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1. 发明申请

US20130191090A1 Iterative Inversion of Data from Simultaneous Geophysical Sources 审中-公开
标题翻译：同时地球物理资料数据迭代反演
公开(公告)号：US20130191090A1
公开(公告)日：2013-07-25
申请号：US13791252
申请日：2013-03-08
申请人： Jerome R. Krebs , John E. Anderson , Ramesh Neelamani , Charles Jing , David L. Hinkley , Thomas A. Dickens
发明人： Jerome R. Krebs , John E. Anderson , Ramesh Neelamani , Charles Jing , David L. Hinkley , Thomas A. Dickens
IPC分类号： G06F17/50
CPC分类号： G06F17/5009 , G01V1/28 , G01V2210/67
摘要： Method for reducing the time needed to perform geophysical inversion by using simultaneous encoded sources in the simulation steps of the inversion process. The geophysical survey data are prepared by encoding (3) a group of source gathers (1), using for each gather a different encoding signature selected from a set (2) of non-equivalent encoding signatures. Then, the encoded gathers are summed (4) by summing all traces corresponding to the same receiver from each gather, resulting in a simultaneous encoded gather. (Alternatively, the geophysical data are acquired from simultaneously encoded sources.) The simulation steps needed for inversion are then calculated using a particular assumed velocity (or other physical property) model (5) and simultaneously activated encoded sources using the same encoding scheme used on the measured data. The result is an updated physical properties model (6) that may be further updated (7) by additional iterations.
摘要翻译：用于在反演过程的仿真步骤中通过使用同时编码的源来减少执行地球物理反演所需的时间的方法。通过编码（3）一组源集合（1）来准备地球物理勘测数据，使用每组收集从非等效编码签名集合（2）中选出的不同编码签名。然后，通过将来自每个聚集的相同接收器的所有跟踪相加，将编码的聚集相加（4），导致同时编码的聚集。（或者，从同时编码的源获取地球物理数据。）然后使用特定的假定速度（或其他物理属性）模型（5）计算反演所需的模拟步骤，并使用与之相同的编码方案同时激活编码的源测量数据。结果是可以通过附加迭代进一步更新（7）的更新的物理属性模型（6）。

2. 发明授权

US08437998B2 Hybrid method for full waveform inversion using simultaneous and sequential source method 有权
标题翻译：使用同步和顺序源方法进行全波形反演的混合方法
公开(公告)号：US08437998B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-07
申请号：US12903744
申请日：2010-10-13
申请人： Partha S. Routh , Jerome R. Krebs , Carey Marcinkovich , Spyridon Lazaratos , Sunwoong Lee
发明人： Partha S. Routh , Jerome R. Krebs , Carey Marcinkovich , Spyridon Lazaratos , Sunwoong Lee
IPC分类号： G06G7/48
CPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V1/005 , G01V2210/67
摘要： Method for simultaneous full-wavefield inversion of gathers of source (or receiver) encoded geophysical data to determine a physical properties model for a subsurface region, especially suitable for surveys where fixed receiver geometry conditions were not satisfied in the data acquisition. First, a shallow time window of the data (202) where the fixed receiver condition is satisfied is inverted by simultaneous encoded (203) source inversion (205). Then, the deeper time window of the data (208) is inverted by sparse sequential source inversion (209), using the physical properties model from the shallow time window (206) as a starting model (207). Alternatively, the shallow time window model is used to simulate missing far offset data (211) producing a data set satisfying the stationary receiver assumption, after which this data set is source encoded (212) and inverted by simultaneous source inversion (214).
摘要翻译：源（或接收机）编码地球物理数据的同时全波场反演方法，以确定地下区域的物理性质模型，特别适用于在数据采集中不满足固定接收机几何条件的调查。首先，通过同时编码（203）源反转（205）来反转其中满足固定接收机条件的数据（202）的浅时间窗口。然后，使用来自浅时间窗口（206）的物理属性模型作为起始模型（207），通过稀疏顺序源反转（209）将数据（208）的更深的时间窗口反转。或者，浅时间窗模型用于模拟产生满足固定接收机假设的数据集的丢失远偏移数据（211），之后该数据集被源编码（212）并且由同时源反转（214）反转。

