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    • 1. 发明申请
    • PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ATORVASTATIN AND INTERMEDIATES
    • 制备ATORVASTATIN和中间体的方法
    • US20060194867A1
    • 2006-08-31
    • US11099624
    • 2005-04-06
    • Fan WangDaqing CheBhaskar GuntooriYajun ZhaoAaron KinsmanJody FaughtAlan Chow
    • Fan WangDaqing CheBhaskar GuntooriYajun ZhaoAaron KinsmanJody FaughtAlan Chow
    • A61K31/401C07D207/34
    • C07D207/34
    • A process is provided for preparing (R)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-heptanoic acid, R-substituted ester 9 comprising: (a) reacting the aldehyde 1 with the enolate form of (S)-2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethyl acetate substituent in a chelating co-solvent; (b) hydrolysis of (R,S)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-pentanoic acid, (S)-2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethyl ester (2a and 2b) using a base, preferably an alkali metal base, preferably in a solvent to form the carboxylic acid 7; (c) treating the acid 7 with a chiral base to form a salt and purifying the salt to obtain enantiomerically enriched (R)-7 chiral base salt; (d) alkylation of the (R)-7 chiral base salt or the free base derived from (R)-7, forming (R)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-heptanoic acid, R-substituted ester 9 and atorvastatin calcium 6, wherein R is a C1 to C6 alkyl, C6 to C9 aryl or C7 to C10 aralkyl.
    • 提供了制备(R)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基] -5-羟基-3-氧代-1-庚酸,R-取代的酯9,其包含:(a)使醛1与烯醇化形式的(S)-2-羟基-1,2,2-三苯基乙基乙酸酯取代基 在螯合助溶剂中; (b)(R,S)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基 ] -3-羟基-1-戊酸,(S)-2-羟基-1,2,2-三苯基乙酯(2a和2b),使用碱,优选碱金属碱,优选在溶剂中形成羧酸 酸7; (c)用手性碱处理酸7以形成盐并纯化该盐以获得对映体富集的(R)-7手性碱盐; (d)(R)-7手性碱盐或衍生自(R)-7的游离碱的烷基化,形成(R)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基) 3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基] -5-羟基-3-氧代-1-庚酸,R-取代的酯9和阿托伐他汀钙6,其中R是C1 C6烷基,C6〜C9芳基或C7〜C10芳烷基。
    • 2. 发明申请
    • Treatment of degenerative retinal disease via electrical stimulation of surface structures
    • 通过电刺激表面结构治疗退行性视网膜疾病
    • US20050004625A1
    • 2005-01-06
    • US10863519
    • 2004-06-09
    • Alan Chow
    • Alan Chow
    • A61F9/00A61N1/05A61N1/32A61N1/36A61N1/18
    • A61N1/0543A61F9/0017A61N1/326A61N1/36046
    • To provide indirect electrical stimulation for treatment of degenerative retinal diseases, such stimulation is applied to surface structures of the eye. A source of an electrical stimulation signal is coupled to a first electrode configured for contact with a first internal surface structure of an eyeball. A second electrode, which may be configured either for contact with an internal surface structure or an external surface structure of the eyeball, is also coupled to the source. The source of the electrical stimulation signal may be implemented internal to a body of a patient, external to the body or through a combined internal/external approach. The first and second electrodes are preferably arranged such that the circuit created by the source, electrodes and intervening biological tissue provides trans-retinal electrical stimulation to thereby effect treatment.
