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1. 发明授权

US6112669A Projectiles made from tungsten and iron 失效
标题翻译：用钨和铁制成的弹体
公开(公告)号：US6112669A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-05
申请号：US092301
申请日：1998-06-05
申请人： Brian Mravic , Peter W. Robinson
发明人： Brian Mravic , Peter W. Robinson
IPC分类号： F42B12/74 , C22C1/02 , C22C33/04
CPC分类号： F42B12/74
摘要： A lead-free projectile made from a composition containing about 5-25% by weight tungsten and more than about 97% by weight tungsten plus iron.
摘要翻译：由含有约5-25重量％钨和大于约97重量％钨和铁的组合物制成的无铅射弹。

2. 发明授权

US5950064A Lead-free shot formed by liquid phase bonding 失效
标题翻译：通过液相键合形成的无铅射流
公开(公告)号：US5950064A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-07
申请号：US785453
申请日：1997-01-17
申请人： Peter W. Robinson , Brian Mravic , Derek E. Tyler
发明人： Peter W. Robinson , Brian Mravic , Derek E. Tyler
IPC分类号： B22F1/00 , F42B7/04 , F42B12/74 , B22F3/12
CPC分类号： B22F1/0003 , F42B12/74 , F42B7/046 , B22F2998/10
摘要： There is provided a lead-free projectile, such as a bullet or a ballistic shot, formed by liquid phase sintering or liquid phase bonding of a first particulate having a density greater than lead, a second, ductile, particulate having a melting temperature in excess of 400.degree. C. and a binder having a fluidity temperature that is less than the melting temperature of the second particulate. Unlike solid phase sintering that tends to produce articles having a porosity of about 20%, by volume, liquid phase sintering and liquid phase bonding achieve close to 0% porosity. Reducing the porosity level decreases the amount of high density, first particulate, required to achieve a density close to that of lead. Since the high density particulate tends to be the most expensive component of the projectile, this significantly reduces the cost of the projectile. The reduced porosity also allows for an increase in the amount of the second, ductile, component. Increased ductility generates a projectile with a reduced likelihood of fragmentation on being fired from a weapon and with better deformation on impact with a target. One suitable composition for the projectile is ferrotungten-iron-zinc.
摘要翻译：提供了一种无铅弹丸，例如子弹或弹道射击，其通过液相烧结或液相键合形成，该第一颗粒的密度大于铅，第二，延性，颗粒的熔点超过的粘合剂和流动性温度小于第二颗粒的熔融温度的粘合剂。与容易产生孔隙率为约20％（体积）的制品的固相烧结不同，液相烧结和液相粘合实现接近0％的孔隙率。减少孔隙度降低了达到密度接近于铅的密度所需的高密度，第一颗粒的量。由于高密度颗粒物往往是弹丸中最昂贵的成分，所以这显着降低了射弹的成本。减小的孔隙率还允许第二，延性部件的量的增加。增加的延性产生抛射物，从武器射出的碎片的可能性降低，并且与目标的冲击有更好的变形。用于射弹的一种合适的组合物是铁铁 - 铁 - 锌。

3. 发明授权

US4202688A High conductivity high temperature copper alloy 失效
标题翻译：高导电高温铜合金
公开(公告)号：US4202688A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-13
申请号：US34403
申请日：1979-04-30
申请人： Jacob Crane , Eugene Shapiro , Stanley Shapiro , Brian Mravic
发明人： Jacob Crane , Eugene Shapiro , Stanley Shapiro , Brian Mravic
IPC分类号： C22C9/00 , C22F1/08
CPC分类号： C22C9/00
摘要： A high conductivity high temperature copper alloy containing mischmetal, phosphorus and magnesium with specific ratios among them. The alloy is free from internal copper oxides and may be annealed at elevated temperatures in hydrogen atmospheres without embrittlement. Strengths on the order of 80 KSI and conductivities on the order of 90% IACS are obtainable in cold worked material.
摘要翻译：一种高导电率的高温铜合金，其中含有特定比例的混合金，磷和镁。该合金不含内部铜氧化物，并且可以在氢气氛中的高温下进行退火而没有脆化。大约80 KSI的优点和大约90％IACS的电导率可以在冷加工材料中获得。

