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1. 发明授权

US5027121A Video processor for a counter-countermeasure system 失效
标题翻译：视频处理器，用于对抗对策系统
公开(公告)号：US5027121A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-25
申请号：US743536
申请日：1968-07-09
申请人： Burton L. Hulland
发明人： Burton L. Hulland
IPC分类号： G01S7/36
CPC分类号： G01S7/36
摘要： There is disclosed a video processor, for use in a counter-countermeasure stem, to convert radar video signals into binary information, consisting of four parallel channels, the outputs of which are ORed to obtain a combined synthetic video signal. Two channels operate on video from a logarithmic detector to optimize sensitivity in the presence of jamming and to extract real target information. The third and fourth channels operate from the output of a wide band detector and can distinguish between swept noise pulses and true target signals.
摘要翻译：公开了一种视频处理器，用于对抗对策系统中，将雷达视频信号转换为由四个并行通道组成的二进制信息，其输出被或运算以获得合成的合成视频信号。两个通道在对数检测器的视频上进行操作，以在存在干扰的情况下优化灵敏度并提取真实的目标信息。第三和第四通道从宽带检测器的输出操作，并且可以区分扫频噪声脉冲和真实目标信号。

2. 发明授权

US5196856A Passive SSR system utilizing P3 and P2 pulses for synchronizing measurements of TOA data 失效
标题翻译：被动SSR系统利用P3和P2脉冲来同步测量TOA数据
公开(公告)号：US5196856A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-23
申请号：US908183
申请日：1992-07-01
申请人： George B. Litchford , Burton L. Hulland
发明人： George B. Litchford , Burton L. Hulland
IPC分类号： G01S3/02 , G01S13/76 , G01S13/93
CPC分类号： G01S3/02 , G01S13/76 , G01S13/9303
摘要： The range from which a collision avoidance system at an Own station can receive SSR interrogations and reply messages from Other stations, is extended by utilizing P2 pulses for timing TOA measurement in the event P1-P3 pulse pairs are unavailable from the scanning main beam or its side lobes. The amplitude of the P2 pulses in the SLS radiation pattern being greater than the P1-P3 side lobes of the main beam over an angular sector of about 60.degree. centered on the main beam can insure reception of P2 pulses at much greater ranges than P3 pulses contained in the main beam side lobes can be reliably received. Using P2 timing, interlaced Mode A and Mode C reply messages contained in a main beam burst reply sequence are separated into two "families" of TOAs, the Mode C (altitude) TOAs always being longer than the Mode A TOAs by 13 .mu.sec. A "true" TOA is obtained by subtracting an appropriate time period from the TOA of each family, from which identity, altitude and range information is readily derived. The system continuously adapts to the best instantaneously available timing pulses, alternating between P3 timing and P2 timing throughout the time it takes for a main beam rotation of the received SSRs, thereby extending the operation area of multiple TOA measurements from multiple SSRs which, in turn, provides added safety and reduced false alarms compared to prior passive collision avoidance systems.
摘要翻译：通过利用P2脉冲进行定时TOA测量，在本站的碰撞回避系统可以接收来自其他站的SSR询问和回复消息的范围在P1-P3脉冲对不可用于扫描主波束或其中旁瓣。 SLS辐射图中的P2脉冲的幅度大于主光束在主光束上约60°的角扇区上的P1-P3旁瓣的幅度可以确保以比P3脉冲更大的范围接收P2脉冲可以可靠地接收包含在主梁旁瓣中的装置。使用P2定时，包含在主波束突发应答序列中的隔行扫描模式A和模式C应答消息被分为TOA的两个“系列”，模式C（高度）TOA总是比模式A TOA长13μsec。通过从每个家庭的TOA中减去适当的时间段来获得“真实”TOA，从容易导出身份，高度和范围信息。该系统连续地适应最佳瞬时可用的定时脉冲，在接收的SSR的主波束旋转所需的整个时间内在P3定时和P2定时之间交替，从而从多个SSR扩展多个TOA测量的操作区域，，与以前的被动碰撞避免系统相比，提供了更多的安全性和减少的虚假警报。