    • 为了提供间接电刺激治疗退行性视网膜疾病,这种刺激被应用于眼睛的表面结构。 电刺激信号的源耦合到构造成与眼球的第一内表面结构接触的第一电极。 可以被配置为与眼球的内表面结构或外表面结构接触的第二电极也耦合到源。 电刺激信号的源可以在身体外部或通过组合的内部/外部方法在患者的身体内部实现。 第一和第二电极优选地布置成使得由源,电极和中间生物组织产生的电路提供视网膜电刺激,从而进行治疗。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Process for the preparation of atorvastatin and intermediates
    • 制备阿托伐他汀和中间体的方法
    • US07429613B2
    • 2008-09-30
    • US11487500
    • 2006-07-17
    • Fan WangDaqing CheBhaskar Reddy GuntooriYajun ZhaoAaron C. KinsmanJody FaughtAlan Chow
    • Fan WangDaqing CheBhaskar Reddy GuntooriYajun ZhaoAaron C. KinsmanJody FaughtAlan Chow
    • A61K31/4025C07D207/327
    • C07D207/34
    • A process is provided for preparing (R)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-heptanoic acid, R-substituted ester 9 comprising: (a) reacting the aldehyde 1 with the enolate form of (S)-2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethyl acetate substituent in a chelating co-solvent; (b) hydrolysis of (R,S)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-pentanoic acid, (S)-2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethyl ester (2a and 2b) using a base, preferably an alkali metal base, preferably in a solvent to form the carboxylic acid 7; (c) treating the acid 7 with a chiral base to form a salt and purifying the salt to obtain enantiomerically enriched (R)-7 chiral base salt; (d) alkylation of the (R)-7 chiral base salt or the free base derived from (R)-7, forming (R)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-heptanoic acid, R-substituted ester 9 and atorvastatin calcium 6, wherein R is a C1 to C6 alkyl, C6 to C9 aryl or C7 to C10 aralkyl.
    • 提供了制备(R)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基] -5-羟基-3-氧代-1-庚酸,R-取代的酯9,其包含:(a)使醛1与烯醇化形式的(S)-2-羟基-1,2,2-三苯基乙基乙酸酯取代基 在螯合助溶剂中; (b)(R,S)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基 ] -3-羟基-1-戊酸,(S)-2-羟基-1,2,2-三苯基乙酯(2a和2b),使用碱,优选碱金属碱,优选在溶剂中形成羧酸 酸7; (c)用手性碱处理酸7以形成盐并纯化该盐以获得对映体富集的(R)-7手性碱盐; (d)(R)-7手性碱盐或衍生自(R)-7的游离碱的烷基化,形成(R)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基) 3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基] -5-羟基-3-氧代-1-庚酸,R-取代的酯9和阿托伐他汀钙6,其中R是C1 C6烷基,C6〜C9芳基或C7〜C10芳烷基。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Controller and control method for injection using function map
    • 使用功能图进行注射的控制器和控制方法
    • US06907338B2
    • 2005-06-14
    • US10388248
    • 2003-03-13
    • Jason Paul FranklAlan ChowVidya Shankar SomasundaramEdward Thomas Williams
    • Jason Paul FranklAlan ChowVidya Shankar SomasundaramEdward Thomas Williams
    • F02D41/24F02D41/30
    • F02D41/2422F02D41/2416F02D41/30
    • A method of controlling an injector or the like suitable for use in an internal combustion engine, includes providing a first data map having a plurality of first data map points, each of the first data map points representing a first data map output value, and providing a function map comprising a second data map having a plurality of second data map points, each corresponding to a respective one of the first data map points, and wherein the second data map is divided into at least a first-type data map region containing second data map points representing second data map output values only of a first type and a second-type data map region containing second data map points representing second data map output values only of a second type, wherein a portion of the second data map defines a hysteresis region. The method also includes determining an operating point on an operating path within the second data map in dependence upon first and second engine operating parameters and determining a control function for the injector based on a first data map output value determined from the first data map and the second data map output value determined from the second data map, in dependence upon whether the operating point in the second data map lies in a part of the first-type data map region which is outside the hysteresis region, or whether the operating point in the second data map lies in a part of the first-type data map region which is within the hysteresis region.
