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1. 发明授权

US06845358B2 Prosody template matching for text-to-speech systems 有权
标题翻译：用于文本到语音系统的韵律模板匹配
公开(公告)号：US06845358B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-18
申请号：US09755699
申请日：2001-01-05
申请人： Nicholas Kibre , Ted H. Applebaum
发明人： Nicholas Kibre , Ted H. Applebaum
IPC分类号： G10L13/04 , G10L13/08 , G06F17/21 , G10L13/06
CPC分类号： G10L13/10
摘要： A prosody matching template in the form of a tree structure stores indices which point to lookup table and template information prescribing pitch and duration values that are used to add inflection to the output of a text-to-speech synthesizer. The lookup module employs a search algorithm that explores each branch of the tree, assigning penalty scores based on whether the syllable represented by a node of the tree does or does not match the corresponding syllable of the target word. The path with the lowest penalty score is selected as the index into the prosody template table. The system will add nodes by cloning existing nodes in cases where it is not possible to find a one-to-one match between the number of syllables in the target word and the number of nodes in the tree.
摘要翻译：以树结构形式的韵律匹配模板存储指向查找表和模板信息的索引，其中规定了用于向文本到语音合成器的输出添加拐点的音调和持续时间值。查找模块采用探索树的每个分支的搜索算法，基于由树的节点表示的音节是否与目标词的相应音节不匹配来分配惩罚分数。选择具有最低惩罚分数的路径作为韵律模板表的索引。在不可能找到目标单词中的音节数与树中节点数之间的一对一匹配的情况下，系统将通过克隆现有节点来添加节点。

2. 发明授权

US5966691A Message assembler using pseudo randomly chosen words in finite state slots 失效
标题翻译：消息汇编器在有限状态时隙中使用伪随机选择的单词
公开(公告)号：US5966691A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-12
申请号：US841043
申请日：1997-04-29
申请人： Nicholas Kibre , Yoshizumi Terada , Kazue Hata , Rhonda Shaw
发明人： Nicholas Kibre , Yoshizumi Terada , Kazue Hata , Rhonda Shaw
IPC分类号： G10L13/04 , G10L5/02
CPC分类号： G10L13/00
摘要： The operating system or application program generates events captured by an event handler mechanism that, in turn, invokes message assembler and graphics assembler modules. The message assembler constructs pseudo-random sentences or notification messages based on the type of event captured and optionally upon selected state variables. The message assembler supplies text strings to a text-to-speech engine. A linguistic database containing a lexicon of predefined words supplies text data that the message assembler concatenates to form the text strings. Text strings are assembled and optionally tagged to alter the message, speaking voice and inflection based on the nature of the message and its context. Graphics elements are assembled by a graphics assembler in response to the event handler and based on optionally supplied user-defined graphics parameters.
摘要翻译：操作系统或应用程序生成事件处理机制捕获的事件，而事件处理机制又调用消息汇编器和图形汇编器模块。消息汇编器基于捕获的事件的类型和可选地在所选状态变量上构造伪随机句子或通知消息。消息汇编器将文本字符串提供给文本到语音引擎。包含预定义词语的词典的语言数据库提供消息汇编器连接形成文本字符串的文本数据。文本字符串被组合并且可选地被标记以基于消息的性质及其上下文改变消息，说话语音和变形。图形元素由图形汇编程序组成，响应于事件处理程序并基于可选地提供的用户定义的图形参数。

3. 再颁专利

USRE39336E1 Formant-based speech synthesizer employing demi-syllable concatenation with independent cross fade in the filter parameter and source domains 失效
标题翻译：基于共振态的语音合成器，在滤波器参数和源域中采用具有独立交叉淡入淡散音节串联
公开(公告)号：USRE39336E1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-10
申请号：US10288029
申请日：2002-11-05
申请人： Steve Pearson , Nicholas Kibre , Nancy Niedzielski
发明人： Steve Pearson , Nicholas Kibre , Nancy Niedzielski
IPC分类号： G06F15/00 , G10L13/00
CPC分类号： G10L13/07
摘要： The concatenative speech synthesizer employs demi-syllable subword units to generate speech. The synthesizer is based on a source-filter model that uses source signals that correspond closely to the human glottal source and that uses filter parameters that correspond closely to the human vocal tract. Concatenation of the demi-syllable units is facilitated by two separate cross face techniques, one applied in the time domain in the demi-syllable source signal waveforms, and one applied in the frequency domain by interpolating the corresponding filter parameters of the concatenated demi-syllables. The dual cross fade technique results in natural sounding synthesis that avoids time-domain glitches without degrading or smearing characteristic resonances in the filter domain.
摘要翻译：级联语音合成器采用语音单词生成语音。合成器基于源滤波器模型，其使用与人声门源紧密对应的源信号，并且使用与人声道紧密对应的滤波器参数。通过两个单独的十字面技术来促进单音节单元的并入，一种应用在二音节源信号波形的时域中，一种应用在频域中，通过内插连接的音节的相应滤波器参数。双交叉褪色技术产生自然的声音合成，避免了时域上的毛刺，而不会降低或污染过滤器域中的特征谐振。

