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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Variable abrasive polishing pad for mechanical and chemical-mechanical planarization
    • US06309282B1
    • 2001-10-30
    • US09657764
    • 2000-09-08
    • David Q. WrightJohn K. Skrovan
    • David Q. WrightJohn K. Skrovan
    • B24B100
    • B24B37/11B24B37/24B24D7/14
    • An abrasive polishing pad for planarizing a substrate. In one embodiment, the abrasive polishing pad has a planarizing surface with a first planarizing region and a second planarizing region. The first planarizing region has a first abrasiveness and the second planarizing region has a second abrasiveness different than the first abrasiveness of the first region. The polishing pad preferably has a plurality of abrasive elements at the planarizing surface in at least one of the first or second planarizing regions. The abrasive elements may be abrasive particles fixedly suspended in a suspension medium, contact/non-contact regions on the pad, or other elements that mechanically remove material from the wafer. In operation of a preferred embodiment, the lesser abrasive of the first and second planarizing regions contacts a first area of the wafer where the relative velocity between the wafer and the polishing pad is relatively high, and the more abrasive of the first and second planarizing regions contacts a second area of the wafer where the relative velocity between the wafer and the polishing pad is relatively low. The different abrasivenesses of the first and second planarizing regions compensate for variations in relative velocities across the face of the wafer to more uniformly planarize the wafer.
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Polishing pad, methods of manufacturing and use
    • 抛光垫,制造和使用方法
    • US6090475A
    • 2000-07-18
    • US832979
    • 1997-04-04
    • Karl M. RobinsonMichael A. WalkerJohn K. Skrovan
    • Karl M. RobinsonMichael A. WalkerJohn K. Skrovan
    • B24B37/22B24B37/24B24B37/26B24D3/34B24D11/00B24D13/14B32B3/00B32B3/26B32B27/06B32B27/20
    • B24B37/245B24B37/22B24B37/24B24B37/26B24D11/00B24D3/34Y10S451/921Y10T428/21Y10T428/213Y10T428/24802Y10T428/24893Y10T428/24942
    • The present invention is directed to polishing pads useful in determining an end to the useful wear life thereof. In a simple embodiment of the present invention, a polishing pad that is used with slurries is dyed on one side in a manner that causes the dye to permeate the pad to a limited depth that does not cause total coloring. Another embodiment of the present invention involves a fixed abrasive pad that has fixed abrasives embedded into the pad to a selected depth where at least one color level is within the portion of the pad that contains the fixed abrasives. After dyeing the pad, the pad is attached to the polishing platen. During the polishing operation, a color change signals a time to stop the polishing operation and change the pad. With multiple colors in the pad, limited only by the ability to dye the pad with uniform depth levels, characteristic wear patterns can be observed and adjustments made accordingly to prolong and optimize pad life. A pad having voids and optional abrasives incorporated therein is also disclosed. The contents of each void facilitates the detection of the degree to which the polishing pad has been worn during a polishing operation. Substances may be stored within voids that are released by the breach of the voids caused abrasion during the polishing operation. Visual or audible diagnostics resulting from the breaching of voids are useful to control the polishing operation and thus increase yield.