3. 发明授权

US4642648A Simple passive/active proximity warning system 失效
标题翻译：简单的被动/主动接近警报系统
公开(公告)号：US4642648A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-10
申请号：US589524
申请日：1984-03-14
申请人： Burton L. Hulland , George B. Litchford
发明人： Burton L. Hulland , George B. Litchford
IPC分类号： G01S13/18 , G01S13/78 , G01S13/79 , G01S13/93 , G01S3/02
CPC分类号： G01S13/781 , G01S13/79 , G01S13/9303
摘要： A simple active/passive proximity warning system for an Own station that uses differential time of arrival values, direct time of arrival values, and differential altitude values determined from 1030 MHz interrogations from ground-based SSRs and Own station and 1090 MHz transponder replies from Other stations to identify threats is disclosed. The invention combines a passive detection system and an active detection system into an integrated system that overcomes the limitations present when either type of system is used by itself. Generally speaking, the passive system identifies threats and produces a threat alert when the differential altitude value and the largest time of arrival value associated with an Other station are below predetermined values. A preferred embodiment of the active system monitors the environment for SSR density, classifies the environment into a plurality of "cases", and automatically selects in response thereto one of a plurality of control modes. The control mode selected determines in whole or in part whether interrogations will be produced by an interrogator in the active system, and the rate at which they are produced. In one embodiment, the active system has three control modes, the first of which continuously produces sets of interrogations at a relatively low transmission rate, the second of which selectively produces a set of interrogations upon detection of a potential threat, and the third of which produces no interrogations. The integrated system includes a number of features which improve the performance and reliability of the system, minimize interference with other ATC systems, and minimize false alarms.
摘要翻译：一个自主站的简单的主动/被动接近警报系统，使用差分到达时间值，直接到达时间值和从地面SSR和本机站1030 MHz询问确定的差分高度值，以及其他1090 MHz转发器的答复披露了识别威胁的电台。本发明将被动检测系统和主动检测系统组合成集成系统，克服当本体使用任何一种类型的系统时所存在的限制。一般来说，当与其他站相关的差分高度值和最大到达时间值低于预定值时，被动系统识别威胁并产生威胁警报。主动系统的优选实施例监视环境的SSR密度，将环境分类为多个“情况”，并且响应于其中的一个自动选择多个控制模式之一。所选择的控制模式全部或部分地确定询问是否将由主动系统中的询问器产生，以及产生它们的速率。在一个实施例中，主动系统具有三种控制模式，其中第一种控制模式以相对低的传输速率连续地产生一组询问，其中第二控制模式在检测到潜在的威胁时选择性地产生一组询问，其中三分之一不产生询问。集成系统包括许多功能，可提高系统的性能和可靠性，最大限度地减少对其他ATC系统的干扰，并尽量减少假警报。

4. 发明授权

US06868101B1 Low cost means of modulating a laser 失效
标题翻译：调制激光器的低成本手段
公开(公告)号：US06868101B1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-15
申请号：US09269145
申请日：1997-09-12
申请人： Herman C. Lowenhar , Burton L. Hulland
发明人： Herman C. Lowenhar , Burton L. Hulland
IPC分类号： G02B6/42 , H01S5/062 , H01S5/14 , H01S3/13
CPC分类号： G02B6/4226 , G02B6/4202 , H01S5/06216 , H01S5/141
摘要： The present invention discusses a modulation method and apparatus for modulating an extended-cavity laser (211). The method and apparatus (200-203) entails the use of each pulse in an input modulating pulse train as the trigger for the generation of a brief or “notch” pulse, i.e. a pulse that briefly diminishes the normal drive current. Each “notch” pulse is used to drive the semiconduct (211) embedded in an extended cavity with a current that flows opposite to its normal drive current. This serves to diminish the inverted charge-carrier population essential to lasing action, so the laser output falls sharply in a form of amplitude modulation. The invention also discloses a simple, miniaturized means (372, 352, 312) of micropositioning, based on the differential rotation of nested conical plugs, that can serve to couple the semiconductor laser to the cavity.
摘要翻译：本发明讨论了用于调制扩展腔激光器（211）的调制方法和装置。方法和装置（200-203）需要使用输入调制脉冲串中的每个脉冲作为产生短暂或“陷波”脉冲的触发，即短暂地减小正常驱动电流的脉冲。每个“陷波”脉冲用于以与其正常驱动电流相反的电流驱动嵌入在扩展腔中的半导体（211）。这用于减少激光作用所必需的反向电荷载流子，因此激光输出以幅度调制的形式急剧下降。本发明还公开了一种简单的微型定位装置（372,352,312），其基于嵌套锥形塞的差动旋转，其可用于将半导体激光器耦合到空腔。

