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1. 发明授权

US5425115A Polarization insensitive optical switch 失效
标题翻译：偏振光敏开关
公开(公告)号：US5425115A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-13
申请号：US276722
申请日：1994-07-18
申请人： Harvey L. Wagner
发明人： Harvey L. Wagner
IPC分类号： G02B6/34 , G02B6/35 , G02F1/21
CPC分类号： G02B6/29358 , G02B6/3552 , G02F1/216 , G02B6/353 , G02B6/356 , G02B6/358 , G02F2203/06
摘要： A Fabry-Perot etalon 10 is located in the light path 30 between a light sourcesinks 40 and 44. The etalon is polarization insensitive, and its optical path length and transmission wavelength(s) is controlled by a bias source 60. When light at the desired wavelength is propagating from source 40, the bias is set to establish transmission through the etalon at that wavelength, whereupon the light propagates to the sink 44, and the switch is transmissive. By contrast, if the switch is to be nontransmissive, the bias sets the transmission wavelengths of the etalon on either side of the wavelength produced by source 40, whereupon the light from source 40 is reflected by the etalon, and does not reach sink 44. In a second embodiment, a third sourcesink 48 is coupled in a second light path 330a, for being coupled to the first sourcesink 40 when the etalon is set for reflection, to thereby form a single-pole, double-throw switch. In a third embodiment, a fourth sourcesink 68 is coupled in an extension maim of the second light path.
摘要翻译：法布里 - 珀罗标准具10位于光源40和44之间的光路30中。标准具是偏振不敏感的，并且其光程长度和透射波长由偏压源60控制。期望的波长从源40传播，偏置被设定为在该波长处建立通过标准具的传输，于是光传播到信宿44，并且开关是透射的。相反，如果开关是非透射的，则偏置设置由源40产生的波长的任一侧上的标准具的透射波长，于是源40的光被标准具反射，并且不到达凹槽44。在第二实施例中，第三源头48耦合在第二光路330a中，用于当标准具设置为反射时耦合到第一源极40，从而形成单刀双掷开关。在第三实施例中，第四源头68耦合在第二光路的延伸部分中。

2. 发明授权

US5452127A Etalon with optically polarizing field electrodes 失效
标题翻译：具有光学偏振场电极的Etalon
公开(公告)号：US5452127A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-19
申请号：US307132
申请日：1994-09-16
申请人： Harvey L. Wagner
发明人： Harvey L. Wagner
IPC分类号： G01J3/26 , G02F1/1335 , G02F1/21 , G02B27/00 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01J3/02 , G01J3/0259 , G01J3/26 , G02F1/133528 , G02F1/21
摘要： A Fabry-Perot etalon (310) has a cavity (12) occupied by an electric-field variable index of refraction material (22). The cavity is flanked by a pair of parallel mirrors (14), at least one of which is partially reflecting. At least one of the supporting substrates (18l) has deposited thereon a light polarizing field electrode (316l) which includes a plurality of mutually parallel, spaced apart electrical conductors (392) which define gaps (394). The electrical conductors are mutually interconnected by bus conductors (390), and may be connected by lead conductors (37) to an external voltage source, for generating the desired electric field across the cavity.
摘要翻译：法布里 - 珀罗标准具（310）具有由电场可变折射率材料（22）占据的空腔（12）。空腔侧面有一对平行镜（14），其中至少一个是部分反射的。至少一个支撑衬底（181）上沉积有光偏振场电极（316），该光偏振场电极包括限定间隙（394）的多个相互平行的间隔开的电导体（392）。电导体通过总线导体（390）相互互连，并且可以通过引线导体（37）连接到外部电压源，以产生跨腔体的期望的电场。

3. 发明授权

US5450223A Optical demultiplexer for optical/RF signals 失效
标题翻译：用于光/ RF信号的光解复用器
公开(公告)号：US5450223A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-12
申请号：US116674
申请日：1993-09-07
申请人： Harvey L. Wagner , Michael S. Margulis , Thomas W. Karras
发明人： Harvey L. Wagner , Michael S. Margulis , Thomas W. Karras
IPC分类号： G02B6/26 , G02B6/00 , G02F1/33 , H04B10/04 , H04B10/06 , H04B10/142 , H04B10/152 , H04Q11/00 , H04J1/00 , H04J14/00
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0003 , H04Q2011/0024 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0035
摘要： An optical demultiplexer includes an electrooptic modulator (410) which modulates a beam of light (418) in response to frequency-multiplexed radio-frequency (RF) information signals, to produce diverging beamlets of light (420). The diverging beamlets are separated by a spatial separator arrangement (426), and each beamlet (420), including the information of its RF carrier, is coupled to a separate optical detector (428). The detector (428) can extract amplitude modulation from the signal. In order to reconstruct the RF signal as well as the amplitude modulator, an optical "local oscillator" signal (OLO) is coupled to each detector together with its information signal. Signal loss due to vibration or misalignment is avoided, and heterodyne mixing efficiency is maximized in an embodiment of the invention, by propagating the OLO and information signals through a single-mode optical fiber to the detector. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the OLO signal is applied to a first fiber (622), the information signal is applied to a second fiber (610), and the first and second fibers are coupled together by a fiber-optic coupler (612). In another embodiment of the invention, the OLO signal results from generating an RF L.O. signal, and combining the RF L.O. local signal with the information signals before application to the electrooptic modulator, to generate an OLO beamlet (720) which is subject to the same vibration and misalignment as the signal beamlets.
摘要翻译：光解复用器包括响应于频率多路复用的射频（RF）信息信号调制光束（418）的电光调制器（410），以产生发散的光束（420）。发散的子束由空间分隔器装置（426）分开，并且包括其RF载体的信息的每个子束（420）耦合到单独的光学检测器（428）。检测器（428）可以从信号中提取幅度调制。为了重建RF信号以及幅度调制器，光学“本地振荡器”信号（OLO）与其信息信号一起耦合到每个检测器。通过将OLO和信息信号通过单模光纤传播到检测器，在本发明的实施例中避免了由振动或未对准引起的信号损失，并且外差混合效率最大化。在本发明的特定实施例中，OLO信号被施加到第一光纤（622），信息信号被施加到第二光纤（610），并且第一和第二光纤通过光纤耦合器 612）。在本发明的另一个实施例中，OLO信号来自产生RF L.O. 信号，并组合RF L.O. 本地信号与应用于电光调制器之前的信息信号，以产生受到与信号子束相同的振动和未对准的OLO子束（720）。