    • 本发明涉及用于确定其有用磨损寿命结束的抛光垫。 在本发明的一个简单实施例中,与浆料一起使用的抛光垫在一侧被染色,使得染料渗透到不会引起全部着色的有限深度的方式。 本发明的另一个实施例涉及一种固定研磨垫,其具有嵌入到垫中的固定研磨剂至选定深度,其中至少一个颜色水平位于包含固定磨料的垫的部分内。 在对该垫进行染色之后,该垫被附着到该研磨台板上。 在抛光操作期间,颜色变化发出指示停止抛光操作并改变垫的时间。 在衬垫中具有多种颜色,仅受到具有均匀深度水平染色垫的能力的限制,可以观察到特征磨损图案并相应地进行调整以延长并优化垫寿命。 还公开了一种具有空隙的衬垫和其中并入的任选的研磨剂。 每个空隙的内容有助于在抛光操作期间检测抛光垫已磨损的程度。 物质可以存储在通过在抛光操作期间由于空隙引起磨损而释放的空隙中。 由于破裂导致的视觉或听觉诊断有助于控制抛光操作,从而提高产量。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Variable abrasive polishing pad for mechanical and chemical-mechanical
planarization
    • 用于机械和化学机械平面化的可变研磨抛光垫
    • US6062958A
    • 2000-05-16
    • US834524
    • 1997-04-04
    • David Q. WrightJohn K. Skrovan
    • David Q. WrightJohn K. Skrovan
    • B24B37/11B24B37/24B24D7/14B24B5/00B24B29/00
    • B24B37/11B24B37/24B24D7/14
    • An abrasive polishing pad for planarizing a substrate. In one embodiment, the abrasive polishing pad has a planarizing surface with a first planarizing region and a second planarizing region. The first planarizing region has a first abrasiveness and the second planarizing region has a second abrasiveness different than the first abrasiveness of the first region. The polishing pad preferably has a plurality of abrasive elements at the planarizing surface in at least one of the first or second planarizing regions. The abrasive elements may be abrasive particles fixedly suspended in a suspension medium, contact/non-contact regions on the pad, or other elements that mechanically remove material from the wafer. In operation of a preferred embodiment, the lesser abrasive of the first and second planarizing regions contacts a first area of the wafer where the relative velocity between the wafer and the polishing pad is relatively high, and the more abrasive of the first and second planarizing regions contacts a second area of the wafer where the relative velocity between the wafer and the polishing pad is relatively low. The different abrasivenesses of the first and second planarizing regions compensate for variations in relative velocities across the face of the wafer to more uniformly planarize the wafer.
    • 用于平坦化基板的研磨抛光垫。 在一个实施例中,研磨抛光垫具有带有第一平坦化区域和第二平坦化区域的平坦化表面。 第一平坦化区域具有第一磨蚀性,第二平坦化区域具有与第一区域的第一磨蚀性不同的第二磨损性。 抛光垫优选地在第一或第二平坦化区域中的至少一个中的平坦化表面处具有多个研磨元件。 研磨元件可以是固定地悬挂在悬浮介质中的磨料颗粒,垫上的接触/非接触区域或机械地从晶片上去除材料的其它元件。 在优选实施例的操作中,第一和第二平坦化区域的较小磨料接触晶片的第一区域,其中晶片和抛光垫之间的相对速度相对较高,并且第一和第二平坦化区域 接触晶片的第二区域,其中晶片和抛光垫之间的相对速度相对较低。 第一和第二平坦化区域的不同的磨损性补偿横跨晶片表面的相对速度的变化,以使晶片更均匀地平坦化。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Variable abrasive polishing pad for mechanical and chemical-mechanical planarization
    • 用于机械和化学机械平面化的可变研磨抛光垫
    • US06186870B1
    • 2001-02-13
    • US09378243
    • 1999-08-19
    • David Q. WrightJohn K. Skrovan
    • David Q. WrightJohn K. Skrovan
    • B24B100
    • B24B37/11B24B37/24B24D7/14
    • An abrasive polishing pad for planarizing a substrate. In one embodiment, the abrasive polishing pad has a planarizing surface with a first planarizing region and a second planarizing region. The first planarizing region has a first abrasiveness and the second planarizing region has a second abrasiveness different than the first abrasiveness of the first region. The polishing pad preferably has a plurality of abrasive elements at the planarizing surface in at least one of the first or second planarizing regions. The abrasive elements may be abrasive particles fixedly suspended in a suspension medium, contact/non-contact regions on the pad, or other elements that mechanically remove material from the wafer. In operation of a preferred embodiment, the lesser abrasive of the first and second planarizing regions contacts a first area of the wafer where the relative velocity between the wafer and the polishing pad is relatively high, and the more abrasive of the first and second planarizing regions contacts a second area of the wafer where the relative velocity between the wafer and the polishing pad is relatively low. The different abrasivenesses of the first and second planarizing regions compensate for variations in relative velocities across the face of the wafer to more uniformly planarize the wafer.