3. 发明授权

US08121823B2 Iterative inversion of data from simultaneous geophysical sources 有权
标题翻译：同时地球物理资料数据的迭代反演
公开(公告)号：US08121823B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-21
申请号：US12441685
申请日：2007-09-11
申请人： Jerome R. Krebs , John E. Anderson , Ramesh Neelamani , Charlie Jing , David Hinkley , Thomas A. Dickens , Christine E. Krohn , Peter Traynin
发明人： Jerome R. Krebs , John E. Anderson , Ramesh Neelamani , Charlie Jing , David Hinkley , Thomas A. Dickens , Christine E. Krohn , Peter Traynin
IPC分类号： G06G7/48
CPC分类号： G06F17/5009 , G01V1/28 , G01V2210/67
摘要： Method for reducing the time needed to perform geophysical inversion by using simultaneous encoded sources in the simulation steps of the inversion process. The geophysical survey data are prepared by encoding (3) a group of source gathers (1), using for each gather a different encoding signature selected from a set (2) of non-equivalent encoding signatures. Then, the encoded gathers are summed (4) by summing all traces corresponding to the same receiver from each gather, resulting in a simultaneous encoded gather. (Alternatively, the geophysical data are acquired from simultaneously encoded sources.) The simulation steps needed for inversion are then calculated using a particular assumed velocity (or other physical property) model (5) and simultaneously activated encoded sources using the same encoding scheme used on the measured data. The result is an updated physical properties model (6) that may be further updated (7) by additional iterations.
摘要翻译：用于在反演过程的仿真步骤中通过使用同时编码的源来减少执行地球物理反演所需的时间的方法。通过编码（3）一组源集合（1）来准备地球物理勘测数据，使用每组收集从非等效编码签名集合（2）中选出的不同编码签名。然后，通过将来自每个聚集的相同接收器的所有跟踪相加，将编码的聚集相加（4），导致同时编码的聚集。（或者，从同时编码的源获取地球物理数据。）然后使用特定的假定速度（或其他物理属性）模型（5）计算反演所需的模拟步骤，并使用与之相同的编码方案同时激活编码的源测量数据。结果是可以通过附加迭代进一步更新（7）的更新的物理属性模型（6）。

4. 发明申请

US20160356903A1 Method for Generating Multiple Free Seismic Images 审中-公开
标题翻译：多重自由地震图像生成方法
公开(公告)号：US20160356903A1
公开(公告)日：2016-12-08
申请号：US15071393
申请日：2016-03-16
申请人： Volkan AKCELIK , Jerome R. Krebs
发明人： Volkan AKCELIK , Jerome R. Krebs
IPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V1/38 , G01V1/30
摘要： A method, including: storing, in a computer storage device, geophysical seismic data that has been separated into a multiple-free component and a multiple contaminated component; performing, with a processor, a first full wavefield inversion process on the multiple-free component of the seismic data, wherein a first subsurface physical property model is generated; determining, with a processor, an extended target reflectivity, wherein the extended target reflectivity includes a reflectivity for each of a plurality of shots; separately performing, with a processor, a second full wavefield inversion process with the multiple contaminated component of the seismic data for each of the plurality of shots using the reflectivity corresponding to each of the plurality of shots, wherein a second subsurface physical property model is generated; and generating, with a processor, multiple-free final subsurface physical property model by combining the first subsurface physical property model and the second subsurface physical property model.
摘要翻译：一种方法，包括：在计算机存储装置中存储已经分离成多自由分量和多重污染分量的地球物理地震数据; 利用处理器对所述地震数据的多自由分量进行第一全波场反演处理，其中产生第一次地下物理属性模型; 使用处理器确定扩展的目标反射率，其中所述扩展的目标反射率包括多个镜头中的每一个的反射率; 使用与多个拍摄中的每一个相对应的反射率，利用处理器分别执行与多个拍摄中的每一个相同的地震数据的多重污染分量的第二全波场反演处理，其中产生第二次下表面物理属性模型 ; 并通过组合第一次地下物理属性模型和第二次地下物理属性模型，通过处理器生成多个无限次的最终地下物理属性模型。

