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1. 发明授权

US5760401A Resolution enhancement apparatus and method for dual head gamma camera system capable of coincidence imaging 失效
标题翻译：用于能够重合成像的双头伽马相机系统的分辨率增强装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5760401A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-02
申请号：US846525
申请日：1997-04-29
申请人： Peter Nelleman , Hugo Bertelsen , Horace Hines
发明人： Peter Nelleman , Hugo Bertelsen , Horace Hines
IPC分类号： G01T1/164 , G01T1/166 , G01T1/202 , G01T1/29 , G01T1/172
CPC分类号： G01T1/1603 , A61B6/037 , G01T1/1642 , G01T1/2985
摘要： The present invention provides an apparatus and method for enhancing the resolution of a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) image in a Nuclear Camera System that is configurable to performs both PET and SPECT imaging. The apparatus includes a crystal that interacts with a gamma ray to create a scintillation event within the surface of the crystal. The gamma rays that impinge the crystal have an incident angle that is limited by a field of view of the crystal. Positioned behind the crystal is a detector that responds to the light photons released by the scintillation event and registers a coordinate value of the scintillation event. Coupled to the detector is a resolution enhancer that generates an in-crystal plane displacement correction value for the coordinate value registered by the detector. The in-crystal plane displacement correction value is then combined with the coordinate value to compute the actual entry point of the gamma ray into the crystal.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于增强核相机系统中可配置为执行PET和SPECT成像的正电子发射断层摄影（PET）图像的分辨率的装置和方法。该装置包括与γ射线相互作用以在晶体表面内产生闪烁事件的晶体。撞击晶体的伽马射线具有受到晶体视场限制的入射角。位于晶体后面的是检测器，其响应于由闪烁事件释放的光子，并记录闪烁事件的坐标值。耦合到检测器的是分辨率增强器，其产生由检测器登记的坐标值的晶体内位移校正值。然后将晶体平面位移校正值与坐标值组合，以计算伽马射线进入晶体的实际入口点。

2. 发明授权

US5585637A Multi-head nuclear medicine camera for dual SPECT and PET imaging 失效
标题翻译：用于双重SPECT和PET成像的多头核医学相机
公开(公告)号：US5585637A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US488926
申请日：1995-06-09
申请人： Hugo Bertelsen , Horace H. Hines , Matthew J. Murphy , Peter Nellemann , Donald R. Wellnitz
发明人： Hugo Bertelsen , Horace H. Hines , Matthew J. Murphy , Peter Nellemann , Donald R. Wellnitz
IPC分类号： G01T1/161 , G01T1/164 , G01T1/29 , G01T1/208
CPC分类号： G01T1/1642 , G01T1/2985 , A61B6/037
摘要： A multi-detector head nuclear camera system automatically switchable (and optimized) to perform either SPECT imaging or PET imaging. The camera system employs, in one embodiment, multi-detector configuration having dual head scintillation detectors but can be implemented with more than two detector heads. The detectors contain switchable triggering circuitry so that coincidence detection for PET imaging and non-coincidence detection for SPECT imaging is available. Using a variable integration technique with programmable integration interval, the event detection and acquisition circuitry of the camera system is switchable to detect events of different energy distribution and count rate which are optimized for PET and SPECT imaging. The system also includes dual integrators on each scintillation detector channel for collecting more than one event per detector at a time for PET or SPECT mode. In PET or SPECT mode, the system also employs variable PMT cluster sizing having smaller cluster sizes for PET imaging and relatively larger cluster sizes for SPECT. In PET or SPECT mode, the system also employs variable centroid shape and zonal triggering. Utilizing the above programmable settings, the camera system can be automatically configured to operate in either SPECT or PET imaging modes.
摘要翻译：多检测器头核相机系统可自动切换（并优化）以执行SPECT成像或PET成像。在一个实施例中，相机系统采用具有双头闪烁检测器的多检测器配置，但是可以用多于两个的检测器头来实现。检测器包含可切换的触发电路，从而可以进行用于PET成像和SPECT成像的非重合检测的重合检测。使用具有可编程积分间隔的可变积分技术，相机系统的事件检测和采集电路可切换，以检测针对PET和SPECT成像优化的不同能量分布和计数率的事件。该系统还包括每个闪烁检测器通道上的双积分器，用于每次检测PET或SPECT模式时每个检测器收集多于一个事件。在PET或SPECT模式下，系统还采用可变的PMT集群大小，具有较小的聚类大小，用于PET成像和相对较大的SPECT集群大小。在PET或SPECT模式下，该系统还采用可变质心形状和区域触发。利用上述可编程设置，相机系统可以自动配置为以SPECT或PET成像模式进行操作。

