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1. 发明授权

US5637502A Enhanced attrition bioreactor for enzyme hydrolysis of cellulosic materials 失效
标题翻译：用于纤维素材料酶水解的增强消耗生物反应器
公开(公告)号：US5637502A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-10
申请号：US591272
申请日：1996-01-25
申请人： Timothy C. Scott , Charles D. Scott , Brendlyn D. Faison , Brian H. Davison , Jonathan Woodward
发明人： Timothy C. Scott , Charles D. Scott , Brendlyn D. Faison , Brian H. Davison , Jonathan Woodward
IPC分类号： C12P1/04 , C12P19/14 , C12S1/00 , C12S3/04 , C12M3/00
CPC分类号： C12P1/04 , C12M21/12 , C12M45/09 , C12M47/10 , C12P19/14
摘要： A process for converting cellulosic materials, such as waste paper, into fuels and chemicals, such as sugars and ethanol, utilizing enzymatic hydrolysis of the major carbohydrate of paper: cellulose. A waste paper slurry is contacted by cellulase in an agitated hydrolyzer. An attritor and a cellobiase reactor are coupled to the agitated hydrolyzer to improve reaction efficiency. Additionally, microfiltration, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis steps are included to further increase reaction efficiency. The resulting sugars are converted to a dilute product in a fluidized-bed bioreactor utilizing a biocatalyst, such as microorganisms. The dilute product is then concentrated and purified.
摘要翻译：利用纤维素的主要碳水化合物的酶水解，将纤维素材料如废纸转化为燃料和化学品如糖和乙醇的方法。废纸浆在纤维素酶在搅拌的水解器中接触。将磨碎机和纤维二糖酶反应器与搅拌的水解器偶联以提高反应效率。此外，包括微滤，超滤和反渗透步骤以进一步提高反应效率。使用生物催化剂如微生物将所得糖转化为流化床生物反应器中的稀释产物。然后将稀释的产物浓缩并纯化。

2. 发明授权

US4336044A Process for separating coal synthesized methane from unreacted intermediate and contaminant gases 失效
标题翻译：从未反应的中间体和污染气体中分离煤合成甲烷的方法
公开(公告)号：US4336044A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-22
申请号：US200799
申请日：1980-10-27
申请人： Ray E. Barker , Charles D. Scott , Allen D. Ryon
发明人： Ray E. Barker , Charles D. Scott , Allen D. Ryon
IPC分类号： F25J3/02
CPC分类号： F25J3/0261 , F25J3/0219 , F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0252 , F25J3/0266 , F25J3/0271 , F25J2200/70 , F25J2200/74 , F25J2205/50 , F25J2210/14 , Y02C10/12 , Y10S62/929 , Y10S62/931
摘要： Gas produced from coal and containing CH.sub.4, CO, CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S is contacted with CO.sub.2 scrub liquid to form (1) a liquid CO.sub.2 stream containing as solutes CH.sub.4, H.sub.2 S and minor portions of the CO and H.sub.2, and (2) a gas stream containing CO.sub.2 and major portions of the CO and H.sub.2, the CO and H.sub.2 in this stream being recycled to the means which produces gas from coal, and CO.sub.2 in the stream being recycled to the scrub liquid. The solute-bearing liquid CO.sub.2 stream is fractionated into (1) a liquid CO.sub.2 stream containing CH.sub.4 and H.sub.2 S, and (2) a H.sub.2 /CO gas stream which is recycled into contact with the scrub liquid. The last-mentioned liquid CO.sub.2 stream is fractionated into (1) a CH.sub.4 /CO.sub.2 gas stream the CO.sub.2 of which is recycled to the scrub liquid, and (2) a liquid CO.sub.2 stream containing H.sub.2 S, and CO.sub.2 of this stream is also recycled to the scrub liquid.
摘要翻译：由煤产生的含有CH 4，CO，CO 2，H 2和H 2 S的气体与CO 2洗涤液接触以形成（1）包含作为溶质CH 4，H 2 S和CO和H 2的次要部分的液体CO 2流，和（2）含有CO 2和CO和H 2的主要部分的气流，该流中的CO和H 2被再循环到从煤产生气体的装置中，并且将该物流中的CO 2再循环到洗涤液中。将含溶质的液体CO 2流分馏成（1）含有CH 4和H 2 S的液体CO 2流，和（2）再循环与洗涤液接触的H 2 / CO气流。将最后提到的液体二氧化碳流分馏成（1）其二氧化碳被再循环至洗涤液中的CH 4 / CO 2气流，和（2）含有H 2 S的液态二氧化碳流，并将该物流的CO 2再循环至洗涤液。

