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1. 发明授权

US4890496A Method and means for detection of hydrogen attack by ultrasonic wave velocity measurements 失效
标题翻译：通过超声波速度测量检测氢气攻击的方法和手段
公开(公告)号：US4890496A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-02
申请号：US241504
申请日：1988-09-07
申请人： Anmol S. Birring , David G. Alcazar , Gary J. Hendrix , John J. Hanley
发明人： Anmol S. Birring , David G. Alcazar , Gary J. Hendrix , John J. Hanley
IPC分类号： G01N29/04 , G01N29/07
CPC分类号： G01N29/041 , G01N29/07 , G01N2291/0421 , G01N2291/0422
摘要： A method for detecting hydrogen attack by ultrasound wave velocity measurements in which ultrasound waves (e.g. longitudinal, shear, or creeping) are transmitted from one transducer to another transducer along a fixed path through a steel body such as pipe. The velocity of the ultrasound wave is determined with an accuracy of 0.1 percent from the fixed path length and the time for a wave to travel from one transducer to the other transducer. A decrease in velocity by more than two percent indicates hydrogen attack. In one embodiment, either refracted longitudinal or refracted shear waves are transmitted, and the velocities thereof are determined. In another embodiment, a creeping wave is transmitted from one transducer to the other transducer with the creeping wave including a surface wave and a subsurface wave. Travel time of the subsurface wave is measured and used with the known fixed path length in determining velocity. In the third embodiment ultrasonic waves are transmitted into the material and the backscattered ultrasound is measured. An increase in backscattered ultrasound is related to hydrogen attack.
摘要翻译：一种通过超声波速度测量来检测氢侵入的方法，其中超声波（例如纵向，剪切或蠕变）沿着固定路径从一个换能器传递到另一个换能器，通过诸如管道的钢体。超声波的速度以固定路径长度的0.1％的精度和波从一个换能器行进到另一个换能器的时间确定。速度下降超过2％表示氢气袭击。在一个实施例中，传送折射的纵向或折射的剪切波，并确定其速度。在另一个实施例中，蠕变波从包括表面波和地下波的蠕变波从一个换能器传输到另一个换能器。在确定速度时，测量地下波的行进时间和已知的固定路径长度。在第三实施例中，超声波被传送到材料中，并且测量背散射超声波。背散射超声的增加与氢侵袭有关。

2. 发明授权

US4711120A Method of wear monitoring using ultrasonic phase comparison 失效
标题翻译：使用超声波相位比较的磨损监测方法
公开(公告)号：US4711120A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-08
申请号：US915382
申请日：1986-10-06
申请人： Hegeon Kwun , Anmol S. Birring , Gurvinder P. Singh , Gary J. Hendrix , David G. Alcazar
发明人： Hegeon Kwun , Anmol S. Birring , Gurvinder P. Singh , Gary J. Hendrix , David G. Alcazar
IPC分类号： G01B17/02 , G01N29/07 , G01M15/00
CPC分类号： G01B17/025 , G01N29/07 , G01N2291/02854
摘要： A method of monitoring the cylinder wall wear using ultrasonic phase comparison techniques is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of introducing ultrasonic waves in a cylinder wall so that the waves travel through the cylinder wall. A change in the traveling time of the ultrasonic waves traveling through the cylinder wall due to cylinder wall wear is determined. The amount of wear of the cylinder wall is calculated by multiplying the velocity of the ultrasonic waves in the cylinder wall by the traveling time change due to cylinder wall wear. The traveling time change due to cylinder wall wear is obtained by determining the actual change in travel time by a phase comparison of the traveling ultrasonic waves and adjusting the actual change in travel time to compensate for any change due to temperature variation of the cylinder wall. With this method, small changes in traveling time on the order of 10.sup.-11 second can be determined so that thickness changes due to wear on the order of 5.times.10.sup.-4 mm are possible.
摘要翻译：公开了使用超声波相位比较技术来监测气缸壁磨损的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：在气缸壁中引入超声波，使得波浪通过气缸壁。确定由于气缸壁磨损而穿过气缸壁的超声波的行进时间的变化。通过将气缸壁中的超声波的速度乘以气缸壁磨损的行进时间变化来计算气缸壁的磨损量。通过行进超声波的相位比较确定行驶时间的实际变化并调整行驶时间的实际变化来补偿由于气缸壁的温度变化引起的任何变化，来获得行车时间的变化。通过这种方法，可以确定10-11秒的行进时间的小的变化，使得由于5×10 -4 mm量级的磨损而导致的厚度变化是可能的。

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