4. 发明授权

US06985862B2 Histogram grammar weighting and error corrective training of grammar weights 有权
标题翻译：语法权重的直方图语法加权和误差校正训练
公开(公告)号：US06985862B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-10
申请号：US09816743
申请日：2001-03-22
申请人： Nikko Ström , Nicholas Kibre
发明人： Nikko Ström , Nicholas Kibre
IPC分类号： G01L15/00
CPC分类号： G10L15/197
摘要： A multi-level method for estimating and training weights associated with grammar options is presented. The implementation of the method implemented differs depending on the amount of utterance data available for each option to be tuned. A first implementation, modified maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), can be used to estimate weights for a grammar option when few utterances are available for the option. Option weights are then estimated using an obtainable statistic that creates a basis for the predictability model. A second implementation, error corrective training (ECT), can be used to estimate option weight when a sufficiently large number of utterances are available. The ECT method minimizes the errors in the score of the correct interpretation of the utterance and the highest scoring incorrect interpretation in an utterance training set. The ECT method is iterated to converge on a solution for option weights.
摘要翻译：提出了一种用于估计和训练与语法选项相关联的权重的多级方法。所实现的方法的实现取决于可调整每个选项的话语数据的数量。修改最大似然估计（MLE）的第一个实现可以用于估计语法选项的权重，因为该选项的话语少。然后使用可获得的统计量来估计期权权重，该统计量为可预测性模型创建基础。第二个实施方案，误差校正训练（ECT）可用于在足够大量的话语可用时估计选项权重。 ECT方法最大限度地减少话语训练集中正确解释发音和最高评分不正确解释的分数误差。迭代ECT方法以收敛于选项权重的解。

5. 发明授权

US6144939A Formant-based speech synthesizer employing demi-syllable concatenation with independent cross fade in the filter parameter and source domains 有权
标题翻译：基于共振态的语音合成器，在滤波器参数和源域中采用具有独立交叉淡入淡散音节串联
公开(公告)号：US6144939A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-07
申请号：US200327
申请日：1998-11-25
申请人： Steve Pearson , Nicholas Kibre , Nancy Niedzielski
发明人： Steve Pearson , Nicholas Kibre , Nancy Niedzielski
IPC分类号： G10L13/04 , G10L13/06 , G06F15/00 , G10L13/00
CPC分类号： G10L13/07
摘要： The concatenative speech synthesizer employs demi-syllable subword units to generate speech. The synthesizer is based on a source-filter model that uses source signals that correspond closely to the human glottal source and that uses filter parameters that correspond closely to the human vocal tract. Concatenation of the demi-syllable units is facilitated by two separate cross fade techniques, one applied in the time domain to the demi-syllable source signal waveforms, and one applied in the frequency domain by interpolating the corresponding filter parameters of the concatenated demi-syllables. The dual cross fade technique results in natural sounding synthesis that avoids time-domain glitches without degrading or smearing characteristic resonances in the filter domain.
摘要翻译：级联语音合成器采用语音单词生成语音。合成器基于源滤波器模型，其使用与人声门源紧密对应的源信号，并且使用与人声道紧密对应的滤波器参数。通过两个单独的交叉淡入淡出技术促进了单音节单元的连接，一种在时域中应用于二音节源信号波形，一种在频域中应用，通过内插连接的音节的相应滤波器参数。双交叉褪色技术产生自然的声音合成，避免了时域上的毛刺，而不会降低或污染过滤器域中的特征谐振。

