08 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： H04B10/07
摘要： A fault detection circuit and method of detecting catastrophic faults for example from a total line outage due to a transmission waveguide being inadvertently cut, includes tapping a sample of the amplified transmission multichannel signal light for analysis. The tapped light is then fed to a periodic filter such as a Mach Zehnder interferometer or a Fabry Perot etalon having a free spectral range and phase at one output that coincides with the channel central wavelengths of the transmission system. Another output of the periodic filter provides an output response that is phase shifted by 180 degrees. Two output signals from the two output two output signals are then compared, in one embodiment by using a photodiode bridge. When one output of the periodic filter has a substantially different signal energy than the other, it is assumed that no faults occur. Conversely when the two outputs are substantially similar, it is assumed that a catastrophic fault has occurred.
摘要翻译：故障检测电路和例如由于无意中切断了传输波导的总线路中断而检测灾难性故障的方法包括：对放大的传输多通道信号光的采样进行分析。然后将抽头的光馈送到周期性滤波器，例如马赫曾德尔干涉仪或法布里珀罗标准具，其具有与传输系统的信道中心波长一致的一个输出处的自由光谱范围和相位。周期滤波器的另一个输出提供相移180度的输出响应。然后比较来自两个输出两个输出信号的两个输出信号，在一个实施例中通过使用光电二极管桥。当周期滤波器的一个输出具有与另一个周期滤波器基本上不同的信号能量时，假定不发生故障。相反，当两个输出基本相似时，假设发生灾难性故障。

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