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1. 发明授权

US06699424B2 Method for forming three-dimensional objects 有权
标题翻译：形成三维物体的方法
公开(公告)号：US06699424B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-02
申请号：US09896707
申请日：2001-06-29
申请人： Hop D. Nguyen , Khalil M. Moussa , Chris R. Manners
发明人： Hop D. Nguyen , Khalil M. Moussa , Chris R. Manners
IPC分类号： B29C3508
CPC分类号： B29C64/40 , B29C64/135 , B33Y10/00
摘要： A method of forming a three-dimensional object in layerwise fashion by selectively solidifying a build material. The method solidifies the main part area, delays or pauses for a desired period of time to permit shrinkage to occur, and then, in multiple drawings of the main part borders, solidifies the borders from the portion closest to the main part outwardly to the portion farthest from the main part.
摘要翻译：通过选择性地固化构建材料来分层形成三维物体的方法。该方法固化主要部分区域，延迟或暂停期望的时间段以允许收缩发生，然后在主要部分边界的多个图中将边界从最靠近主要部分的部分向外固定到部分距离主要部分最远

2. 发明授权

US5855718A Method of and apparatus for making partially solidified three-dimensional objects on a layer-by-layer basis from a solidifiable medium 失效
标题翻译：从可固化介质逐层地制备部分固化的三维物体的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US5855718A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-05
申请号：US726973
申请日：1996-10-07
申请人： Hop D. Nguyen , Jouni P. Partanen
发明人： Hop D. Nguyen , Jouni P. Partanen
IPC分类号： B29C35/08 , B29C41/02 , B29C67/00
CPC分类号： B29C67/0062 , B29C67/0077 , B29C67/0092
摘要： A method and apparatus for building three-dimensional objects having an internal structure, wherein the structure is discontinuous and is composed from a plurality of patterns and bridging patterns formed on a plurality of levels, wherein a bridging level and pattern reside between previous and subsequent levels from which the bridging pattern obtains at least a portion of its pattern. A portion of the bridging pattern is obtained from the pattern on the previous level and a portion of the bridging pattern is obtained from the pattern on the subsequent level.
摘要翻译：一种用于构建具有内部结构的三维物体的方法和装置，其中所述结构是不连续的，并且由形成在多个水平面上的多个图案和桥接图案组成，其中桥接水平和图案位于先前和后续水平之间桥接模式从其获得其图案的至少一部分。桥接图案的一部分从先前水平的图案获得，并且桥接图案的一部分从随后水平上的图案获得。

3. 发明授权

US5209878A Surface resolution in three-dimensional objects by inclusion of thin fill layers 失效
标题翻译：通过包含薄填充层在三维物体中的表面分辨率
公开(公告)号：US5209878A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-11
申请号：US605979
申请日：1990-10-30
申请人： Dennis R. Smalley , Hop D. Nguyen , Kris A. Schmidt , Herbert E. Evans , Ray S. Freed , Paul J. Jacobs
发明人： Dennis R. Smalley , Hop D. Nguyen , Kris A. Schmidt , Herbert E. Evans , Ray S. Freed , Paul J. Jacobs
IPC分类号： B29C67/00
CPC分类号： B29C67/0088 , G05B2219/49013 , G05B2219/49019
摘要： Methods and apparatus for reducing surface discontinuities, resulting from the formation of a three-dimensional object out of a plurality of stacked layers, during layer by layer stereolithographic formation of the three-dimensional object. The discontinuities between layers are reduced by utilizing formation and solidification of thin fill layers near the edges of thicker structural layers or by utilizing surface tension effects to smooth discontinuities between the structural layers by formation of meniscuses of building material and solidifying the meniscuses.
摘要翻译：在逐层立体光刻形成三维物体的过程中，减少由多层叠层形成三维物体所导致的表面不连续性的方法和装置。通过利用在较厚结构层的边缘附近的薄填充层的形成和固化，或通过利用表面张力效应来平滑结构层之间的不连续性，通过形成建筑材料的混凝土并固化薄板来降低层之间的不连续性。