    • 一种控制适用于内燃机的喷射器等的方法,包括提供具有多个第一数据映射点的第一数据图,每个第一数据图点表示第一数据图输出值,并提供 功能图,包括具有多个第二数据映射点的第二数据图,每个第二数据映射点对应于第一数据映射点中的相应一个,并且其中第二数据映射被划分为至少第一类型数据映射区域,其包含第二数据映射点 数据映射点表示仅第一类型和第二类型数据映射区域的第二数据映射输出值,该第二数据映射区域包含仅表示第二类型的第二数据映射输出值的第二数据映射点,其中第二数据映射的一部分定义了滞后 地区。 该方法还包括根据第一和第二发动机操作参数来确定第二数据图中的操作路径上的操作点,并且基于从第一数据图和第一数据图确定的第一数据图输出值确定喷射器的控制功能 第二数据图输出值根据第二数据图中的工作点是否位于滞后区域外的第一类型数据图区域的一部分,或者是否位于第二数据图中的工作点 第二数据图位于滞后区域内的第一类型数据图区域的一部分。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Process for the preparation of atorvastatin and intermediates
    • 制备阿托伐他汀和中间体的方法
    • US07812179B2
    • 2010-10-12
    • US12222690
    • 2008-08-14
    • Fan WangDaqing CheBhaskar Reddy GuntooriYajun ZhaoAaron C. KinsmanJody FaughtAlan Chow
    • Fan WangDaqing CheBhaskar Reddy GuntooriYajun ZhaoAaron C. KinsmanJody FaughtAlan Chow
    • C07D207/333
    • C07D207/34
    • A process is provided for preparing (R)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-heptanoic acid, R-substituted ester 9 comprising: (a) reacting the aldehyde 1 with the enolate form of (S)-2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethyl acetate substituent in a chelating co-solvent; (b) hydrolysis of (R,S)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-pentanoic acid, (S)-2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethyl ester (2a and 2b) using a base, preferably an alkali metal base, preferably in a solvent to form the carboxylic acid 7; (c) treating the acid 7 with a chiral base to form a salt and purifying the salt to obtain enantiomerically enriched (R)-7 chiral base salt; (d) alkylation of the (R)-7 chiral base salt or the free base derived from (R)-7, forming (R)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-heptanoic acid, R-substituted ester 9 and atorvastatin calcium 6, wherein R is a C1 to C6 alkyl, C6 to C9 aryl or C7 to C10 aralkyl.
    • 提供了制备(R)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基] -5-羟基-3-氧代-1-庚酸,R-取代的酯9,其包含:(a)使醛1与烯醇化形式的(S)-2-羟基-1,2,2-三苯基乙基乙酸酯取代基 在螯合助溶剂中; (b)(R,S)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基 ] -3-羟基-1-戊酸,(S)-2-羟基-1,2,2-三苯基乙酯(2a和2b),使用碱,优选碱金属碱,优选在溶剂中形成羧酸 酸7; (c)用手性碱处理酸7以形成盐并纯化该盐以获得对映体富集的(R)-7手性碱盐; (d)(R)-7手性碱盐或衍生自(R)-7的游离碱的烷基化,形成(R)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基) 3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基] -5-羟基-3-氧代-1-庚酸,R-取代的酯9和阿托伐他汀钙6,其中R是C1 C6烷基,C6〜C9芳基或C7〜C10芳烷基。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Process for the preparation of Atorvastatin and intermediates
    • 阿托伐他汀和中间体的制备方法
    • US07112604B2
    • 2006-09-26
    • US11099624
    • 2005-04-06
    • Fan WangDaqing CheBhaskar Reddy GuntooriYajun ZhaoAaron C. KinsmanJody FaughtAlan Chow
    • Fan WangDaqing CheBhaskar Reddy GuntooriYajun ZhaoAaron C. KinsmanJody FaughtAlan Chow
    • A61K31/4025C07D207/327
    • C07D207/34
    • A process is provided for preparing (R)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-heptanoic acid, R-substituted ester 9 comprising: (a) reacting the aldehyde 1 with the enolate form of (S)-2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethyl acetate substituent in a chelating co-solvent; (b) hydrolysis of (R,S)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-pentanoic acid, (S)-2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethyl ester (2a and 2b) using a base, preferably an alkali metal base, preferably in a solvent to form the carboxylic acid 7; (c) treating the acid 7 with a chiral base to form a salt and purifying the salt to obtain enantiomerically enriched (R)-7 chiral base salt; (d) alkylation of the (R)-7 chiral base salt or the free base derived from (R)-7, forming (R)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-heptanoic acid, R-substituted ester 9 and atorvastatin calcium 6, wherein R is a C1 to C6 alkyl, C6 to C9 aryl or C7 to C10 aralkyl.