4. 发明授权

US4116686A Copper base alloys possessing improved processability 失效
标题翻译：铜基合金具有改善的加工性能
公开(公告)号：US4116686A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-26
申请号：US827495
申请日：1977-08-25
申请人： Brian Mravic , Stanley Shapiro , Derek E. Tyler , Abid Khan
发明人： Brian Mravic , Stanley Shapiro , Derek E. Tyler , Abid Khan
IPC分类号： C22C9/02 , C22D1/08
CPC分类号： C22C9/02
摘要： A copper base alloy is disclosed which exhibits improved resistance to crack propagation during hot processing as well as good mechanical properties. The alloy comprises from about 4.0 to about 11.0% tin, from about 0.01 to about 0.3% phosphorus, from about 1.0 to about 5.0% of a material selected from the group consisting of iron and a mixture of iron and cobalt, up to about 0.4% chromium, balance essentially copper. The alloy of the present invention possesses a substantially non-dendritic grain structure in the cast condition which contributes to said resistance to crack propagation.
摘要翻译：公开了一种铜基合金，其显示出在热加工期间抗裂纹扩展性能以及良好的机械性能。该合金包括约4.0至约11.0％的锡，约0.01至约0.3％的磷，约1.0至约5.0％的选自铁和铁和钴的混合物的材料，至多约0.4 ％铬，平衡基本上是铜。本发明的合金在铸造条件下具有基本上非树枝状的晶粒结构，这有助于所述的抗裂纹扩展。

5. 发明授权

US06083840A Slurry compositions and method for the chemical-mechanical polishing of copper and copper alloys 有权
标题翻译：铜和铜合金化学机械抛光的浆料组成和方法
公开(公告)号：US06083840A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-04
申请号：US200518
申请日：1998-11-25
申请人： Brian Mravic, deceased , Anthony Mark Pasqualoni , Deepak Mahulikar
发明人： Brian Mravic, deceased , Anthony Mark Pasqualoni , Deepak Mahulikar
IPC分类号： C09G1/02 , C09K3/14 , H01L21/321 , H01L21/00
CPC分类号： C09K3/1463 , C09G1/02 , C09K3/1436 , H01L21/3212
摘要： The present invention relates to an improved chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) method for polishing a copper coated wafer containing a copper adhesion-promoting layer and a silicon-based layer. The method polishes copper layers with high removal rates, low defect densities and reduced amounts of dishing and erosion. The method involves a two step process. The first step is to utilize a bulk copper removal slurry that rapidly removes the majority the copper on the substrate. The second step utilizes a 1:1:1 selectivity copper/tantalum/silicon dioxide (Cu/Ta/SiO.sub.2) slurry that has approximately the same polishing rates for the copper layer, the adhesion-promoting layer and the silicon-based substrate. The second slurry reduces the amount of dishing and erosion that occurs in the copper trenches and dense copper arrays.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于抛光含铜粘合促进层和硅基层的铜涂层晶片的改进的化学机械抛光（CMP）方法。该方法以高去除率，低缺陷密度和减少的凹陷和侵蚀量抛光铜层。该方法涉及两步法。第一步是使用快速去除基底上大部分铜的大量铜去除浆液。第二步采用对铜层，粘合促进层和硅基底板具有大致相同抛光速率的1：1：1选择性铜/钽/二氧化硅（Cu / Ta / SiO2）浆料。第二种浆料减少了在铜沟槽和致密铜阵列中发生的凹陷和腐蚀的量。

6. 发明授权

US5894644A Lead-free projectiles made by liquid metal infiltration 失效
标题翻译：无铅射弹由液态金属渗透制成
公开(公告)号：US5894644A
公开(公告)日：1999-04-20
申请号：US92611
申请日：1998-06-05
申请人： Brian Mravic
发明人： Brian Mravic
IPC分类号： B22F3/26 , F42B7/04 , F42B12/74 , B21K21/06 , F42B10/00
CPC分类号： B22F3/26 , F42B12/74 , F42B7/046
摘要： A process for making lead-free projectiles such as bullets using liquid metal infiltration to make a projectile having a density similar to lead.
摘要翻译：使用液态金属渗透法制造无铅弹丸如子弹的方法，使具有与铅密度相似的射弹。

7. 发明授权

US4405386A Process and apparatus for improving cold rollability and/or strip annealability of metals and metal alloys 失效
标题翻译：用于改善金属和金属合金的冷轧性和/或带钢退火性的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4405386A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-20
申请号：US365726
申请日：1982-04-05
申请人： Brian Mravic , Eugene Shapiro
发明人： Brian Mravic , Eugene Shapiro
IPC分类号： B21B1/28 , B21B1/38 , B21B3/00 , B21B15/00 , B21B45/00 , B21B45/02 , C21D8/02 , C22F1/08 , C22F1/04
CPC分类号： C21D8/0294 , B21B45/004 , C22F1/08 , B21B1/28 , B21B2001/383 , B21B2003/005 , B21B2015/0071 , B21B2045/006 , B21B45/008 , B21B45/0209 , C21D8/0236 , C21D8/0268 , Y02P70/127
摘要： Selective heating of edge and near-edge portions of a strip material is used to increase the ductility of the strip material at these portions and to improve the cold rollability and/or strip annealability of the strip material. The selective heating may be performed either by radiant heating or by induction heating.
摘要翻译：使用条带材料的边缘和近边缘部分的选择性加热来增加条带材料在这些部分的延展性并改善条带材料的冷轧性和/或条带退火性。选择性加热可以通过辐射加热或通过感应加热来进行。

