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    • 3. 发明授权
    • High voltage tolerant input/output circuit
    • 高耐压输入/输出电路
    • US5828231A
    • 1998-10-27
    • US700247
    • 1996-08-20
    • Hassan K. Bazargan
    • Hassan K. Bazargan
    • H03K19/003H03K19/185
    • H03K19/00315
    • A low voltage driver circuit capable of interfacing with a high voltage node. The high voltage tolerant input/output circuit of the present invention has a first stage operating at a low voltage integrated circuit standard and a second stage capable of operating at both the low voltage and a high voltage integrated circuit standard. The second stage operates at high voltage during the tristate mode and at low voltage during an active mode. The second stage uses an output driver having a p-type pull-up transistor coupled to an input/output pad. The input/output pad interfaces with a high voltage or mixed voltage network. An isolator circuit is coupled between the first stage and the second stage for voltage isolation when the second stage is operating at high voltage. A charger circuit maintains the high voltage on a gate of the p-type pull-up transistor during the tristate mode and the low voltage during the active mode. The charger also decreases the voltage on the gate of the p-type pull-up transistor in advance of a transition from the tristate to the active mode. The p-type transistors in the circuit which are exposed to the high voltage have their NWELLs coupled to the high voltage. This configuration prevents the back flow of current from the high voltage network to the second stage and protects the p-type transistors in the circuit from latch up.
    • 一种能够与高压节点接口的低电压驱动电路。 本发明的高耐压输入/输出电路具有在低电压集成电路标准下工作的第一级和能够在低电压和高压集成电路标准下工作的第二级。 在三态模式下,第二级工作在高电压,而在主动模式下工作在低电压。 第二级使用具有耦合到输入/输出焊盘的p型上拉晶体管的输出驱动器。 输入/输出焊盘与高压或混合电压网络接口。 当第二级在高电压下工作时,隔离电路耦合在第一级和第二级之间进行电压隔离。 充电器电路在三态模式期间保持p型上拉晶体管的栅极上的高电压,并且在活动模式期间保持低电压。 在从三态转换到激活模式之前,充电器还降低p型上拉晶体管的栅极上的电压。 暴露于高电压的电路中的p型晶体管的NWELL耦合到高电压。 该配置防止电流从高电压网络回流到第二级,并且保护电路中的p型晶体管不被锁存。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Low voltage interface circuit with a high voltage tolerance
    • 具有高电压容差的低压接口电路
    • US5933025A
    • 1999-08-03
    • US784163
    • 1997-01-15
    • Scott S. NanceMohammad R. TamjidiRichard C. LiJennifer WongHassan K. Bazargan
    • Scott S. NanceMohammad R. TamjidiRichard C. LiJennifer WongHassan K. Bazargan
    • H03K19/003H03K19/0185H03K19/094
    • H03K19/09429H03K19/00315H03K19/018521
    • A low voltage interface circuit with a high voltage tolerance enables devices with different power supply levels to be efficiently coupled together without significant leakage current or damage to the circuits. One embodiment of the present invention comprises a tri-state control circuit, a data path, a reference voltage circuit, and an isolation circuit. The interface circuit provides a high impedance receive mode. In this mode, when a voltage is applied to the I/O pin of the interface circuit which is sufficiently greater than the interface circuit power supply voltage, the isolation circuit isolates the power supply from the I/O pin. The interface circuit also protects all of the transistors from gate to bulk, gate to source and gate to drain voltage drops of greater than a specified voltage, for example 3.6V for a nominal 3V power supply when up to 5.5V is being externally applied to the I/O pin. In high impedance mode when the externally applied voltage at the I/O pin is sufficiently below the interface circuit supply voltage, the isolation circuit is driven to approximately the interface circuit supply voltage. In low impedance mode the isolation circuitry is disabled and the logic level at the data terminal is transmitted to the I/O pin. One embodiment of the present invention provides a buffered data path from the data terminal to the I/O pin.
    • 具有高电压公差的低压接口电路使得具有不同电源电平的器件能够有效耦合在一起,而不会有明显的漏电流或电路损坏。 本发明的一个实施例包括三态控制电路,数据通路,参考电压电路和隔离电路。 接口电路提供高阻抗接收模式。 在这种模式下,当接口电路的I / O引脚施加的电压足够大于接口电路电源电压时,隔离电路会将电源与I / O引脚隔离开来。 接口电路还保护所有的晶体管从栅极到体积,栅极到源极和漏极到大于指定电压的电压降,例如对于额定3V电源的3.6V,当高达5.5V被外部施加到 I / O引脚。 在高阻抗模式下,当I / O引脚的外部施加电压足够低于接口电路电源电压时,隔离电路被驱动到大致接口电路电源电压。 在低阻模式下,隔离电路被禁用,数据端子的逻辑电平被传输到I / O引脚。 本发明的一个实施例提供从数据终端到I / O引脚的缓冲数据路径。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Frequency controlled system for positive voltage regulation
    • 用于正电压调节的频率控制系统
    • US06300839B1
    • 2001-10-09
    • US09644286
    • 2000-08-22
    • Hassan K. BazarganFarshid Shokouhi
    • Hassan K. BazarganFarshid Shokouhi
    • G05F140
    • H02M3/073
    • In a charge pump system, the frequency of an oscillator is based on the output signals from a plurality of differential amplifiers. Each differential amplifier receives a different reference voltage as well as a common input voltage derived from the pumped voltage. A predetermined logic signal output by the differential amplifiers modifies, i.e. reduces, an original frequency of the oscillator. In this manner, the charge pump system quickly compensates for any overshoot in the pumped voltage in a manner directly correlated to the magnitude of the pumped voltage. If no differential amplifiers output the predetermined logic signal, then the oscillator generates the original frequency. In this manner, the charge pump system also compensates for any undershoot in the pumped voltage by providing the fastest frequency.
    • 在电荷泵系统中,振荡器的频率基于来自多个差分放大器的输出信号。 每个差分放大器接收不同的参考电压以及从泵浦电压得到的公共输入电压。 由差分放大器输出的预定逻辑信号修改振荡器的原始频率,即降低振荡器的原始频率。 以这种方式,电荷泵系统以与泵送电压的大小直接相关的方式快速补偿泵浦电压中的任何过冲。 如果没有差分放大器输出预定的逻辑信号,则振荡器产生原始频率。 以这种方式,电荷泵系统还通过提供最快的频率来补偿泵浦电压中的任何下冲。