    • 提供了制备(R)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基] -5-羟基-3-氧代-1-庚酸,R-取代的酯9,其包含:(a)使醛1与烯醇化形式的(S)-2-羟基-1,2,2-三苯基乙基乙酸酯取代基 在螯合助溶剂中; (b)(R,S)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基 ] -3-羟基-1-戊酸,(S)-2-羟基-1,2,2-三苯基乙酯(2a和2b),使用碱,优选碱金属碱,优选在溶剂中形成羧酸 酸7; (c)用手性碱处理酸7以形成盐并纯化该盐,得到对映体富集的(R)-7手性碱盐; (d)(R)-7手性碱盐或衍生自(R)-7的游离碱的烷基化,形成(R)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基) 3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基] -5-羟基-3-氧代-1-庚酸,R-取代的酯9和阿托伐他汀钙6,其中R是C1 C6烷基,C6〜C9芳基或C7〜C10芳烷基。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • Process for the preparation of atorvastatin and intermediates
    • 制备阿托伐他汀和中间体的方法
    • US20090131683A1
    • 2009-05-21
    • US12222690
    • 2008-08-14
    • Fan WangDaqing CheBhaskar Reddy GuntooriYajun ZhaoAaron C. KinsmanJody FaughtAlan Chow
    • Fan WangDaqing CheBhaskar Reddy GuntooriYajun ZhaoAaron C. KinsmanJody FaughtAlan Chow
    • C07D207/333
    • C07D207/34
    • A process is provided for preparing (R)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-heptanoic acid, R-substituted ester 9 comprising: (a) reacting the aldehyde 1 with the enolate form of (S)-2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethyl acetate substituent in a chelating co-solvent; (b) hydrolysis of (R,S)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-pentanoic acid, (S)-2-hydroxy-1,2,2-triphenylethyl ester (2a and 2b) using a base, preferably an alkali metal base, preferably in a solvent to form the carboxylic acid 7; (c) treating the acid 7 with a chiral base to form a salt and purifying the salt to obtain enantiomerically enriched (R)-7 chiral base salt; (d) alkylation of the (R)-7 chiral base salt or the free base derived from (R)-7, forming (R)-5-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl)-3-phenyl-4-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrrol-1-yl]-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-heptanoic acid, R-substituted ester 9 and atorvastatin calcium 6, wherein R is a C1 to C6 alkyl, C6 to C9 aryl or C7 to C10 aralkyl.
    • 提供了制备(R)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基] -5-羟基-3-氧代-1-庚酸,R-取代的酯9,其包含:(a)使醛1与烯醇化形式的(S)-2-羟基-1,2,2-三苯基乙基乙酸酯取代基 在螯合助溶剂中; (b)(R,S)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基)-3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基 ] -3-羟基-1-戊酸,(S)-2-羟基-1,2,2-三苯基乙酯(2a和2b),使用碱,优选碱金属碱,优选在溶剂中形成羧酸 酸7; (c)用手性碱处理酸7以形成盐并纯化该盐以获得对映体富集的(R)-7手性碱盐; (d)(R)-7手性碱盐或衍生自(R)-7的游离碱的烷基化,形成(R)-5- [2-(4-氟苯基)-5-(1-甲基乙基) - 3-苯基-4 - [(苯基氨基)羰基] -1H-吡咯-1-基] -5-羟基-3-氧代-1-庚酸,R-取代的酯9和阿托伐他汀钙6,其中R是C1 C6烷基,C6〜C9芳基或C7〜C10芳烷基。