3. 发明授权

US5449897A Automatic gain calibration for gamma camera system 失效
标题翻译：伽马相机系统的自动增益校准
公开(公告)号：US5449897A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-12
申请号：US318048
申请日：1994-10-03
申请人： Hugo Bertelsen , Horace H. Hines
发明人： Hugo Bertelsen , Horace H. Hines
IPC分类号： G01T1/164 , G01T1/208 , G01T1/40
CPC分类号： G01T1/1642 , G01T1/1647 , G01T1/208 , G01T1/40
摘要： An automatic gain calibration system for photomultipliers of a scintillation detector operable during periods when a collimator is installed to the scintillation detector. The system provides for calibration of the photomultipliers (PMTs) that are located along the periphery of the detector whose surfaces that are partially or totally obscured by the solid lead edge regions of the installed collimator (e.g., obscured PMTs). In such a manner, the entire scintillation detector may be calibrated effectively without removal of the heavy and awkwardly handled collimator. The automatic calibration system adjusts the preamplification gain associated with each channel of the PMT array to maintain the effective gain of each PMT in response to long term variations in the characteristic gain of each PMT. For calibration, the system measures the response of an obscured PMT to gamma events occurring within a thin strip area that extends into the central portion of the collimator. There is a separate strip area for each obscured tube. The preamplification gain of an obscured tube is then calibrated, when the collimator is installed, based on a recorded value of an originally calibrated response of the obscured PMT for gamma events within this strip area.
摘要翻译：一种用于在将准直器安装到闪烁检测器的期间可操作的闪烁检测器的光电倍增管的自动增益校准系统。该系统提供沿着检测器周边定位的光电倍增管（PMT）的校准，其表面被安装的准直器（例如，模糊的PMT）的实心引线边缘区域部分或完全遮蔽。以这种方式，可以有效地校准整个闪烁检测器，而无需去除重和笨拙处理的准直仪。自动校准系统调整与PMT阵列的每个通道相关联的前置放大增益，以响应每个PMT的特征增益的长期变化来维持每个PMT的有效增益。对于校准，系统测量遮蔽的PMT对延伸到准直器的中心部分的薄带区域内发生的伽马事件的响应。每个被遮蔽的管子都有一个单独的条带区域。然后，当安装准直器时，基于该带区域内的γ事件的被遮蔽的PMT的原始校准响应的记录值，校准遮蔽管的前置放大增益。

4. 发明授权

US06635878B2 Gamma camera with automatic adjustment of the energy spectrum 有权
标题翻译：伽马相机具有自动调节能谱
公开(公告)号：US06635878B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-21
申请号：US09881977
申请日：2001-06-13
申请人： Hugo Bertelsen
发明人： Hugo Bertelsen
IPC分类号： G01T1208
CPC分类号： G01T1/208 , A61B6/4258 , G01T1/1644 , G01T1/1647
摘要： A nuclear camera system is provided in which the energy spectrum peaks identified by a camera detector head are automatically adjusted to account for drift and other sources of inaccuracy. Histograms of events detected by the photomultiplier tubes of the detector head are acquired continuously and updated periodically. A system operator initiates the adjustment with an autopeaking command which causes the system to ascertain the validity of the histogram data and, if it is valid, to determine a peak energy level. The determined level is compared to a theoretical value for an isotope present and the comparison is used to adjust the gain applied to energy data of the detector head.
摘要翻译：提供了一种核相机系统，其中由相机检测器头识别的能谱峰值被自动调整以考虑漂移和其他不准确的来源。由检测器头的光电倍增管检测到的事件的直方图被连续获取并周期性地更新。系统操作员使用自动驾驶命令启动调整，这导致系统确定直方图数据的有效性，并且如果它是有效的，则确定峰值能量水平。将确定的水平与存在的同位素的理论值进行比较，并且比较用于调整施加到检测器头的能量数据的增益。