4. 发明授权

US06600965B1 Method and apparatus for production of high resolution three-dimensional objects by stereolithography 失效
标题翻译：通过立体光刻技术生产高分辨率三维物体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06600965B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-29
申请号：US09236259
申请日：1999-01-26
申请人： Charles W. Hull , Stuart T. Spence , David J. Albert , Dennis R. Smalley , Richard A. Harlow , Phil Stinebaugh , Harry L. Tarnoff , Hop D. Nguyen , Charles W. Lewis , Tom J. Vorgitch , David Z. Remba
发明人： Charles W. Hull , Stuart T. Spence , David J. Albert , Dennis R. Smalley , Richard A. Harlow , Phil Stinebaugh , Harry L. Tarnoff , Hop D. Nguyen , Charles W. Lewis , Tom J. Vorgitch , David Z. Remba
IPC分类号： G06F1900
CPC分类号： G06T17/20 , B29C64/135 , B29C64/40 , B29K2995/0073 , B33Y30/00 , B33Y50/02 , G01J1/4257 , G03F7/0037 , G03F7/70416 , G05B2219/49013 , G06T17/00 , G06T17/10
摘要： An improved stereolithography system for generating a three-dimensional object by creating a cross-sectional pattern of the object to be formed at a selected surface of a fluid medium capable of altering its physical state in response to appropriate synergistic stimulation by impinging radiation, particle bombardment or chemical reaction, information defining the object being specially processed to reduce curl and distortion, and increase resolution, strength, accuracy, speed and economy of reproduction even for rather difficult object shapes, the successive adjacent laminae, representing corresponding successive adjacent cross-sections of the object, being automatically formed and integrated together to provide a step-wise laminar buildup of the desired object, whereby a three-dimensional object is formed and drawn from a substantially planar surface of the fluid medium during the forming process.
摘要翻译：一种改进的立体光刻系统，用于通过在能够响应于通过撞击辐射的适当的协同刺激来改变其物理状态的流体介质的选定表面处形成待形成的物体的横截面图案来产生三维物体，粒子轰击或化学反应，定义被特殊处理的物体的信息以减少卷曲和变形，并且即使对于相当困难的物体形状也增加分辨率，强度，精度，速度和经济性，连续的相邻层，表示相应的相邻的相邻横截面该物体被自动地形成并且集成在一起以提供期望物体的逐层层叠，从而在成形过程中从流体介质的基本上平坦的表面形成三维物体并从其中抽出。

5. 发明授权

US06399010B1 Method and apparatus for stereolithographically forming three dimensional objects with reduced distortion 有权
标题翻译：用于立体光刻形成具有减小的变形的三维物体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06399010B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09246504
申请日：1999-02-08
申请人： Michelle D. Guertin , Charles W. Hull , Hop D. Nguyen
发明人： Michelle D. Guertin , Charles W. Hull , Hop D. Nguyen
IPC分类号： B29C3508
CPC分类号： G05B19/4099 , B29C64/135 , B33Y10/00 , B33Y30/00
摘要： A rapid prototyping and manufacturing (e.g. stereolithography) method and apparatus for making three-dimensional objects on a layer-by-layer basis by selectively exposing layers of material to prescribed synergistic stimulation including forming portions of a lamina using a first exposure, allowing a time delay, and then applying a second exposure. The time delay is sufficient to allow shrinkage of the material to occur that results from the first exposure. It is preferred that the solidified portion resulting from the first exposure does not adhere to the previously formed lamina. It is also preferred that the portion solidified by this first exposure does not adhere to any boundary region that may have been exposed and adhered to the previously formed lamina. The time delay associated with a given cross-sectional region may be occupied by exposing other cross-sectional regions. The delay may occur between two exposures of overlaying hatch or fill vectors. The delay may alternatively occur between exposure of hatch vectors and boundary vectors. The time delay may be determined by a clock, or alternatively, the time delay may be considered to have lapsed upon certain physical conditions being met, such as detecting the amount of shrinkage and determining that it has progressed far enough for the second exposure to occur.
摘要翻译：通过选择性地将材料层暴露于规定的协同刺激（包括使用第一曝光形成薄片的部分）来逐层地制造三维物体的快速原型制造（例如立体光刻）方法和装置，允许时间延迟，然后应用第二次曝光。时间延迟足以使第一次曝光产生的材料收缩。优选的是，由第一次曝光产生的凝固部分不粘附到先前形成的层。还优选的是，通过该第一曝光固化的部分不粘附到可能已经暴露并粘附到先前形成的层的任何边界区域。与给定横截面区域相关联的时间延迟可以通过暴露其它横截面区域来占据。延迟可能发生在覆盖舱口或填充向量的两次曝光之间。延迟可以可选地在阴影向量和边界向量的曝光之间发生。时间延迟可以由时钟确定，或者替代地，可以认为在某些物理条件被满足时已经失效的时间延迟，例如检测收缩量并确定其已经进行到足以使第二次暴露发生。