5. 发明授权

US4899156A Virtual ATCRBS using signals of remote SSR 失效
标题翻译：虚拟ATCRBS使用远程SSR的信号
公开(公告)号：US4899156A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-06
申请号：US379651
申请日：1989-07-13
申请人： George B. Litchford , Burton L. Hulland
发明人： George B. Litchford , Burton L. Hulland
IPC分类号： G01S5/06 , G01S13/78 , G01S13/87
CPC分类号： G01S13/781 , G01S13/87 , G01S5/06
摘要： A virtual secondary surveillance radar (SSR) of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,115,771 can produce inaccurate or indeterminate range information for a transponder positioned near or on a line between the actual SSR and the virtual SSR, owing to unfavorable geometrical relationships. When such condition occurs, the error or ambiquity is resolved by transmitting interrogations from the virtual SSR site toward the actual SSR. The time delay between transmission of an interrogation and reception of a reply to it is a direct measure of the range of the transponder from the virtual SSR.
摘要翻译：美国专利中描述的类型的虚拟二次监视雷达（SSR）由于不利的几何关系，第4,115,771号可能对位于实际SSR和虚拟SSR之间的线路附近的转发器产生不准确或不确定的范围信息。当这种情况发生时，通过从虚拟SSR站点向实际SSR发送询问来解决错误或者野性。发送询问和接收回复之间的时间延迟是来自虚拟SSR的应答器范围的直接测量。

6. 发明授权

US4486755A Collision avoidance system 失效
标题翻译：碰撞避免系统
公开(公告)号：US4486755A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-04
申请号：US351275
申请日：1982-02-22
申请人： Burton L. Hulland , George B. Litchford
发明人： Burton L. Hulland , George B. Litchford
IPC分类号： B64C13/20 , G01S13/78 , G05D1/02 , G08G5/04
CPC分类号： G01S13/781
摘要： A threat warning collision avoidance system at an Own station that produces pseudo range data, identity and, when available, differential altitude data from standard ATCRBS interrogations and Other station's replies, rejecting the identity and data from Other stations that are outside a proximity space surrounding Own station, and producing a threat alert signal and displaying the identity and associated data of any Other station entering said proximity space.
摘要翻译：本站的威胁警告冲突避免系统产生伪距离数据，身份以及标准ATCRBS询问和其他站回复的差分高度数据（如果可用），拒绝来自位于其周围的邻近空间之外的其他站点的身份和数据并产生威胁警报信号并显示进入所述邻近空间的任何其他站的身份和相关数据。

7. 发明授权

US5315436A Fiber optics system 失效
标题翻译：光纤系统
公开(公告)号：US5315436A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-24
申请号：US899825
申请日：1992-06-16
申请人： Herman L. Lowenhar , Burton L. Hulland
发明人： Herman L. Lowenhar , Burton L. Hulland
IPC分类号： G02B5/18 , G02B6/024 , G02B6/28 , G02B6/34 , G02B6/42 , H01S3/10 , H01S3/1055 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/0687 , H01S5/125 , H01S5/14 , H04B10/02 , H04B10/04 , H04B10/06 , H04B10/142 , H04B10/152 , H04B10/28 , H04J14/02
CPC分类号： G02B6/02061 , G02B6/4202 , G02B6/4246 , H01S3/1055 , H01S5/141 , H04J14/02 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/29307 , G02B6/2931 , G02B6/29314 , G02B6/29322 , G02B6/29373 , G02B6/29395 , H01S5/125 , H01S5/146
摘要： Disclosed is apparatus for continuous wideband tuning of lasers, along with means for relating such tuning to a reference wavelength, by maintaining any desired offset from that reference wavelength. Also disclosed are multichannel fiber optics communications networks employing the above means, said networks being self organizing in terms of the wavelengths of their channels.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种用于激光器的连续宽带调谐的装置，以及用于通过保持与参考波长的任何期望的偏移来将这种调谐与参考波长相关联的装置。还公开了采用上述装置的多通道光纤通信网络，所述网络在其信道的波长方面是自组织的。