6. 发明授权

US06792407B2 Text selection and recording by feedback and adaptation for development of personalized text-to-speech systems 有权
标题翻译：通过反馈和适应的文本选择和记录来开发个性化的文本到语音系统
公开(公告)号：US06792407B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-14
申请号：US09821973
申请日：2001-03-30
申请人： Nicholas Kibre , Steven Pearson , Brian Hanson , Jean-Claude Junqua
发明人： Nicholas Kibre , Steven Pearson , Brian Hanson , Jean-Claude Junqua
IPC分类号： G10L1306
CPC分类号： G10L13/047 , G10L13/04
摘要： A new speaker provides speech from which comparison snippets are extracted. The comparison snippets are compared with initial snippets stored in a recorded snippet database that is associated with a concatenative synthesizer. The comparison of the snippets to the initial snippets produces required sound units. A greedy selection algorithm is performed with the required sound units for identifying the smallest subset of the input text that contains all of the text for the new speaker to read. The new speaker then reads the optimally selected text and sound units are extracted from the human speech such that the recorded snippet database is modified and the speech synthesized adopts the voice quality and characteristics of the new speaker.
摘要翻译：一个新的演讲者提供了从中提取比较片段的演讲。将比较片段与存储在与级联合成器相关联的记录片段数据库中的初始片段进行比较。代码段与初始代码段的比较会产生所需的声音单位。使用所需的声音单元执行贪婪选择算法，用于识别包含要被读取的新发言者的所有文本的输入文本的最小子集。然后，新的扬声器读取最佳选择的文本，并且从人类语音中提取声音单元，使得记录的片段数据库被修改并且合成的语音采用新的说话者的语音质量和特征。

7. 发明授权

US06202049B1 Identification of unit overlap regions for concatenative speech synthesis system 失效
标题翻译：串联语音合成系统单元重叠区域的识别
公开(公告)号：US06202049B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-13
申请号：US09264981
申请日：1999-03-09
申请人： Nicholas Kibre , Steve Pearson
发明人： Nicholas Kibre , Steve Pearson
IPC分类号： G10L1306
CPC分类号： G10L13/07
摘要： Speech signal parameters are extracted from time-series data corresponding to different sound units containing the same vowel. The extracted parameters are used to train a statistical model, such as a Hidden Markov-based Model, that has a data structure for separately modeling the nuclear trajectory region of the vowel and its surrounding transition elements. The model is trained as through embedded re-estimation to automatically determine optimally aligned models that identify the nuclear trajectory region. The boundaries of the nuclear trajectory region serve to delimit the overlap region for subsequent sound unit concatenation.
摘要翻译：从与包含相同元音的不同声音单元对应的时间序列数据中提取语音信号参数。提取的参数用于训练诸如基于隐马尔可夫模型的统计模型，其具有用于分别建模元音的核轨迹区域及其周围过渡元素的数据结构。该模型通过嵌入式重估进行训练，以自动确定识别核轨迹区域的最佳对齐模型。核轨迹区域的边界用于限定后续声音单元连接的重叠区域。

8. 发明授权

US5878393A High quality concatenative reading system 失效
标题翻译：高品质串联阅读系统
公开(公告)号：US5878393A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-02
申请号：US709581
申请日：1996-09-09
申请人： Kazue Hata , Nicholas Kibre
发明人： Kazue Hata , Nicholas Kibre
IPC分类号： G06F3/16 , G10L13/06 , G10L13/08 , G10L5/02
CPC分类号： G10L13/07 , G10L13/04
摘要： Computer-stored text, such as numerical information, is processed by a word list generator to develop a word list corresponding to those words that are to be spoken by the system. The word list generator assigns a prosodic environment state or token to each entry in the list. The prosodic environment identifies how the word functions in its current prosodic context. Different intonations are applied based on the prosodic environment. Next, the preceding and adjacent words are examined to determine how each word may need to be pronounced differently, based on the ending phoneme of the preceding word and the beginning phoneme of the following word. Using this phonological information along with the prosodic information, a sample list is generated by accessing a dictionary of stored samples. The sample list is then serially played through suitable digital-to-analog conversion circuitry to generate the text-to-speech output. The result is a natural, human-like reading, complete with appropriate intonation changes suitable to the context of the text material.
摘要翻译：计算机存储的文本，例如数字信息，由单词列表生成器处理以开发与系统要讲的那些单词对应的单词列表。单词列表生成器为列表中的每个条目分配韵律环境状态或令牌。韵律环境识别词在当前韵律语境中的功能。基于韵律环境应用不同的语调。接下来，基于前一个单词的结束音素和下一个单词的起始音素来检查前一个和相邻的单词以确定每个单词如何可能需要不同地发音。使用这种语音信息以及韵律信息，通过访问存储的样本的字典来生成样本列表。样本列表然后通过合适的数模转换电路串行播放，以生成文本到语音输出。结果是一种自然的，类似人的阅读，完成适合于文本材料语境的适当的语调变化。

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