6. 发明授权

US06179601B2 Simplified stereolithographic object formation methods of overcoming minimum recoating depth limitations 有权
标题翻译：克服最小重涂深度限制的简化立体光刻物体形成方法
公开(公告)号：US06179601B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-30
申请号：US09307935
申请日：1999-05-10
申请人： Theodore R. Kruger , Chris R. Manners , Hop D. Nguyen
发明人： Theodore R. Kruger , Chris R. Manners , Hop D. Nguyen
IPC分类号： B29C3508
CPC分类号： B29C41/36 , B29C41/12 , B29C64/124 , B29C64/40 , B33Y10/00 , B33Y40/00
摘要： A rapid prototyping and manufacturing (e.g. stereolithography) method and apparatus for making high resolution objects utilizing low resolution materials which are limited by their inability to reliably form coatings of a desired thickness. The formation of coatings of such materials is limited to a Minimum Recoating Depth (MRD), when formed over entirely solidified laminae, which is thicker than the desired layer thickness or object resolution. Data manipulation techniques result in layers of material (and laminae) of the object being categorized as non-consecutive primary layers (laminae) and secondary layers (laminae) positioned intermediate to the primary layers (laminae). Substantially, all portions of primary laminae are exposed in association with primary layers and portions of the secondary laminae are formed in association with their respective secondary layers while other portions of the secondary laminae are formed in association with primary layers so as to form the object with a higher resolution than that dictated by the spacing between the primary layers. Recoating techniques are described which can be used when the thickness between consecutive layers is less than a leading edge bulge phenomena that results from the use of a particular recoating device such that direction of sweeping and/or order of sweeping of the recoating device is varied between consecutive primary layers.
摘要翻译：用于利用低分辨率材料制造高分辨率物体的快速成型和制造（例如立体光刻）方法和装置，其受到不能可靠地形成期望厚度的涂层的限制。这种材料的涂层的形成被限制在最小再沉积深度（MRD）时，当在完全凝固的层上形成时，该厚度比所需的层厚度或物体分辨率厚。数据处理技术导致被分类为非连续主层（层）的物体层（和层）层以及位于主层（层）之间的二层（层）。基本上，初级层的所有部分与主层相关联地暴露，并且次级层的部分与它们各自的次层相关联地形成，而次层的其它部分与主层相关联地形成以形成物体，分辨率高于主层之间间距所规定的分辨率。描述了当连续层之间的厚度小于由使用特定重涂装置引起的前缘凸起现象时，可使用再现技术，使得重涂装置的扫掠方向和/或扫描顺序在连续的主要层。

