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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Zero-order prolonged release coaxial implants
    • 零级延长释放同轴植入物
    • US08263108B2
    • 2012-09-11
    • US10177997
    • 2002-06-21
    • John W. GibsonArthur J. TiptonRichard J. HollStacey Meador
    • John W. GibsonArthur J. TiptonRichard J. HollStacey Meador
    • A61F13/00A61F2/00
    • A61K9/0002A61F2/02A61F2250/0067A61K9/0024
    • A coaxial implant has been developed using entirely biodegradable polymeric materials. As referred to herein, a coaxial implant is a device having a core containing drug, surrounded by a semi-permeable membrane that controls the rate of release of material from the core. The device is formed by extrusion, using a pre-milling and extruding step to maximize uniformity of drug dispersion within the polymeric material. In one embodiment, the polymer is processed to yield a semi-crystalline polymer, rather than an amorphous polymer. The core containing the drug and the polymer membrane(s) can be the same or different polymer. The polymer can be the same or different composition (i.e., both polycaprolactone, or both poly(lactide-co-glycolide) of different monomer ratios, or polycaprolactone outside of a core of poly(lactide)), of the same or different molecular weights, and of the same or different chemical structure (i.e., crystalline, semi-crystalline or amorphous). The core acts as a reservoir of drug, which partitions from the core polymer to form a saturated solution of at least 10% drug at the polymer membrane.
    • 已经开发了使用完全可生物降解的聚合材料的同轴植入物。 如本文所提及的,同轴植入物是具有含核心的药物的装置,被半透膜隔断,半透膜控制材料从核心释放的速率。 该装置通过挤出形成,使用预研磨和挤出步骤以最大化聚合物材料内药物分散的均匀性。 在一个实施方案中,加工聚合物以产生半结晶聚合物,而不是无定形聚合物。 含有药物和聚合物膜的核心可以是相同或不同的聚合物。 聚合物可以具有相同或不同的组成(即,不同单体比的聚己内酯或聚(丙交酯 - 共 - 乙交酯)或聚(丙交酯)核心外的聚己内酯)具有相同或不同分子量 ,以及相同或不同的化学结构(即结晶,半结晶或无定形)。 核心作为药物储存器,其与芯聚合物分隔开,以在聚合物膜上形成至少10%药物的饱和溶液。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Emulsion-based processes for making microparticles
    • 基于乳液的制备微粒的方法
    • US06440493B1
    • 2002-08-27
    • US09726108
    • 2000-11-29
    • John W. GibsonRichard J. HollArthur J. Tipton
    • John W. GibsonRichard J. HollArthur J. Tipton
    • A61K916
    • B01J13/125A61K9/1647A61K9/1694Y10T428/2984Y10T428/2985
    • Processes for making microparticles, preferably containing an active agent, are provided. In a preferred embodiment, the process involves preparing (1) a dispersed phase containing an agent in a solution of polymer and a first solvent; (2) a continuous phase containing a surfactant, and a second solvent that is totally or partially immiscible with the first solvent; and (3) an extraction phase that is a nonsolvent for the polymer, a solvent for the continuous phase components, and a solvent for the first solvent, wherein the first solvent has solubility in the extraction phase of between about 0.1% and 25% by weight. Then, the dispersed phase and the continuous phase are mixed to form an emulsion, and the emulsion is then briefly mixed with a suitable quantity of extraction phase to induce skin formation at the interface of the dispersed and continuous phases. Remaining solvent is removed by an evaporation process step. The emulsification and solvent removal steps are preferably conducted in a continuous process. The brief extraction step prior to evaporation minimizes the loss of active agent from the microparticles, and reduces the required volume of extraction phase as compared to other extraction-based processes. Alternate emulsification methods and solvent removal methods, such as incremental extraction, cryogenic extraction, or membrane separation, also are provided, and can be used in various combinations to make microparticles.