5. 发明授权

US06327546B1 Method and apparatus for independently calibrating event detectors 失效
标题翻译：用于独立校准事件检测器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06327546B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-04
申请号：US09211996
申请日：1998-12-14
申请人： Michael J. Petrillo , Donald R. Wellnitz , Hugo Bertelsen , Thomas E. Scharf
发明人： Michael J. Petrillo , Donald R. Wellnitz , Hugo Bertelsen , Thomas E. Scharf
IPC分类号： G01D1800
CPC分类号： G01T1/17
摘要： An event detector method and apparatus are described. One embodiment includes a first detector that includes a plurality of zones. Each zone includes a plurality of detector devices, wherein each zone generates a zone trigger signal when an event is detected by a detector device in the zone. The embodiment further includes a first energy source coupled to the first detector, wherein when the first energy source is active, events occur that are detectable by the first detector. A calibration circuit is coupled to the first detector, to perform timing calibration of zone trigger signals of zones of the first detector with respect to timing of a reference zone trigger signal of the predetermined reference zone of the first detector, wherein the zone trigger signals and the reference zone trigger signal are generated when an event is detected.
摘要翻译：描述事件检测器方法和装置。一个实施例包括包括多个区域的第一检测器。每个区域包括多个检测器装置，其中当区域中的检测器装置检测到事件时，每个区域产生区域触发信号。该实施例还包括耦合到第一检测器的第一能量源，其中当第一能量源是活动时，发生可被第一检测器检测到的事件。校准电路耦合到第一检测器，以相对于第一检测器的预定参考区的参考区触发信号的定时执行第一检测器区域的区触发信号的定时校准，其中区触发信号和当检测到事件时，产生参考区触发信号。

6. 发明授权

US08324576B2 Nuclear camera with open and flexible software architecture 有权
标题翻译：核相机具有开放灵活的软件架构
公开(公告)号：US08324576B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-04
申请号：US09905418
申请日：2001-07-13
申请人： Sunil Kulkarni , Hugo Bertelsen , David E. Coles , Steven M. Jones , Douglas Murray , Jeffrey A. Hallett
发明人： Sunil Kulkarni , Hugo Bertelsen , David E. Coles , Steven M. Jones , Douglas Murray , Jeffrey A. Hallett
IPC分类号： G01J1/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/3028 , G06F19/00 , G06Q50/24
摘要： A nuclear camera is provided with an open and flexible software architecture which enables users to readily understand, modify, and exchange data files. In a constructed embodiment the software architecture utilizes xml files which can be defined and read by a user using readily available tools and viewers. Both control data and image data can be formatted in this manner. An illustrated software architecture contains a directory of manufacturer-supplied xml control files, and a directory of user modified or created xml control files. This software architecture enables users to exchange protocol and image information over conventional communications networks such as the Internet.
摘要翻译：核相机具有开放灵活的软件架构，使用户能够轻松理解，修改和交换数据文件。在构建的实施例中，软件体系结构利用可由用户使用容易获得的工具和观看者定义和读取的xml文件。控制数据和图像数据都可以以这种方式进行格式化。所示的软件架构包含制造商提供的xml控制文件的目录，以及用户修改或创建的xml控制文件的目录。该软件架构使用户能够通过诸如因特网的常规通信网络来交换协议和图像信息。

7. 发明授权

US08269176B2 Detector head proximity sensing and collision avoidance apparatuses and methods 有权
标题翻译：检测头接近检测和防碰撞装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US08269176B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-18
申请号：US12514593
申请日：2007-10-31
申请人： Raymond C. D'Ambrosio , Ronald J. Asjes , Hugo Bertelsen , George De Fockert , Michael J. Petrillo , Alexey Korzuchin , Steven Rubio , Scott D. Heavner , Pierre L. Patino , Adrianus P. Rommers
发明人： Raymond C. D'Ambrosio , Ronald J. Asjes , Hugo Bertelsen , George De Fockert , Michael J. Petrillo , Alexey Korzuchin , Steven Rubio , Scott D. Heavner , Pierre L. Patino , Adrianus P. Rommers
IPC分类号： G21K1/02 , G01T1/20
CPC分类号： G01T1/161 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/10 , A61B6/4258 , A61B6/4291 , A61B6/4452 , A61B6/4458 , A61B6/589
摘要： A gamma camera (8, 180) includes at least one radiation detector head (10, 12, 210, 212). At least one such radiation detector head (10, 12, 210, 212) includes a plurality of capacitive elements (60, 260, 76, 276) disposed over at least a radiation sensitive portion (50) of the radiation detector head. A proximity sensor monitor (62) is coupled with the plurality of capacitive elements to detect proximity of a subject to the radiation detector head based on a measured electrical characteristic of the capacitive elements. A collision sensor monitor (64) is coupled with the plurality of capacitive elements to detect conductive electric current flowing between spaced apart parallel conductive plates (66, 67) of the capacitive element responsive to mechanical deformation of the spacing between the plates.
摘要翻译：伽马照相机（8,180）包括至少一个辐射探测头（10,12,210,212）。至少一个这样的辐射探测器头（10,12,210,212）包括设置在辐射探测头的至少辐射敏感部分（50）上的多个电容元件（60,260,76,276）。接近传感器监视器（62）与多个电容元件耦合以基于所测量的电容元件的电特性来检测被摄体与辐射探测头的接近度。碰撞传感器监视器（64）与多个电容元件耦合以响应于板之间的间隔的机械变形来检测在电容元件的间隔开的平行导电板（66,67）之间流动的导电电流。