7. 发明授权

US6103176A Stereolithographic method and apparatus for production of three dimensional objects using recoating parameters for groups of layers 有权
标题翻译：用于使用层的重涂参数生产三维物体的立体光刻方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6103176A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US248351
申请日：1999-02-08
申请人： Hop D. Nguyen , Chris R. Manners
发明人： Hop D. Nguyen , Chris R. Manners
IPC分类号： B29C67/00 , B29C41/12 , B29C41/36 , G05B19/4099 , B29C35/08 , B29C41/02
CPC分类号： B29C41/12 , B29C41/36 , B29C67/0062 , B29C67/0092
摘要： A rapid prototyping and manufacturing (e.g. stereolithography) method and apparatus for making three-dimensional objects with enhanced control of coating parameters used when forming layers of liquid or other fluid-like material in preparation for forming laminae of the object. The each lamina of the object is treated as either a primary laminae or secondary laminae. Only minority portions of the secondary layers are solidified when their associated layers are formed. Primary laminae are solidified in majority portions, along with previously unsolidified portions of secondary lamina, when their associated layers are formed. Recoating parameters are supplied for groups of primary layers and secondary layers such that coating formation may be controlled differently for primary layers and for secondary layers. Coating control for secondary layers may be based on the position of individual secondary layers, or sets of secondary layers, relative to the primary layers. The enhanced control leads to (1) more accurate layer formation, and/or (2) faster layer formation times for groups of successive layers.
摘要翻译：快速成型和制造（例如立体光刻）方法和装置，用于在制备用于形成物体的层的液体或其它类似流体的材料层时，增强对涂层参数的控制。物体的每个层被视为主层或次层。当形成它们的相关层时，只有少部分二级层被固化。当形成相关层时，主层与主层的先前未固化的部分一起多数固化。为初级层和次级层的组提供了再生参数，使得对初级层和次级层可以不同地控制涂层形成。次级层的涂层控制可以基于相对于初级层的单个二级层或二级层的位置。增强的控制导致（1）更准确的层形成，和/或（2）连续层组更快的层形成时间。

8. 发明授权

US5693144A Vibrationally enhanced stereolithographic recoating 失效
标题翻译：振动增强立体显微镜重涂
公开(公告)号：US5693144A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-02
申请号：US384383
申请日：1995-02-03
申请人： Paul F. Jacobs , J. Scot Thompson , Hop D. Nguyen , Dennis R. Smalley
发明人： Paul F. Jacobs , J. Scot Thompson , Hop D. Nguyen , Dennis R. Smalley
IPC分类号： B29C41/12 , B29C67/00 , B05C3/00
CPC分类号： B29C67/0085 , B29C41/12 , B29C2791/008 , B29K2995/0073
摘要： Methods and apparatus for providing a vibrational enhancement to the recoating process in stereolithography are disclosed. The formation of a thin layer of building material over a previous layer of structure of a partially completed three-dimensional object, in preparation for formation of an additional layer of structure, is enhanced by the use of vibrational energy imparted to the building medium. In a first preferred apparatus, vibration is induced into the surface of the material by a plurality of vibrating needles that penetrate below the working surface to a sufficient depth to ensure adequate coupling but not deep enough to come into contact with the surface of the partially completed part. In a second preferred apparatus, vibration is coupled directly to the object support. The vibrational energy is then transmitted through the part to the surface of the building material. In a first preferred method the partially completed object is overcoated with material and vibration is used to reduce the coating thickness. In a second preferred method, the partially completed object is undercoated with material and vibration is used to increase the coating thickness.
摘要翻译：公开了用于在立体光刻技术中对重涂过程提供振动增强的方法和装置。通过使用施加到建筑物介质上的振动能来增强在部分完成的三维物体的先前的结构层上形成薄层的建筑材料以准备形成额外的结构层。在第一优选装置中，通过多个振动针将多个振动针刺入到工作表面下方的振动，使其振动到足够的深度，以确保足够的耦合但不足够深以与部分完成的表面接触部分。在第二优选装置中，振动被直接耦合到物体支撑件上。振动能量然后通过部件传递到建筑材料的表面。在第一优选方法中，部分完成的物体用材料覆盖，并且使用振动来减小涂层厚度。在第二优选方法中，部分完成的物体用材料底涂，并且使用振动来增加涂层厚度。