3. 发明授权

US4032407A Tapered bed bioreactor 失效
标题翻译：切割床生物反应器
公开(公告)号：US4032407A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-28
申请号：US660902
申请日：1976-02-24
申请人： Charles D. Scott , Charles W. Hancher
发明人： Charles D. Scott , Charles W. Hancher
IPC分类号： A23C9/12 , B01J8/22 , C02F3/12 , C12M1/40 , C13K13/00 , C12B1/00
CPC分类号： C02F3/085 , A23C9/1206 , B01J8/22 , C12M23/02 , C12M25/16 , C12M33/22 , C13K13/00 , Y02W10/15 , Y10S423/17 , Y10S435/813 , Y10S435/877
摘要： A vertically oriented conically shaped column is used as a fluidized bed bioreactor wherein biologically catalyzed reactions are conducted in a continuous manner. The column utilizes a packing material a support having attached thereto a biologically active catalytic material.

4. 发明授权

US3969218A Elution electrophoresis 失效
标题翻译：洗脱电泳
公开(公告)号：US3969218A
公开(公告)日：1976-07-13
申请号：US548941
申请日：1975-02-11
申请人： Charles D. Scott
发明人： Charles D. Scott
IPC分类号： B01D57/02 , G01N27/447 , G01N27/26 , G01N27/28
CPC分类号： G01N27/447 , B01D57/02 , G01N2030/285
摘要： Colloids and macromolecules are separated by simultaneously carrying out elution and electrophoretic separation processes.
摘要翻译：通过同时进行洗脱和电泳分离过程分离胶体和大分子。

5. 发明授权

US5494811A Biparticle fluidized bed reactor 失效
标题翻译：双粒流化床反应器
公开(公告)号：US5494811A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-27
申请号：US379403
申请日：1995-01-26
申请人： Charles D. Scott , Joseph A. Marasco
发明人： Charles D. Scott , Joseph A. Marasco
IPC分类号： B01J8/32 , C12M1/40 , C12P7/48 , C12P7/56
CPC分类号： B01J8/32 , C12M25/16 , C12M25/20 , C12M33/16 , C12P7/48 , C12P7/56 , Y10S435/803 , Y10S435/813
摘要： A fluidized bed reactor system which utilizes a fluid phase, a retained fluidized primary particulate phase, and a migratory second particulate phase. The primary particulate phase is a particle such as a gel bead containing an immobilized biocatalyst. The secondary and tertiary particulate phases, continuously introduced and removed simultaneously in the cocurrent and countercurrent mode, act in a role such as a sorbent to continuously remove a product or by-product constituent from the fluid phase. Means for introducing and removing the sorbent phases include feed screw mechanisms and multivane slurry valves.
摘要翻译：一种流化床反应器系统，其利用流体相，保留的流化初级颗粒相和迁移的第二颗粒相。初级颗粒相是含有固定化生物催化剂的凝胶珠粒子。以并流和逆流模式同时连续引入和除去的二级和三级颗粒相起到吸附剂的作用，从而从流体相连续地除去产物或副产物组分。用于引入和除去吸附剂相的装置包括进料螺杆机构和多燃料浆料阀。