8. 发明授权

US06900441B2 Multiple simultaneous acquisition of gamma camera data sets 失效
标题翻译：多个同时采集伽马相机数据集
公开(公告)号：US06900441B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-31
申请号：US09894277
申请日：2001-06-27
申请人： David E. Coles , Douglas Murray , Hugo Bertelsen
发明人： David E. Coles , Douglas Murray , Hugo Bertelsen
IPC分类号： G01T1/161 , G01T1/164 , G01T7/00
CPC分类号： G01T1/1642 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/4258 , G01T1/1647
摘要： A gamma camera system is described in which multiple simultaneous acquisitions are performed based upon different characteristics for event data acquired by a common gantry behavior. The event data from a detector is selected for different images based upon characteristics such as gating, ungated, energy windows, or zooming.
摘要翻译：描述了一种伽马相机系统，其中基于通过公共台架行为获取的事件数据的不同特性来执行多个同时采集。基于诸如门控，非门控，能量窗口或缩放的特征，为不同的图像选择来自检测器的事件数据。

9. 发明授权

US6100531A Dual-purpose radiation transmission source for nuclear medicine imaging system 失效
标题翻译：用于核医学成像系统的两用辐射传播源
公开(公告)号：US6100531A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-08
申请号：US62303
申请日：1998-04-17
申请人： Horace H. Hines , Ian Farmer , Peter Nellemann , Lingxion Shao , Hugo Bertelsen
发明人： Horace H. Hines , Ian Farmer , Peter Nellemann , Lingxion Shao , Hugo Bertelsen
IPC分类号： G01T1/164 , G01T1/161
CPC分类号： G01T1/1642
摘要： A dual-purpose transmission source for use in a nuclear medicine imaging system is described. A Cs-137 point source is used to transmit radiation having a 662 keV photopeak to a corresponding detector during a transmission scan of an object. The Cs-137 source can be used in transmission scans for correcting either coincidence or single-photon emission data for non-uniform attenuation. When performing a transmission scan to correct single-photon emission data, a collimator may remain mounted to the detector, since a substantial portion of the transmitted radiation completely penetrates the radiation-absorbing material of the collimator to reach the detector.
摘要翻译：描述了用于核医学成像系统的两用传输源。 Cs-137点源用于在物体的透射扫描期间将具有662keV光尖峰的辐射传输到相应的检测器。 Cs-137源可用于传输扫描，用于校正重合或单光子发射数据，用于非均匀衰减。当执行透射扫描以校正单光子发射数据时，准直器可以保持安装到检测器，因为透射辐射的大部分完全穿透准直器的辐射吸收材料以到达检测器。

10. 发明授权

US5990482A Method and apparatus for performing correction of transmission self-contamination in a medical imaging system 失效
标题翻译：用于执行医疗成像系统中的传输自身污染的校正的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5990482A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-23
申请号：US865918
申请日：1997-05-30
申请人： Hugo Bertelsen , Lingxiong Shao
发明人： Hugo Bertelsen , Lingxiong Shao
IPC分类号： G01T1/164 , G01T1/166
CPC分类号： G01T1/1648
摘要： A method of acquiring transmission self-contamination data for correcting transmission scan data in a nuclear camera system including two transmission radiation sources and two scintillation detectors. A first source is for transmitting radiation to only a first detector and a second source is for transmitting radiation to only a second detector during a transmission scan of an object to be imaged. To acquire the calibration data, radiation is transmitted from the second source to the second detector while the first source is maintained in a non-transmitting state. While the second source is transmitting, the first detector is used to detect the radiation transmitted from the second source. A set of self-contamination data is then generated based on the radiation from the second source detected with the first detector. The calibration data is used to correct a subsequent transmission scan of the object by subtracting the self-contamination data from the transmission scan data.
摘要翻译：一种获取用于校正包括两个发射辐射源和两个闪烁检测器的核相机系统中的传输扫描数据的传输自身污染数据的方法。第一来源是用于将辐射传输到仅第一检测器，并且第二源用于在待成像对象的透射扫描期间仅向第二检测器发射辐射。为了获取校准数据，辐射从第二源发送到第二检测器，同时第一源保持在非发射状态。当第二个信号源正在传输时，第一个检测器用于检测从第二个信号源发射的辐射。然后基于用第一检测器检测到的来自第二源的辐射产生一组自污染数据。校准数据用于通过从传输扫描数据中减去自身污染数据来校正对象的后续传输扫描。

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