    • 用于平坦化基板的研磨抛光垫。 在一个实施例中,研磨抛光垫具有带有第一平坦化区域和第二平坦化区域的平坦化表面。 第一平坦化区域具有第一磨蚀性,第二平坦化区域具有与第一区域的第一磨蚀性不同的第二磨损性。 抛光垫优选地在第一或第二平坦化区域中的至少一个中的平坦化表面处具有多个研磨元件。 研磨元件可以是固定地悬挂在悬浮介质中的磨料颗粒,垫上的接触/非接触区域或机械地从晶片上去除材料的其它元件。 在优选实施例的操作中,第一和第二平坦化区域的较小磨料接触晶片的第一区域,其中晶片和抛光垫之间的相对速度相对较高,并且第一和第二平坦化区域 接触晶片的第二区域,其中晶片和抛光垫之间的相对速度相对较低。 第一和第二平坦化区域的不同的磨损性补偿横跨晶片表面的相对速度的变化,以使晶片更均匀地平坦化。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Polishing pad methods of manufacture and use
    • 抛光垫的制造和使用方法
    • US6136043A
    • 2000-10-24
    • US294908
    • 1999-04-20
    • Karl M. RobinsonMichael A. WalkerJohn K. Skrovan
    • Karl M. RobinsonMichael A. WalkerJohn K. Skrovan
    • B24B37/22B24B37/24B24B37/26B24D3/34B24D11/00B24D13/14D06P5/00B24B1/00D06P3/24D06P3/80D06P3/87
    • B24B37/245B24B37/22B24B37/24B24B37/26B24D11/00B24D3/34Y10S451/921Y10T428/21Y10T428/213Y10T428/24802Y10T428/24893Y10T428/24942
    • The present invention is directed to polishing pads useful in determining an end to the useful wear life thereof. In a simple embodiment of the present invention, a polishing pad that is used with slurries is dyed on one side in a manner that causes the dye to permeate the pad to a limited depth that does not cause total coloring. Another embodiment of the present invention involves a fixed abrasive pad that has fixed abrasives embedded into the pad to a selected depth where at least one color level is within the portion of the pad that contains the fixed abrasives. After dyeing the pad, the pad is attached to the polishing platen. During the polishing operation, a color change signals a time to stop the polishing operation and change the pad. With multiple colors in the pad, limited only by the ability to dye the pad with uniform depth levels, characteristic wear patterns can be observed and adjustments made accordingly to prolong and optimize pad life. A pad having voids and optional abrasives incorporated therein is also disclosed. The contents of each void facilitates the detection of the degree to which the polishing pad has been worn during a polishing operation. Substances may be stored within voids that are released by the breach of the voids caused abrasion during the polishing operation. Visual or audible diagnostics resulting from the breaching of voids are useful to control the polishing operation and thus increase yield.
    • 本发明涉及用于确定其有用磨损寿命结束的抛光垫。 在本发明的一个简单实施例中,与浆料一起使用的抛光垫在一侧被染色,使得染料渗透到不会引起全部着色的有限深度的方式。 本发明的另一个实施例涉及一种固定研磨垫,其具有嵌入到垫中的固定研磨剂至选定深度,其中至少一个颜色水平位于包含固定磨料的垫的部分内。 在对该垫进行染色之后,该垫被附着到该研磨台板上。 在抛光操作期间,颜色变化发出指示停止抛光操作并改变垫的时间。 在衬垫中具有多种颜色,仅受到具有均匀深度水平染色垫的能力的限制,可以观察到特征磨损图案并相应地进行调整以延长并优化垫寿命。 还公开了一种具有空隙的衬垫和其中并入的任选的研磨剂。 每个空隙的内容有助于在抛光操作期间检测抛光垫已磨损的程度。 物质可以存储在通过在抛光操作期间由于空隙引起磨损而释放的空隙中。 由于破裂导致的视觉或听觉诊断有助于控制抛光操作,从而提高产量。