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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Cyclic two step process for production of methane from carbon monoxide
    • 从一氧化碳生产甲烷的循环两步法
    • US4242103A
    • 1980-12-30
    • US45319
    • 1979-06-04
    • Jule A. RaboLouis F. ElekJames N. Francis
    • Jule A. RaboLouis F. ElekJames N. Francis
    • B01J35/10C07C1/00C10K3/04
    • C10K3/04B01J35/10C07C1/00B01J35/1014Y10S48/06
    • Carbon monoxide-containing gas streams are passed over a catalyst capable of catalyzing the disproportionation of carbon monoxide so as to deposit a surface layer of active surface carbon on the catalyst essentially without formation of inactive coke thereon. The surface layer is contacted with steam and is thus converted to methane and CO.sub.2, from which a relatively pure methane product may be obtained. Dilute carbon monoxide-containing streams, as from underground coal gasification with air or the effluent from blast furnace operations, can be used without pretreatment to convert the carbon monoxide and/or to separate inert gases therefrom. Conversion of the active surface carbon with high pressure steam enables a high pressure product methane stream to be generated without expensive compression equipment and high energy consumption. Nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium, rhenium and alloys thereof are preferred catalysts, with the surface area thereof being preferably at least about 10 m.sup.2 /gr. Conversion of the active surface carbon can also be accomplished by contact with hydrogen.
    • 含有一氧化碳的气流通过能够催化一氧化碳歧化的催化剂,从而在催化剂上沉积活性表面碳的表面层,基本上不形成不活泼的焦炭。 表面层与蒸汽接触,从而转化为甲烷和二氧化碳,可从中获得相对纯的甲烷产物。 可以使用稀释的含一氧化碳的物流,如用空气或来自高炉操作的废气的地下煤气化,而不经预处理以转化一氧化碳和/或从其分离惰性气体。 用高压蒸汽转化活性表面碳可以产生高压产品甲烷流,而不需要昂贵的压缩设备和高能量消耗。 镍,钴,铁,钌,铼及其合金是优选的催化剂,其表面积优选为至少约10m 2 / gr。 活性表面碳的转化也可以通过与氢接触来实现。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Recovery of coal liquefaction catalysts
    • 煤液化催化剂的回收
    • US4417972A
    • 1983-11-29
    • US318171
    • 1981-11-04
    • James N. FrancisLavanga R. Veluswamy
    • James N. FrancisLavanga R. Veluswamy
    • C10G1/06B01J38/00C10G1/08B01J37/00C10G31/00
    • C10G1/086
    • Metal constituents are recovered from the heavy bottoms produced during the liquefaction of coal and similar carbonaceous solids in the presence of a catalyst containing a metal capable of forming an acidic oxide by burning the heavy bottoms in a combustion zone at a temperature below the fusion temperature of the ash to convert insoluble metal-containing catalyst residues in the bottoms into soluble metal-containing oxides; contacting the oxidized solids formed in the combustion zone with an aqueous solution of a basic alkali metal salt to extract the soluble metal-containing oxides in the form of soluble alkali metal salts of the metal-containing oxides and recycling the soluble alkali metal salts to the liquefaction zone. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottoms are subjected to partial oxidation, pyrolysis, coking, gasification, extraction or a similar treatment process to recover hydrocarbon liquids and/or gases prior to the burning or combustion step.
    • 在含有能够形成酸性氧化物的金属的催化剂存在下,在煤和类似的碳质固体的液化过程中产生的重的底部物质,在低于熔融温度 将塔底中的不溶性含金属催化剂残余物转化成可溶性含金属氧化物的灰分; 将形成在燃烧区中的氧化固体与碱性碱金属盐水溶液接触,以含金属氧化物的可溶性碱金属盐的形式提取可溶性含金属氧化物,并将可溶性碱金属盐再循环至 液化区 在本发明的优选实施方案中,底部物料经受部分氧化,热解,焦化,气化,萃取或类似的处理过程,以在燃烧或燃烧步骤之前回收烃类液体和/或气体。