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1. 发明授权

US4586931A Auto actuatable switch, speech simulator and method for tracheotomized individuals 失效
标题翻译：自动启动开关，语音模拟器和气管切开个人的方法
公开(公告)号：US4586931A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-06
申请号：US617702
申请日：1984-06-05
申请人： Eric D. Blom , Mark I. Singer , Barry A. Harkleroad
发明人： Eric D. Blom , Mark I. Singer , Barry A. Harkleroad
IPC分类号： A61F2/20 , A61F4/00
CPC分类号： A61F2/20 , A61F4/00
摘要： A method for simulating speech in a tracheotomized individual includes providing a source of compressed air, regulating the air pressure, and controlling the flow of air from the source between a condition in which airflow is stopped and a condition in which airflow is allowed in response to actuation by the individual. The air flow is supplied to a reed to vibrate it, and the resulting vibration-modulated air flow is introduced into the pharynx of the individual, permitting the individual to articulate audibly comprehensible speech. Apparatus for carrying out this method is also described.
摘要翻译：用于模拟气管切开个体中的语音的方法包括提供压缩空气源，调节空气压力，以及在气流停止的状态和响应于气流的气流被允许的状态之间控制来自源的空气流由个人致力空气流被供应到芦苇振动，并且所产生的振动调制气流被引入到个体的咽中，允许个体清晰可听地讲解。还描述了用于执行该方法的装置。

2. 发明授权

US07025784B1 Method and apparatus for a tracheal valve 失效
标题翻译：用于气管瓣膜的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07025784B1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-11
申请号：US06316055
申请日：1981-10-29
申请人： Eric D. Blom , Mark I. Singer
发明人： Eric D. Blom , Mark I. Singer
IPC分类号： A61F2/20
CPC分类号： A61F2/20 , A61F2/203 , A61M16/0468
摘要： An externally worn tracheal valve has a valve assembly supporting a flexible, resilient lightweight diaphragm centrally thereof. The diaphragm is folded towards the trachea so that air expelled from the trachea will tend to unfold the diaphragm to an extended position to close the valve. During normal breathing the diaphragm remains at least partially folded and the valve remains open. During voice exhalation, the diaphragm extends to close the valve. During high pressure coughing exhalation, the diaphragm may evert, opening the valve to release excessive pressure.
摘要翻译：外部磨损的气管瓣膜具有阀组件，其中心地支撑柔性，弹性轻的隔膜。隔膜朝向气管折叠，使得从气管排出的空气将倾向于将隔膜展开到延伸位置以关闭阀。在正常呼吸期间，隔膜至少部分折叠，阀保持打开。在声音呼气期间，隔膜延伸以关闭阀门。在高压咳嗽呼气期间，隔膜可以翻转，打开阀门以释放过大的压力。

3. 发明授权

US4614516A Voice prosthesis device 失效
标题翻译：声音假体装置
公开(公告)号：US4614516A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-30
申请号：US572249
申请日：1984-01-20
申请人： Eric D. Blom , Mark I. Singer
发明人： Eric D. Blom , Mark I. Singer
IPC分类号： A61F2/20
CPC分类号： A61F2/203
摘要： A low pressure prosthesis device includes a housing having a proximal end with one or more retainers extending outwardly from the proximal end, a distal end and a port operatively cooperating with a tracheostoma in the neck of a patient. The housing further includes a one-way valve structure comprising a valve seat positioned in the housing between the port and the distal end and a valve membrane hingedly mounted within the housing to cooperate with the valve seat to provide the one-way valve structure. A second retainer in the form of an annular collar extends outwardly from the housing and is positioned to abut against the esophagus tissue when the device has been positioned within a fistula connecting the esophagus to the tracheostoma. The valve membrane is movable from the closed to the opened position when air passes through the port from the tracheostoma to the esophagus to produce alaryngeal speech and sounds in the patient.
摘要翻译：低压假体装置包括具有近端的外壳，所述近端具有从所述近端向外延伸的一个或多个保持器，远端和与患者颈部中的气管插管可操作地配合的端口。壳体还包括单向阀结构，其包括位于端口和远端之间的壳体中的阀座和铰链地安装在壳体内的阀膜，以与阀座配合以提供单向阀结构。呈环形形式的第二保持器从壳体向外延伸，并且当该装置已经定位在将食道连接到气管插管的瘘内时，该第二保持器被定位成抵靠食道组织。当空气通过口腔从气管插管到食道时，阀膜可以从闭合位置移动到打开位置，以在患者体内产生喉音和声音。

