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1. 发明授权

US5636123A Traffic alert and collision avoidance coding system 失效
标题翻译：交通警戒与防撞编码系统
公开(公告)号：US5636123A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-03
申请号：US275801
申请日：1994-07-15
申请人： Richard S. Rich , Michael W. Anderson
发明人： Richard S. Rich , Michael W. Anderson
IPC分类号： G01S5/00 , G08G5/04 , G01S3/02 , G06F17/14 , G06F17/15
CPC分类号： G08G5/0008 , G01S5/0072 , G08G5/0052 , G08G5/045 , G01S2205/005
摘要： A system for coding and transmitting traffic alert and collision avoidance data between vehicles (A, B and C) traveling within a given airspace (12). The airspace is divided into a grid of volume elements (14a, 14b . . . 14i), each of which is assigned a unique pseudonoise (PN) code. A vehicle (A) traveling through the airspace determines its position using signals from Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. The vehicle's position places it within one of the volume elements in the airspace. A Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) transmitter (38) on the vehicle creates a navigation message that describes the position of the vehicle. A collision avoidance signal is then generated by modulating a carrier signal with the PN code representing the volume element containing the transmitting vehicle and with the navigation message. The collision avoidance signal is transmitted on a common communications channel using time-multiplexing based on a pseudorandom sequence. Other vehicles operating within the same airspace use a TCAS receiver to receive the collision avoidance signals broadcast from each vehicle. Each receiving vehicle in the airspace only tracks collision avoidance signals produced by vehicles located in its own and surrounding volume elements to determine if an impending collision is likely. Specifically, only the navigation messages from vehicles in the same or surrounding volume elements are decoded to determine the position of the other vehicles. Based on calculated vehicle paths, a warning of an impending collision or instructions on how to avoid a collision are provided to the operator of the receiving vehicle.
摘要翻译：用于在给定空域（12）内行驶的车辆（A，B和C）之间编码和传输交通警报和避碰数据的系统。空域被分成一个体积元素（14a，14b，...，14i）的网格，每一个都被分配一个唯一的伪噪声（PN）码。通过空域行驶的车辆（A）使用来自全球定位系统（GPS）卫星的信号确定其位置。车辆的位置将其置于空域中的一个体积元素内。车辆上的交通警报和碰撞避免系统（TCAS）发射机（38）创建描述车辆位置的导航消息。然后通过用表示包含发送车辆的音量元素的PN码和导航消息调制载波信号来产生碰撞避免信号。基于伪随机序列的时间复用，在公共通信信道上发送冲突避免信号。在同一空域内运行的其他车辆使用TCAS接收机接收从每个车辆广播的防撞信号。空域中的每个接收车辆仅跟踪位于其自身和周围的体积元件中的车辆产生的碰撞避免信号，以确定即将发生的碰撞是否可能。具体地说，仅解码相同或周围音量元件中车辆的导航消息，以确定其他车辆的位置。基于计算的车辆路径，向接收车辆的操作者提供即将发生的碰撞的警告或如何避免碰撞的指令。

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