5. 发明授权

US08223587B2 Full wavefield inversion using time varying filters 有权
标题翻译：使用时变滤波器的全波场反演
公开(公告)号：US08223587B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-17
申请号：US13020502
申请日：2011-02-03
申请人： Jerome R. Krebs , John E. Anderson
发明人： Jerome R. Krebs , John E. Anderson
IPC分类号： G01V1/00 , G06F17/20
CPC分类号： G01V1/282
摘要： An improved method for reducing the accuracy requirements on the starting model when performing multi-scale inversion of seismic data (65) by local objective function optimization (64). The different scales of inversion are brought about by incorporating a low-pass filter into the objective function (61), and then decreasing the amount of high-frequency data that is filtered out from one scale to the next. Moreover, the filter is designed to be time varying, wherein the filter's low-pass cutoff frequency decreases with increasing traveltime of the seismic data being filtered (62). The filter may be designed using Pratt's criterion for eliminating local minima, and performing averages (or other statistical measure) of the period and the traveltime error only with respect to source and receiver location but not traveltime (63).
摘要翻译：（65）通过局部目标函数优化（64）对地震数据进行多尺度反演（65）时，降低起始模型精度要求的改进方法。通过将低通滤波器合并到目标函数（61）中，然后将从一个比例过滤出的高频数据的量减少到下一个尺度，从而产生不同的反演尺度。此外，滤波器被设计为时变的，其中滤波器的低通截止频率随着被过滤的地震数据的行进时间的增加而减小（62）。滤波器可以使用Pratt的标准来设计，用于消除局部最小值，并且仅针对源和接收器位置而不是行进时间执行周期的平均值（或其他统计测量）和行进时间误差（63）。

6. 发明申请

US20110000678A1 Efficient Method For Inversion of Geophysical Data 有权
标题翻译：地球物理数据反演的有效方法
公开(公告)号：US20110000678A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-06
申请号：US12810721
申请日：2009-01-26
申请人： Jerome R. Krebs , David L. Hinkley
发明人： Jerome R. Krebs , David L. Hinkley
IPC分类号： E21B43/00 , G06G7/48
CPC分类号： G01V1/301 , G01V1/282 , G01V2210/50
摘要： A method for efficient inversion of measured geophysical data from a subsurface region to prospect for hydrocarbons. Gathers of measured data (40) are encoded (60) using a set of non-equivalent encoding functions (30). Then all data records in each encoded gather that correspond to a single receiver are summed (60), repeating for each receiver to generate a simultaneous encoded gather (80). The method employs iterative, local optimization of a cost function to invert the encoded gathers of simultaneous source data. An adjoint method is used to calculate the gradients of the cost function needed for the local optimization process (100). The inverted data yields a physical properties model (110) of the subsurface region that, after iterative updating, can indicate presence of accumulations of hydrocarbons.
摘要翻译：测量地球物理数据从地下区域到碳氢化合物前景的有效反演的方法。使用一组非等效编码函数（30）对测量数据（40）的收集进行编码（60）。然后，对应于单个接收机的每个编码采集中的所有数据记录相加（60），为每个接收机重复生成同时编码的聚集（80）。该方法使用成本函数的迭代局部优化来反转同时源数据的编码集合。使用伴随方法来计算局部优化过程所需的成本函数的梯度（100）。倒置数据产生地下区域的物理性质模型（110），其在迭代更新之后可以指示存在碳氢化合物的存在。

7. 发明授权

US07675818B2 Method for tomographic inversion by matrix transformation 有权
标题翻译：基于矩阵变换的断层反演方法
公开(公告)号：US07675818B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-09
申请号：US11989211
申请日：2006-07-05
申请人： Jonathan Liu , Lorie K. Bear , Jerome R. Krebs
发明人： Jonathan Liu , Lorie K. Bear , Jerome R. Krebs
IPC分类号： G01V1/28
CPC分类号： G01V1/303
摘要： Method for reducing instability and increasing computational efficiency in tomographic inversion for velocity model building. A system of tomographic equations is developed for a uniform grid. A non-uniform parameterization is found for which a linear mapping exists between the space of the uniform grid and the space of the non-uniform grid. The matrix that relates velocity to the tomographic data in the non-uniform representation is then given by the matrix product of the corresponding matrix in the uniform grid representation and the mapping matrix. Inversion can then be performed for the non-uniform parameterization on a smaller, more stable matrix.
摘要翻译：降低速度模型建立断层反演中不稳定性和提高计算效率的方法。开发了一种用于统一网格的断层方程系统。在均匀网格的空间与非均匀网格的空间之间存在线性映射，发现了非均匀参数化。然后在均匀网格表示和映射矩阵中，通过相应矩阵的矩阵乘积给出将速度与非均匀表示中的断层数据相关联的矩阵。然后可以对较小，更稳定的矩阵进行非均匀参数化的反转。