4. 发明授权

US06389185B1 Light polarization transformer 有权
标题翻译：光偏振变压器
公开(公告)号：US06389185B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-14
申请号：US09755112
申请日：2001-01-08
申请人： William H. Meise , Harvey L. Wagner , Thomas W. Karras
发明人： William H. Meise , Harvey L. Wagner , Thomas W. Karras
IPC分类号： G02B600
CPC分类号： G02B6/274 , G02B6/105 , G02B6/2766
摘要： An optical fiber that transforms light of undesired polarization into light of desired polarization. In principle, the signal power of the non-preferred polarization is transformed into signal power of the preferred polarization, thereby actually transforming the polarization. The fiber can have a circular end for input of light having randomly phased polarization, and an elongated end for output of light having a single principal orientation component. A generally smooth transition from the circular end to the elongated end causes substantially all the light entering the fiber to exit from the fiber without losing light due to reflection or radiation. Alternatively, the fiber can have a lobed end, for input of light having first and second mutually orthogonal polarization components, and an elongated end, for output of light having a single principal orientation component. Alternatively, the fiber can be a combination of the two forms described above. That is, the fiber can have a circular section that transforms first into a lobed section with increasing distance from the input port, with the lobed section then transforms into an elongated (e.g., elliptical or ovoid) section with increasing distance from the input port.
摘要翻译：将不想要的偏振光转换成所需偏振光的光纤。原则上，非优选极化的信号功率被转换为优选极化的信号功率，从而实际上转换极化。纤维可以具有用于输入具有随机相位偏振的光的圆形端，以及用于输出具有单个主取向分量的光的细长端。从圆形端到细长端的大致平滑的过渡导致基本上进入光纤的所有光从纤维离开而不会由于反射或辐射而损失光。或者，光纤可以具有叶结端，用于输入具有第一和第二相互正交的偏振分量的光，以及细长端，用于输出具有单个主取向分量的光。或者，纤维可以是上述两种形式的组合。也就是说，纤维可以具有圆形部分，该部分首先变成具有距离输入端口的距离增加的裂片部分，然后叶部分随着与输入端口的距离增加而变换成细长（例如，椭圆形或卵形）部分。

5. 发明授权

US5528295A Color television camera using tunable optical filters 失效
标题翻译：彩色电视摄像机采用可调谐滤光片
公开(公告)号：US5528295A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-18
申请号：US234771
申请日：1994-04-28
申请人： Harvey L. Wagner
发明人： Harvey L. Wagner
IPC分类号： G01J3/26 , G01J3/28 , H04N9/04 , H04N9/07
CPC分类号： G01J3/26 , G01J3/2823 , H04N9/045 , H04N9/07
摘要： A color television camera includes a panchromatic light sensor such as a CCD imager. Light from a scene to be imaged is filtered by an electronically controlled light filter such as an etalon, which is scanned from color to color at the field rate, so that the image for each field is generated by a different color. The periodic spectral line or spectral band response of a single etalon is improved by a cascade of two etalons with different periodicity, which pass only a single spectral line or band. When an RGB color sequence is used, a complete color signal frame is generated in three fields. The imager may be operated at a field rate higher than the standard field rate, such as 90 Hz. for use with conventional 30 Hz. color frame rate, and a memory may be coupled to the output of the imager to store the three-field sequence of signals which occurs during each standard color frame, so that a complete color signal is available during each standard color frame. In the context of a spectrometer, the filter may be sequenced through a set of spectral responses which are characteristic of the light reflected from a particular material. A similar imager/filter combination may be used for spectrography as a "tricorder".
摘要翻译：彩色电视摄像机包括诸如CCD成像器的全色光传感器。要成像的场景的光被诸如标准具的电子控制的光过滤器过滤，该标准具以场速从彩色到彩色扫描，使得每个场的图像由不同的颜色生成。通过具有不同周期性的两个标准具的级联来改进单个标准具的周期性谱线或频谱带响应，其仅通过单个谱线或频带。当使用RGB颜色序列时，会在三个字段中生成完整的彩色信号帧。成像器可以以高于标准场速（例如90Hz）的场速率操作。用于常规的30 Hz。彩色帧率和存储器可以耦合到成像器的输出以存储在每个标准色彩帧期间发生的三场信号序列，使得在每个标准色彩帧期间可以获得完整的颜色信号。在光谱仪的上下文中，可以通过一组光谱响应来对滤光片进行测序，这些光谱响应是从特定材料反射的光的特征。类似的成像器/滤光器组合可以用于光谱学作为“三级”。

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