6. 发明授权

US5348871A Process for converting cellulosic materials into fuels and chemicals 失效
标题翻译：将纤维素材料转化为燃料和化学品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5348871A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-20
申请号：US884506
申请日：1992-05-15
申请人： Charles D. Scott , Brendlyn D. Faison , Brian H. Davison , Jonathan Woodward
发明人： Charles D. Scott , Brendlyn D. Faison , Brian H. Davison , Jonathan Woodward
IPC分类号： C12P1/04 , C12P19/14 , C12S1/00 , C12S3/04 , C12P7/10 , C12P7/06 , C12N9/42
CPC分类号： C12P19/14 , C12P1/04 , Y10S435/813
摘要： A process for converting cellulosic materials, such as waste paper, into fuels and chemicals utilizing enzymatic hydrolysis of the major constituent of paper, cellulose. A waste paper slurry is contacted by cellulase in an agitated hydrolyzer. The cellulase is produced from a continuous, columnar, fluidized-bed bioreactor utilizing immobilized microorganisms. An attritor and a cellobiase reactor are coupled to the agitated hydrolyzer to improve reaction efficiency. The cellulase is recycled by an adsorption process. The resulting crude sugars are converted to dilute product in a fluidized-bed bioreactor utilizing microorganisms. The dilute product is concentrated and purified by utilizing distillation and/or a biparticle fluidized-bed bioreactor system.
摘要翻译：将纤维素材料（例如废纸）转化成燃料和化学品的方法，其利用纸的主要成分的纤维素酶水解。废纸浆在纤维素酶在搅拌的水解器中接触。纤维素酶由使用固定化微生物的连续的柱状流化床生物反应器生产。将磨碎机和纤维二糖酶反应器与搅拌的水解器偶联以提高反应效率。纤维素酶通过吸附过程再循环。所得到的粗糖在微生物的流化床生物反应器中转化为稀释产物。通过利用蒸馏和/或双粒流化床生物反应器系统浓缩和纯化稀释产物。

7. 发明授权

US5712212A Apparatus and method for the production of gel beads containing a biocatalyst 失效
标题翻译：用于生产含有生物催化剂的凝胶珠的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5712212A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-27
申请号：US401054
申请日：1995-03-08
申请人： Charles D. Scott , Timothy C. Scott , Brian H. Davison
发明人： Charles D. Scott , Timothy C. Scott , Brian H. Davison
IPC分类号： B01J13/02 , C12N11/04 , B01D37/36
CPC分类号： C12N11/04 , B01J13/02
摘要： An apparatus and method for the large-scale and continuous production of gel beads containing a biocatalyst. The apparatus is a columnar system based on the chemical cross-linking of hydrocolloidal gels that contain and immobilize a biocatalyst, the biocatalyst being a microorganism or an enzyme. Hydrocolloidal gels, such as alginate, carrageenan, and a mixture of bone gelatin and modified alginate, provide immobilization matrices that can be used to entrap and retain the biocatalyst while allowing effective contact with substrates and release of products. Such immobilized biocatalysts are generally formulated into small spheres or beads that have high concentrations of the biocatalyst within the gel matrix. The columnar system includes a gel dispersion nozzle submerged in a heated non-interacting liquid, typically an organic liquid, that is immiscible with water to allow efficient formation of spherical gel droplets, the non-interacting liquid having a specific gravity that is less than water so that the gel droplets will fall through the liquid by the force of gravity. The heated non-interacting liquid is in direct contact with a chilled upflowing non-interacting liquid that will provide sufficient residence time for the gel droplets as they fall through the liquid so that they will be cooled below the gelling temperature and form solid spheres. The upflowing non-interacting liquid is in direct contact with an upflowing temperature-controlled aqueous solution containing the necessary chemicals for cross-linking or fixing of the gel beads to add the necessary stability. The flow rates of the two liquid streams can be varied to control the proper residence time in each liquid section to accommodate the production of gel beads of differing settling velocities. A valve is provided for continuous removal of the stabilized gel beads from the bottom of the column.
摘要翻译：用于大规模连续生产含有生物催化剂的凝胶珠的装置和方法。该装置是基于水凝胶凝胶的化学交联的柱状体系，其包含并固定生物催化剂，生物催化剂是微生物或酶。水凝胶凝胶如藻酸盐，角叉菜胶和骨明胶和改性藻酸盐的混合物提供固定基质，其可用于捕获和保留生物催化剂，同时允许有效接触底物和释放产物。这种固定化的生物催化剂通常配制成在凝胶基体内具有高浓度生物催化剂的小球或珠粒。柱状系统包括浸没在加热的非相互作用液体（通常为有机液体）中的凝胶分散喷嘴，其与水不混溶以允许有效形成球形凝胶液滴，非相互作用液体的比重小于水使凝胶液滴通过重力作用而流过液体。加热的非相互作用的液体与冷却的向上流动的非相互作用的液体直接接触，这将使凝胶液滴在液体下降时提供足够的停留时间，使得它们将被冷却到胶凝温度以下并形成固体球体。向上流动的非相互作用液体与向上流动的温度控制的水溶液直接接触，该水溶液含有用于交联或固定凝胶珠的必需化学品，以增加必要的稳定性。可以改变两种液体流的流速以控制在每个液体部分中的适当停留时间，以适应不同沉降速度的凝胶珠的生产。提供了一个阀门，用于从柱底部连续除去稳定的凝胶珠。