8. 发明申请

US20090120634A1 Method for Tomographic Inversion by Matrix Transformation 有权
标题翻译：矩阵变换反演的方法
公开(公告)号：US20090120634A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-14
申请号：US11989211
申请日：2006-07-05
申请人： Jonathan Liu , Lorie K. Bear , Jerome R. Krebs
发明人： Jonathan Liu , Lorie K. Bear , Jerome R. Krebs
IPC分类号： G01V1/28 , E21B43/00 , E21B47/00 , G06F17/10
CPC分类号： G01V1/303
摘要： Method for reducing instability and increasing computational efficiency in tomographic inversion for velocity model building. A system of tomographic equations is developed for a uniform grid. A non-uniform parameterization is found for which a linear mapping exists between the space of the uniform grid and the space of the non-uniform grid. The matrix that relates velocity to the tomographic data in the non-uniform representation is then given by the matrix product of the corresponding matrix in the uniform grid representation and the mapping matrix. Inversion can then be performed for the non-uniform parameterization on a smaller, more stable matrix.
摘要翻译：降低速度模型建立断层反演中不稳定性和提高计算效率的方法。开发了一种用于统一网格的断层方程系统。在均匀网格的空间与非均匀网格的空间之间存在线性映射，发现了非均匀参数化。然后在均匀网格表示和映射矩阵中，通过相应矩阵的矩阵乘积给出将速度与非均匀表示中的断层数据相关联的矩阵。然后可以对较小，更稳定的矩阵进行非均匀参数化的反转。

9. 发明授权

US5596548A Seismic imaging using wave equation extrapolation 失效
标题翻译：使用波动方程外推的地震成像
公开(公告)号：US5596548A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-21
申请号：US241889
申请日：1994-05-12
申请人： Jerome R. Krebs
发明人： Jerome R. Krebs
IPC分类号： G01V1/28 , G01V1/42
CPC分类号： G01V1/42 , G01V1/28 , G01V2210/161 , G01V2210/57
摘要： A method for producing seismic images from seismic data obtained from two different datums. Traveltimes between the two datums are determined from either measurements or an assumed velocity field. An extrapolation of the data to simulated source and receiver locations is carried out using any form of the wave equation which does not require velocity field information. After extrapolation, the data at the simulated source and receiver locations is processed using standard seismic imaging techniques. The method can be applied to simulate borehole, crosshole, or multi-borehole seismic data.
摘要翻译：一种从两个不同基准得到的地震数据生成地震图像的方法。两个基准之间的行进时间由测量值或假定的速度场确定。使用不需要速度场信息的任何形式的波动方程来进行数据到模拟源和接收器位置的外插。在外推之后，使用标准地震成像技术处理模拟源和接收器位置的数据。该方法可应用于模拟钻孔，十字孔或多井地震数据。

10. 发明授权

US5587942A 3D wave equation migration of a 2D grid of seismic data 失效
标题翻译：地震数据二维网格的三维波动方程迁移
公开(公告)号：US5587942A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-24
申请号：US205010
申请日：1994-03-02
申请人： Jerome R. Krebs
发明人： Jerome R. Krebs
IPC分类号： G01V1/30 , G01V1/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/301
摘要： A method for three dimensional migration of a two dimensional grid of seismic data. The method involves computation of three dimensional time-dip functions at the intersections of lines in the grid. Inverse raytracing is used to correctly position the reflection events in the three dimensional volume encompassed by the grid. Migration of the seismic data is performed onto image surfaces defined from the correctly positioned reflection events.
摘要翻译：一种地震数据二维网格三维迁移的方法。该方法涉及在网格中的线的交点处计算三维时间 - 倾斜函数。反射光线跟踪用于将反射事件正确定位在网格所包含的三维体积中。地震数据的迁移被执行到从正确定位的反射事件定义的图像表面上。

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