4. 发明授权

US06193751B1 Tracheostoma valve with spring-loaded piston 失效
标题翻译：气管瓣带弹簧活塞
公开(公告)号：US06193751B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-27
申请号：US09184497
申请日：1998-11-02
申请人： Mark I. Singer
发明人： Mark I. Singer
IPC分类号： A61F220
CPC分类号： A61F2/20 , A61F2/203
摘要： A tracheostoma valve includes a tubular housing with an inner aperture at an inner end, and a smaller outer aperture at an outer end. The inner end of the valve is for being attached to a stoma of a patient. A shaft is positioned axially within the housing, and a rigid piston is slidable along the shaft. The piston has a smaller diameter than the interior diameter of the tubular housing, so that air can flow around it. The piston is movable between an open position intermediate of the inner and outer apertures, and a closed position against the outer aperture. The piston is biased by a spring to the open position when the air pressure is relatively low, such as during relaxed respiration, so that air may flow through the valve in either direction. At a high enough expiratory air pressure, such as that used for producing speech, the spring is collapsed and the piston is moved against the outer aperture. Expiratory air is thus diverted from the trachea into the pharynx through a conventional voice prosthesis positioned there between for producing speech.
摘要翻译：气管腔阀包括在内端具有内孔的管状壳体和外端较小的外孔。阀的内端用于附着于患者的造口。轴轴向地定位在壳体内，并且刚性活塞可沿轴滑动。活塞具有比管状壳体的内径小的直径，使得空气可以在其周围流动。活塞可以在内孔和外孔之间的打开位置和抵靠外孔的关闭位置之间移动。当空气压力相对较低时，例如在松弛的呼吸期间，活塞被弹簧偏压到打开位置，使得空气可以沿任一方向流过阀。在足够高的呼气气压（例如用于产生言语的气压）下，弹簧被塌缩并且活塞抵靠外孔移动。因此，呼气空气通过位于那里的常规声音假体从气管转移到咽部中，用于产生语音。

5. 发明授权

US4435853A Voice prosthesis device and placement tool therefor 失效
标题翻译：声音假体装置及其放置工具
公开(公告)号：US4435853A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-13
申请号：US373635
申请日：1982-04-30
申请人： Eric D. Blom , Mark I. Singer
发明人： Eric D. Blom , Mark I. Singer
IPC分类号： A61F2/20 , A61F1/20 , A61B17/00
CPC分类号： A61F2/203
摘要： A low pressure prosthesis device includes a cylindrical housing having a proximal end with strap elements extending outwardly from the proximal end, a distal end and a port operatively cooperating with a tracheostoma in the neck of a patient. The cylindrical housing further includes a one-way valve structure comprised of an annular sealing rim positioned perpendicularly in the housing adjacent the distal end and a valve membrane hingedly mounted within the housing to cooperate with the annular sealing rim to provide the one-way valve structure. An annular collar flange extends outwardly from the housing and is positioned to abut against the esophagus tissue when the device has been positioned within a fistula connecting the esophagus to the tracheostoma. The valve membrane is movable from the closed to the opened position when air passes through the port from the tracheostoma to the esophagus to produce alaryngeal speech and sounds in the patient.
摘要翻译：低压假体装置包括圆柱形壳体，其具有近端，所述近端具有从近端向外延伸的带元件，远端和与患者颈部中的气管造口操作地配合的端口。圆柱形壳体还包括单向阀结构，该单向阀结构包括垂直于壳体邻近远端定位的环形密封边缘和铰链地安装在壳体内的阀膜，以与环形密封边缘配合以提供单向阀结构。环形套环凸缘从壳体向外延伸，并且当该装置已经定位在将食道连接到气管插管的瘘内时，该凸缘定位成抵靠食道组织。当空气通过口腔从气管插管到食道时，阀膜可以从闭合位置移动到打开位置，以在患者体内产生喉音和声音。

6. 发明授权

US4911716A Surgical implant for a voice prosthesis 失效
标题翻译：手术植入物用于声音假体
公开(公告)号：US4911716A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-27
申请号：US336842
申请日：1989-04-12
申请人： Eric D. Blom , Mark I. Singer
发明人： Eric D. Blom , Mark I. Singer
IPC分类号： A61F2/20
CPC分类号： A61F2/203
摘要： A surgical implant for use in voice restoration comprises a length of coiled spring. The length of coiled spring has a first end adapted for positioning adjacent the anterior wall of the esophagus of the wearer of the surgical implant and a second end adapted for positioning adjacent the posterior wall of the trachea. A voice prosthesis device for use with the surgical implant comprises a right circular cylinder, the outside diameter of which is substantially equal to the inside diameter of the length of coiled spring. This permits insertion of the voice prosthetic device from the tracheal end of the implant thereinto, as well as removal of the voice prosthetic device for cleaning, repair, or replacement. The voice prosthetic device contains a one-way valve permitting air flow from the tracheal end thereof to the esophageal end thereof, to provide the wearer with esophageal speech.
摘要翻译：用于语音恢复的外科植入物包括螺旋弹簧的长度。螺旋弹簧的长度具有适于邻近手术植入物的佩戴者的食道的前壁定位的第一端和适于邻近气管的后壁定位的第二端。与手术植入物一起使用的声音假体装置包括右圆柱体，其外径基本上等于螺旋弹簧长度的内径。这允许将语音修复装置从植入物的气管端插入其中，以及移除用于清洁，修理或更换的声音修复装置。声音修复装置包含允许空气从其气管端流入其食管端的单向阀，为佩戴者提供食道语音。

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