8. 发明授权

US5409822A Biparticle fluidized bed reactor 失效
标题翻译：双粒流化床反应器
公开(公告)号：US5409822A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-25
申请号：US84832
申请日：1993-06-29
申请人： Charles D. Scott , Joseph A. Marasco
发明人： Charles D. Scott , Joseph A. Marasco
IPC分类号： B01J8/32 , C12M1/40 , C12P7/48 , C12P7/56
CPC分类号： B01J8/32 , C12M25/16 , C12M25/20 , C12M33/16 , C12P7/48 , C12P7/56 , Y10S435/803 , Y10S435/813
摘要： A fluidized bed reactor system utilizes a fluid phase, a retained fluidized primary particulate phase, and a migratory second particulate phase. The primary particulate phase is a particle such as a gel bead containing an immobilized biocatalyst. The secondary particulate phase, continuously introduced and removed in either cocurrent or countercurrent mode, acts in a secondary role such as a sorbent to continuously remove a product or by-product constituent from the fluid phase. Introduction and removal of the sorbent phase is accomplished through the use of feed screw mechanisms and multivane slurry valves.
摘要翻译：流化床反应器系统利用流体相，保留的流化初级颗粒相和迁移的第二颗粒相。初级颗粒相是含有固定化生物催化剂的凝胶珠粒子。以并流或逆流模式连续引入和除去的二次颗粒相起到辅助作用，例如吸附剂，以从流体相连续地除去产物或副产物组分。吸附剂相的引入和除去是通过使用进料螺杆机构和多种浆料阀完成的。

9. 发明授权

US5358614A Method and apparatus for the removal of bioconversion of constituents of organic liquids 失效
标题翻译：用于去除有机液体成分的生物转化的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5358614A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-25
申请号：US116772
申请日：1993-09-03
申请人： Timothy Scott , Charles D. Scott
发明人： Timothy Scott , Charles D. Scott
IPC分类号： B01J14/00 , B01J19/08 , B03C5/00
CPC分类号： B01J19/087 , B01J14/00 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/0813 , B01J2219/0835 , B01J2219/0888 , Y10S588/90
摘要： A method and apparatus for the removal or conversion of constituents from bulk organic liquids. A countercurrent biphasic bioreactor system is utilized to disperse and recoalesce a biocatalyst contained in the aqueous liquid phase into the organic liquid phase containing the constituent. Two transient, high-intensity electrical fields rupture the aqueous drops into a plurality of microdroplets and induce continuous coalescence and redispersion as the microdroplets travel through the organic phase, thus increasing surface area. As the aqueous microdroplets progress through the organic phase, the biocatalyst then reacts with the constituent to produce a product which is then removed from the bioreactor in the aqueous phase or retained in the organic phase. The organic liquid, now free of the original constituents, is ready for immediate use or further processing.
摘要翻译：用于从体状有机液体中去除或转化成分的方法和装置。使用逆流双相生物反应器系统将包含在水性液相中的生物催化剂分散并还原成含有成分的有机液相。两个瞬时的高强度电场将水滴破裂成多个微滴，并且随着微滴流过有机相而引起连续聚结和再分散，从而增加表面积。当水微滴进入有机相时，生物催化剂然后与组分反应以产生产物，然后在水相中从生物反应器中除去或保留在有机相中。现在没有原始成分的有机液体可以立即使用或进一步加工。

10. 发明授权

US5248484A Attrition reactor system 失效
标题翻译：磨耗反应器系统
公开(公告)号：US5248484A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US945997
申请日：1992-09-15
申请人： Charles D. Scott , Brian H. Davison
发明人： Charles D. Scott , Brian H. Davison
IPC分类号： B01F13/10 , B01J19/18
CPC分类号： B01J19/1881 , B01F13/1047
摘要： A reactor vessel for reacting a solid particulate with a liquid reactant has a centrifugal pump in circulatory flow communication with the reactor vessel for providing particulate attrition, resulting in additional fresh surface where the reaction can occur.
摘要翻译：用于使固体颗粒与液体反应物反应的反应器容器具有与反应器容器循环流动连通的离心泵，用于提供颗粒磨耗，从而产生可能发生反应的另外的新鲜表面。

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