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1. 发明授权

US4374362A Instrument zeroing circuit 失效
标题翻译：仪表归零电路
公开(公告)号：US4374362A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-15
申请号：US235151
申请日：1981-02-17
申请人： George K. Sutherland , Thomas J. Thielen
发明人： George K. Sutherland , Thomas J. Thielen
IPC分类号： G01R17/00 , G01R17/02 , H03L1/00
CPC分类号： G01R17/00 , G01R17/02
摘要： An electronic interface circuit for coupling a source of analog signals to a measuring and/or recording device whereby the time varying component of the analog signal can be separated from any steady-state component, such as a DC bias, which may be present, allowing further signal processing on the time varying component only. The interface circuit comprises a servo control device having both a digital feedback loop and an analog feedback loop. Upon closure of a manually operable switch, a timer is initiated which first actuates the digital feedback loop wherein a digital number is generated which is proportional to the deviation of the signal output from a summing amplifier from a zero volt level. This digital number is applied through a digital-to-analog converter to the summing amplifier along with a second feedback signal obtained by sampling the output from the summing amplifier at a time subsequent to the digital correction operation. As a result, the deviation of the steady-state signal from zero occasioned by the inherent granularity in the analog-to-digital conversion process is eliminated.
摘要翻译：一种用于将模拟信号源耦合到测量和/或记录装置的电子接口电路，由此模拟信号的时变分量可以与可能存在的任何稳态分量（例如DC偏压）分离，从而允许仅对时变成分进行信号处理。接口电路包括具有数字反馈回路和模拟反馈回路的伺服控制装置。在关闭手动操作的开关时，启动定时器，其首先致动数字反馈回路，其中产生数字数字，该数字数字与从加法放大器输出的信号与零伏电平的偏差成比例。该数字数字与通过在数字校正操作之后的时间对来自加法放大器的输出进行采样而获得的第二反馈信号一起通过数模转换器施加到求和放大器。结果，消除了由模数转换过程中的固有粒度引起的稳态信号与零的偏差。

2. 发明授权

US4114023A Heater control for rotary members 失效
标题翻译：加热器控制旋转成员
公开(公告)号：US4114023A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-12
申请号：US734755
申请日：1976-10-22
申请人： Richard J. Zelinka , George K. Sutherland
发明人： Richard J. Zelinka , George K. Sutherland
IPC分类号： G05D23/24 , H05B3/00 , H05B1/02
CPC分类号： H05B3/0095 , G05D23/1909 , G05D23/24
摘要： A heater roll in which a resistor-type heater mounted in the roll is controlled by use of a temperature sensing element also located in the roll. Electrical power, particularly AC power, is provided through slip rings and the set point for the temperature control is determined by a signal from a current source applied through the slip rings. The set point transmitter is designed to provide a constant current signal to the temperature regulator, irrespective of resistance variations which may be introduced by changes in the slip ring characteristics. As such, the temperature regulator maintains a predetermined temperature in the rotating roll, irrespective of slip-ring resistance variations.

3. 发明授权

US4847598A Water treatment regeneration system incorporating alternating current excitation and paired operational amplifiers with asymmetrical feedback elements 失效
标题翻译：包含交流激励的水处理再生系统和具有不对称反馈元件的配对运算放大器
公开(公告)号：US4847598A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-11
申请号：US126472
申请日：1987-11-27
申请人： Mario A. Tucci , George K. Sutherland
发明人： Mario A. Tucci , George K. Sutherland
IPC分类号： B01J49/00 , G01N27/04 , G01R27/22 , G08B21/18
CPC分类号： B01J49/0091 , G01R27/22 , G08B21/182
摘要： A signal responsive circuit especially adapted for use in a water treatment system for signaling the need for regeneration of an ion exchange resin bed or the replacement of a particulate filter medium. A series of three electrodes are disposed in the water treatment medium in longitudinally spaced relation along the direction of flow and an alternating current signal drives the center-most electrode. The two outer electrodes are coupled as inputs to first and second operational amplifiers having asymmetrical gain characteristics. When the effective resistance between the center electrode and the two outer electrodes are equal, which is the condition prior to the movement of the hardness front or contamination front to the location of the electrodes, a first signal output condition exists. However, when the resin bed or filter medium becomes "exhausted" to the point where the hardness or contamination front moves to a point between the center and upstream electrode, the signal output condition reverses state and can be used to trigger regeneration or replacement of the medium. The use of an alternating current drive signal obviates problems relating to electrode contamination or erosion. Further, an AGC circuit is utilized to ensure proper operation under variations in ambient conditions, such as temperature changes in the medium. A low pass filter also is effective to render the system less subject to short-duration transient conditions.
摘要翻译：一种信号响应电路，特别适用于水处理系统，用于发出离子交换树脂床再生的需要或微粒过滤介质的更换。一系列三个电极沿着流动方向以纵向间隔的关系设置在水处理介质中，并且交流信号驱动最中心的电极。两个外部电极作为输入耦合到具有不对称增益特性的第一和第二运算放大器。当中心电极和两个外部电极之间的有效电阻相等时，这是在硬度前沿或污染前沿移动到电极位置之前的状态，存在第一信号输出条件。然而，当树脂床或过滤介质“耗尽”到硬度或污染物前沿移动到中心和上游电极之间的点时，信号输出条件反转状态，并且可以用于触发再生或更换中。使用交流驱动信号避免了与电极污染或侵蚀有关的问题。此外，AGC电路被用于确保在环境条件的变化（例如介质中的温度变化）下的适当操作。低通滤波器也有效地使系统较短时间短暂的条件。