9. 发明授权

US06048487A Recoating stereolithographic layers 失效
标题翻译：重新制备立体光刻层
公开(公告)号：US06048487A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-11
申请号：US286213
申请日：1999-04-05
申请人： Thomas A. Almquist , Charles W. Hull , Borzo Modrek , Paul F. Jacobs , Charles W. Lewis , Adam L. Cohen , Stuart T. Spence , Hop D. Nguyen , Mark A. Lewis , Abraham Liran , Dennis R. Smalley
发明人： Thomas A. Almquist , Charles W. Hull , Borzo Modrek , Paul F. Jacobs , Charles W. Lewis , Adam L. Cohen , Stuart T. Spence , Hop D. Nguyen , Mark A. Lewis , Abraham Liran , Dennis R. Smalley
IPC分类号： B29C35/08 , B29C41/02 , B29C41/12 , B29C41/52 , B29C67/00 , G01F23/292 , G01F23/36 , G05D9/12
CPC分类号： G05D9/12 , B29C41/12 , B29C67/0066 , G01F23/2921 , G01F23/366 , B29K2995/0073 , Y10T156/17
摘要： Improved apparatus and methods for forming a layer of material over a surface of a previously-formed cross-section of a three-dimensional object in anticipation of forming a next cross-section of the object out of the layer. A volume of material, including at least some excess material, is placed over the surface, and the excess material is swept off by placing the excess material in the predetermined path of a sweeping member, the path being substantially in a plane spaced from a working surface of material. The member may be directed to sweep the excess material away through a successive number of sweeps, which may vary for each cross-section, at least a velocity which may vary for each sweep. Additionally, the clearance between the member and the surface of the previous cross-section may vary for each sweep. A "winged" member is also provided, comprising two legs extending from a base, and a "Trident" embodiment is also provided, comprising three legs extending from a base.
摘要翻译：改进的用于在三维物体的预先形成的横截面的表面上形成材料层的装置和方法，以期将物体的下一个横截面形成在该层之外。将一定体积的材料（包括至少一些多余的材料）放置在表面上，并且通过将多余的材料放置在扫掠构件的预定路径中来清除多余的材料，该路径基本上处于与工作材料表面。该构件可以被引导以通过连续数量的扫描来扫过多余的材料，该扫描对于每个横截面可以变化，至少每个扫描可能变化的速度。此外，构件和前一横截面的表面之间的间隙可以针对每个扫掠而变化。还提供了一个“翼形”构件，其包括从基座延伸的两个腿部，并且还提供了“三叉戟”实施例，其包括从底座延伸的三个腿部。

10. 发明授权

US5688464A Vibrationally enhanced stereolithographic recoating 失效
标题翻译：振动增强立体显微镜重涂
公开(公告)号：US5688464A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-18
申请号：US405812
申请日：1995-03-16
申请人： Paul F. Jacobs , J. Scot Thompson , Hop D. Nguyen , Dennis R. Smalley
发明人： Paul F. Jacobs , J. Scot Thompson , Hop D. Nguyen , Dennis R. Smalley
IPC分类号： B29C41/12 , B29C67/00 , B29C35/08 , B29C41/02
CPC分类号： B29C67/0085 , B29C41/12 , B29C2791/008 , B29K2995/0073
摘要： Methods and apparatus for providing a vibrational enhancement to the recoating process in stereolithography are disclosed. The formation of a thin layer of building material over a previous layer of structure of a partially completed three-dimensional object, in preparation for formation of an additional layer of structure, is enhanced by the use of vibrational energy imparted to the building medium. In a first preferred apparatus, vibration is induced into the surface of the material by a plurality of vibrating needles that penetrate below the working surface to a sufficient depth to ensure adequate coupling but not deep enough to come into contact with the surface of the partially completed part. In a second preferred apparatus, vibration is coupled directly to the object support. The vibrational energy is then transmitted through the part to the surface of the building material. In a first preferred method the partially completed object is overcoated with material and vibration is used to reduce the coating thickness. In a second preferred method, the partially completed object is under-coated with material and vibration is used to increase the coating thickness.
摘要翻译：公开了用于在立体光刻技术中对重涂过程提供振动增强的方法和装置。通过使用施加到建筑物介质上的振动能来增强在部分完成的三维物体的先前的结构层上形成薄层的建筑材料以准备形成额外的结构层。在第一优选装置中，通过多个振动针将多个振动针刺入到工作表面下方的振动，使其振动到足够的深度，以确保足够的耦合但不足够深以与部分完成的表面接触部分。在第二优选装置中，振动被直接耦合到物体支撑件上。振动能量然后通过部件传递到建筑材料的表面。在第一优选方法中，部分完成的物体用材料覆盖，并且使用振动来减小涂层厚度。在第二优选方法中，部分完成的物体涂覆有材料，并且使用振动来增加涂层厚度。

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