    • 提供了制备微粒,优选含有活性剂的方法。 在优选的实施方案中,该方法包括制备(1)在聚合物和第一溶剂的溶液中含有试剂的分散相; (2)含有表面活性剂的连续相和与第一溶剂完全或部分不混溶的第二溶剂; 和(3)作为聚合物的非溶剂的萃取相,连续相成分的溶剂和第一溶剂的溶剂,其中第一溶剂在萃取相中的溶解度为约0.1%〜25%之间,通过 重量。 然后,将分散相和连续相混合以形成乳液,然后将乳液与适量的萃取相短暂混合以在分散相和连续相的界面处诱导皮肤形成。 通过蒸发处理步骤除去剩余的溶剂。 乳化和溶剂去除步骤优选以连续方法进行。 在蒸发之前的简单萃取步骤使得活性剂从微粒中的损失最小化,与其它基于萃取的方法相比,减少提取阶段所需的体积。 还提供了交替乳化方法和溶剂去除方法,例如增量萃取,低温萃取或膜分离,并且可以以各种组合使用以制备微粒。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Emulsion-based processes for making microparticles
    • 基于乳液的制备微粒的方法
    • US06291013B1
    • 2001-09-18
    • US09303842
    • 1999-05-03
    • John W. GibsonRichard J. HollArthur J. Tipton
    • John W. GibsonRichard J. HollArthur J. Tipton
    • A61K916
    • B01J13/125A61K9/1647A61K9/1694Y10T428/2984Y10T428/2985
    • Processes for making microparticles, preferably containing an active agent, are provided. In a preferred embodiment, the process involves preparing (1) a dispersed phase containing an agent in a solution of polymer and a first solvent; (2) a continuous phase containing a surfactant, a second solvent that is totally or partially immiscible with the first solvent, and sufficient first solvent to saturate the continuous phase; and (3) an extraction phase that is a nonsolvent for the polymer, a solvent for the continuous phase components, and a solvent for the first solvent, wherein the continuous phase solvent has solubility in the extraction phase of between about 0.1% and 25% by weight. Then, the dispersed phase and the continuous phase are mixed to form an emulsion, and the emulsion is then briefly mixed with a suitable quantity of extraction phase to induce skin formation at the interface of the dispersed and continuous phases. Remaining solvent is removed by an evaporation process step. The emulsification and solvent removal steps are preferably conducted in a continuous process. The brief extraction step prior to evaporation minimizes the loss of active agent from the microparticles, and reduces the required volume of extraction phase as compared to other extraction-based processes. Alternate emulsification methods, such as nonstatic mixers or emulsion lag tube, and solvent removal methods, such as incremental extraction, cryogenic extraction, or membrane separation, also are provided, and can be used in various combinations to make microparticles.
    • 提供了制备微粒,优选含有活性剂的方法。 在优选的实施方案中,该方法包括制备(1)在聚合物和第一溶剂的溶液中含有试剂的分散相; (2)含有表面活性剂的连续相,与第一溶剂完全或部分不混溶的第二溶剂和足够的第一溶剂使连续相饱和; 和(3)作为聚合物的非溶剂的萃取相,连续相成分的溶剂和第一溶剂的溶剂,其中连续相溶剂在萃取相中的溶解度为约0.1%〜25% 重量。 然后,将分散相和连续相混合以形成乳液,然后将乳液与适量的萃取相短暂混合以在分散相和连续相的界面处诱导皮肤形成。 通过蒸发处理步骤除去剩余的溶剂。 乳化和溶剂去除步骤优选以连续方法进行。 在蒸发之前的简单萃取步骤使得活性剂从微粒中的损失最小化,与其它基于萃取的方法相比,减少提取阶段所需的体积。 还提供了诸如非静态混合器或乳液滞后管的替代乳化方法和溶剂去除方法,例如增量提取,低温提取或膜分离,并且可以以各种组合使用以制备微粒。