4. 发明授权

US4540877A Constant current closed loop controller for rotating system 失效
标题翻译：用于旋转系统的恒流闭环控制器
公开(公告)号：US4540877A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-10
申请号：US564032
申请日：1983-12-21
申请人： Richard J. Zelinka , George K. Sutherland , Thomas J. Thielen
发明人： Richard J. Zelinka , George K. Sutherland , Thomas J. Thielen
IPC分类号： G05D23/24 , H05B3/00 , H05B1/02
CPC分类号： H05B3/0095 , G05D23/1909 , G05D23/24 , Y10S323/909
摘要： A temperature controller for monitoring the temperature of a rotating heating system and regulating the temperature relative to a desired temperature. A transmitter within the rotating system coupled to a remote stationary controller via slip rings produces a magnitude varying current control signal within a calibrated range at a magnitude proportional to the sensed temperature. A pair of voltage dividers within the transmitter establish the level and range of current magnitude relative to a constant current source. The remote stationary controller compares the current control signal to a set-point and synchronously supplies power to the heater elements of the rotating system, so long as the sensed temperature is below the desired temperature.
摘要翻译：温度控制器，用于监测旋转加热系统的温度并相对于所需温度调节温度。通过滑环耦合到远程静止控制器的旋转系统内的变送器在与所感测的温度成正比的幅度的校准范围内产生幅度变化的电流控制信号。变送器内的一对分压器相对于恒定电流源建立电流幅度的电平和范围。远程固定控制器将电流控制信号与设定点进行比较，并且同时向旋转系统的加热器元件供电，只要所感测的温度低于所需温度即可。

5. 发明授权

US4320010A Regeneration detector for water softeners 失效
标题翻译：水软化剂再生检测仪
公开(公告)号：US4320010A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-16
申请号：US173988
申请日：1980-07-31
申请人： Mario A. Tucci , George K. Sutherland
发明人： Mario A. Tucci , George K. Sutherland
IPC分类号： B01J49/00 , B01D41/02
CPC分类号： B01J49/0095
摘要： A method and apparatus for initiating the regeneration cycle of an ion exchange resin type water softener based upon the movement of the "hardness front" through the resin bed as water being treated is passed therethrough. Electrical probes are provided at predetermined longitudinally spaced locations and the difference in potential between the probes is measured, as is the rate of change of this potential with respect to time. It is found that as the hardness front passes between the probes, a detectable change in potential occurs which may be applied to an electronic circuit for generating a control signal which may initiate the regeneration cycle of the water softener subsequent to the arrival of the hardness front in the zone between the probes.
摘要翻译：基于“硬度前沿”通过作为被处理水的树脂床的移动，开始离子交换树脂型软水器的再生循环的方法和装置通过。电探针设置在预定的纵向间隔的位置处，并且测量探针之间的电位差，以及该电位相对于时间的变化率。发现当硬度前沿通过探针之间时，发生可检测的电位变化，其可能被施加到用于产生控制信号的电子电路，该控制信号可以在硬度前端到达之后启动软水器的再生循环在探针之间的区域。

6. 发明授权

US4937557A Monitoring and indicating circuit for reverse osmosis filter 失效
标题翻译：反渗透过滤器监控和指示电路
公开(公告)号：US4937557A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-26
申请号：US460014
申请日：1990-01-02
申请人： Mario A. Tucci , George K. Sutherland
发明人： Mario A. Tucci , George K. Sutherland
IPC分类号： B01D61/12 , G01N27/06
CPC分类号： G01N27/10 , B01D61/12
摘要： A monitor and indicating circuit for use with a reverse osmosis filter for signaling the need for servicing of the filter comprises first and second conductivity cells respectively located in the water inlet and outlet pipes of the filter. An AC signal of a predetermined frequency and amplitude is used to drive an op amp whose input resistance comprises the outlet conductivity cell and whose feedback impedance comprises the inlet conductivity cell. Normally, the resistivity of the outlet conductivity cell is substantially larger than the resistivity of the inlet conductivity cell, assuming that the filter is functioning properly. As the ROF fails, the resistivity at the outlet approaches that at the inlet thereby increasing the gain of the variable gain amplifier. The output from the variable gain amplifier is then peak detected and applied to a comparator where it is compared to a predetermined reference voltage. If the output from the peak detector remains below the comparator's reference, the logic means operates to cause a green LED to be illuminated. However, as the filter becomes used, the gain of the operational amplifier approaches unity and the comparator will produce a signal causing a red LED to be lit.
摘要翻译：与反渗透滤波器一起使用的用于指示对过滤器进行维修的信号的监视器和指示电路包括分别位于过滤器的进水管和出水管中的第一和第二导电池。使用预定频率和幅度的AC信号来驱动其输入电阻包括出口电导率单元并且其反馈阻抗包括入口电导率单元的运算放大器。通常，考虑到过滤器正常工作，出口电导率电池的电阻率基本上大于入口电导率电池的电阻率。当ROF失效时，出口处的电阻率接近入口，从而增加可变增益放大器的增益。来自可变增益放大器的输出然后被峰值检测并施加到比较器，在比较器中与预定参考电压进行比较。如果峰值检测器的输出保持在比较器的参考电压以下，则逻辑装置将使绿色LED亮起。然而，随着滤波器的使用，运算放大器的增益接近一致，比较器将产生一个使红色LED点亮的信号。

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