8. 发明授权

US4007039A Copper base alloys with high strength and high electrical conductivity 失效
标题翻译：具有高强度和高导电性的铜基合金
公开(公告)号：US4007039A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-08
申请号：US559307
申请日：1975-03-17
申请人： Stanley Shapiro , Eugene Shapiro , Brian Mravic , W. Gary Watson
发明人： Stanley Shapiro , Eugene Shapiro , Brian Mravic , W. Gary Watson
IPC分类号： C22C9/00
CPC分类号： C22C9/00
摘要： New and improved copper base alloys, characterized by a combination of high electrical conductivity and excellent strength properties, consisting essentially of 0.8 - 5% by weight of titanium, a portion of which may be a like element such as zirconium or hafnium or both, 1.2 - 5% by weight of antimony, part of which may be replaced by one or more of the elements arsenic, phosphorus, silicon, germanium and tin, with the atomic ratio of the total titanium, and like elements, to antimony, and like elements, being 5:3 or somewhat less, and the balance essentially copper. The desired properties are attained by the proper application of mechanical processing steps and thermal treatments.
摘要翻译：新的和改进的铜基合金，其特征在于高导电性和优异的强度性质的组合，基本上由0.8-5重量％的钛组成，其一部分可以是类似元素如锆或铪或两者，1.2 - 5重量％的锑，其中的一部分可以由砷，磷，硅，锗和锡中的一种或多种元素替代，其中总钛和类似元素的原子比与锑等元素，为5：3或略少，余量基本上为铜。所需的性能通过适当地应用机械加工步骤和热处理来实现。

9. 发明授权

US6158351A Ferromagnetic bullet 失效
标题翻译：铁磁弹
公开(公告)号：US6158351A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-12
申请号：US681138
申请日：1996-07-22
申请人： Brian Mravic , Henry J. Halverson , Deepak Mahulikar
发明人： Brian Mravic , Henry J. Halverson , Deepak Mahulikar
IPC分类号： B22F1/00 , F42B12/74 , F42B1/00 , F42B8/14
CPC分类号： F42B12/745 , B22F1/0003 , F42B12/74
摘要： A lead free ferromagnetic article is disclosed. The article is a compacted composite having a heavy more dense constituent that is preferably ferrotungsten and a less dense second constituent that is either a metal alloy or a polymer. The ferromagnetic constituent is present in an amount sufficient to impart the article with ferromagnetism. The ferromagnetic property allows fragments of the article, such as a projectile, bullet or shaped charge liner to be separated from dirt or other environments.
摘要翻译：公开了一种无铅铁磁制品。该制品是具有重的更致密的组分的压实复合材料，其优选是铁钨和不太致密的第二组分，其是金属合金或聚合物。铁磁组分以足以赋予制品铁磁性的量存在。铁磁性能允许制品的碎片，例如抛射物，子弹或成形的电荷衬垫与污垢或其它环境分离。

10. 发明授权

US5814759A Lead-free shot 失效
标题翻译：无铅射击
公开(公告)号：US5814759A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-29
申请号：US794286
申请日：1997-02-03
申请人： Brian Mravic , Deepak Mahulikar , Gerald Noel Violette , Eugene Shapiro , Henry J. Halverson
发明人： Brian Mravic , Deepak Mahulikar , Gerald Noel Violette , Eugene Shapiro , Henry J. Halverson
IPC分类号： F42B7/00 , B22F1/00 , C22C1/05 , C22C27/04 , C22C29/08 , C22C32/00 , C22C38/00 , C22C38/12 , F42B7/04 , F42B12/72 , F42B12/74 , F42B30/02 , C22C33/02
CPC分类号： F42B7/046 , B22F1/0003 , C22C32/0094 , F42B12/74 , F42B12/745
摘要： A composite lead-free bullet is disclosed comprising a heavy constituents selected from the group of tungsten, tungsten carbide, carballoy, and ferro-tungsten and a second binder constituent consisting of either a metal alloy or a plastic blend.
摘要翻译：公开了一种复合无铅子弹，其包括选自钨，碳化钨，碳合金和铁 - 钨的重质组分和由金属合金或塑性共混物组成的第二粘合剂成分。

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