8. 发明授权

US4191958A Radiolocation with respect to an Own station, using Omega signals or the like 失效
标题翻译：使用Omega信号等对自己的电台进行无线电定位
公开(公告)号：US4191958A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-04
申请号：US892832
申请日：1978-04-03
申请人： Burton L. Hulland , George B. Litchford
发明人： Burton L. Hulland , George B. Litchford
IPC分类号： G01S5/12 , G01S1/30
CPC分类号： G01S5/12
摘要： Radiolocation, with respect to an Own station, of a transmitter-equipped Other station by triggering the transmitter to transmit identification messages in response to timing signals from a reference source such as an Omega transmitter, receiving the messages and the timing signals at the Own station and comparing them to obtain a line of position of the Other station.
摘要翻译：通过触发发射机响应来自诸如欧米茄发射机的参考源的定时信号来发射识别消息，相对于自己的站对无线发射机进行无线电定位，在本站接收消息和定时信号并比较它们以获得另一站的位置线。

9. 发明授权

US5140328A Virtual secondary surveillance radar using signals of remote SSR 失效
标题翻译：使用远程SSR信号的虚拟二次监视雷达
公开(公告)号：US5140328A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-18
申请号：US638083
申请日：1991-01-07
申请人： George B. Litchford , Burton L. Hulland
发明人： George B. Litchford , Burton L. Hulland
IPC分类号： G01S13/78
CPC分类号： G01S13/781
摘要： A virtual secondary surveillance radar (VSSR) of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,115,771 can produce inaccurate or indeterminate range information for a transponder positioned on or near a line between the actual SSR and the VSSR, owing to unfavorable geometrical relationships. This can be avoided by receiving the SSR interrogation and reply signals at two or more separated locations and processing the signals to provide positional information at a display site. No radar transmissions other than those of the existing ATCRBS are required.
摘要翻译：美国专利所述类型的虚拟二次监视雷达（VSSR）由于不利的几何关系，第4,115,771号可能为位于实际SSR和VSSR之间的线路上或附近的转发器产生不准确或不确定的范围信息。这可以通过在两个或更多个分开的位置处接收SSR询问和应答信号来处理，并且处理信号以在显示位置处提供位置信息。不需要现有ATCRBS的雷达传输。

10. 发明授权

US4768036A Collision avoidance system 失效
标题翻译：碰撞避免系统
公开(公告)号：US4768036A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-30
申请号：US117547
申请日：1987-11-06
申请人： George B. Litchford , Burton L. Hulland
发明人： George B. Litchford , Burton L. Hulland
IPC分类号： G01S5/12 , G01S13/78 , G01S13/93 , G01S3/02 , G08G7/02
CPC分类号： G01S13/9303 , G01S13/781 , G01S5/12
摘要： A position-finding collision avoidance system (CAS) at an Own station within the service areas of at least two identified SSRs at known locations derives differential azimuth (A), differential time of arrival (T), identity and altitude data regarding one or more transponder-equipped Other station from standard ATCRBS interrogations and replies. These data are used to compute the positions of Own and Other stations for display at the Own station.
摘要翻译：在已知位置处的至少两个识别的SSR的服务区域内的自身站处的定位碰撞避免系统（CAS）导出差分方位角（A），差分到达时间（T），关于一个或多个发射机装备的其他站从标准ATCRBS询问和答复。这些数据用于计算自己和其他站的位置，以便在自己的站显示。

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