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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Stereospecific reduction of sapogen-3-ones
    • 皂角苷3-酮的立体特异性还原
    • US07718792B2
    • 2010-05-18
    • US10531086
    • 2003-04-28
    • Philip James GunningPeter David Tiffin
    • Philip James GunningPeter David Tiffin
    • C07J71/00
    • C07J71/0005
    • A method to stereospecifically prepare a steroidal sapogenin or a derivative thereof by reducing a 3-keto,5β-H steroidal sapogenin with a hindered organoborane or an organo-aluminium hydride. A 3β-hydroxy,5β-H steroidal sapogenin or derivative thereof may be prepared by reducing the 3-keto,5β-H steroidal sapogenin using as reducing agent a relatively highly hindered organoborane reagent or by SN 2 inversion of a 3α-hydroxy,5β-H steroidal sapogenin or derivative thereof. The organo-aluminium hydride may be used to prepare a 3α,5β-H steroidal sapogenin or derivative thereof. The invention provides a convenient route to useful steroidal sapogenins such as sarsasapogenin, episarsasapogenin, smilagenin, epismilagenin and esters thereof, from readily available or easily preparable starting materials (e.g. diosgenone, preparable from diosgenin).
    • 通过用受阻有机硼烷或有机氢化铝还原3-酮基,5& H类甾醇皂苷元,立体选择性地制备甾体皂苷元或其衍生物的方法。 可以通过使用相对高度受阻的有机硼烷试剂作为还原剂还原3-keto,5&bgr -H的甾体皂苷元或通过3α-半胱氨酸, 羟基,5& H类固醇皂苷元或其衍生物。 有机铝氢化物可用于制备3α,5α,b类-H-甾体皂苷元或其衍生物。 本发明提供了从易得的或易于制备的起始物质(例如,由薯os皂苷配制的脱水梭子),可用于甾体皂苷元的方便途径,例如萨洒皂草配基,季节调节素,镰刀菌素,epismilagenin及其酯。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Wireless LAN control over a wired network
    • 通过有线网络进行无线局域网控制
    • US07697549B2
    • 2010-04-13
    • US10764963
    • 2004-01-26
    • Shpak Eran
    • Shpak Eran
    • H04L12/28H04W4/00
    • H04W52/08H04J13/0048H04W48/20H04W52/40H04W84/12H04W88/08H04W92/045H04W92/20Y10S370/913
    • Apparatus for mobile communication includes a switch and a plurality of access points, which are arranged in a wireless local area network (WLAN) to communicate over the air on a common frequency channel with a mobile station using a common basic service set identification (BSSID) for all the access points. The access points are coupled by a LAN to the switch so that upon receiving at one or more of the access points an uplink signal transmitted over the WLAN by the mobile station on the common frequency channel, the one or more of the access points convey messages responsively to the uplink signal over the LAN to the switch. A manager node is coupled to the switch so as to receive the messages and is adapted to process the messages so as to select one of the access points to respond to the uplink signal.
    • 用于移动通信的设备包括交换机和多个接入点,其被布置在无线局域网(WLAN)中,以使用公共基本服务集标识(BSSID)与移动站在公共频率信道上通过空中通信, 为所有接入点。 接入点由LAN耦合到交换机,使得当在一个或多个接入点上接收到移动台在公共频率信道上通过WLAN发送的上行链路信号时,一个或多个接入点传送消息 响应于通过LAN的​​上行链路信号到交换机。 管理节点耦合到交换机以便接收消息,并且适于处理消息,以便选择接入点中的一个来响应上行链路信号。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Polishing apparatus, polishing head and polishing method
    • 抛光装置,抛光头和抛光方法
    • US07654883B2
    • 2010-02-02
    • US12371320
    • 2009-02-13
    • Masamitsu KitahashiToshiyuki KameiHidetoshi TakedaHiroyuki TokunagaTamoaki Tajiri
    • Masamitsu KitahashiToshiyuki KameiHidetoshi TakedaHiroyuki TokunagaTamoaki Tajiri
    • B24B1/00
    • B24B37/30
    • A polishing apparatus comprises a polishing plate (24), an abrasive cloth (25) attached to the surface of the polishing plate (24), a chuck (19) for holding and pressing one surface of a wafer (39) against the abrasive cloth (25), and a circular retaining ring (23) concentrically arranged on the periphery of the chuck (19). The retaining ring (23) is rotatable and vertically movable with respect to the chuck (19), and is pressed against the abrasive cloth (25) during the lapping step. The retaining ring (23) is lifted upward during the final polishing step, thereby preventing lapping grains from being brought into the final polishing stage. Accordingly, lapping and final polishing can be successively conducted using the same polishing head. With this structure, cost cutting of the apparatus can be realized, since lapping and final polishing are successively conducted using the same polishing head without bringing the lapping grains used for lapping into the final polishing stage.
    • 抛光装置包括抛光板(24),附着在抛光板(24)的表面上的研磨布(25),用于将晶片(39)的一个表面保持并压靠在研磨布上的卡盘(19) (25)和同心地布置在卡盘(19)的周边上的圆形保持环(23)。 保持环(23)可相对于卡盘(19)旋转并且可垂直移动,并且在研磨步骤期间被压靠在研磨布(25)上。 在最后的抛光步骤期间,保持环(23)被向上提升,从而防止研磨颗粒进入最终抛光阶段。 因此,可以使用相同的抛光头连续进行研磨和最终抛光。 利用这种结构,可以实现装置的成本削减,因为使用相同的抛光头连续进行研磨和最终抛光,而不将用于研磨的研磨颗粒带入最后的抛光阶段。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Plant sheet and manufacturing method for plant sheet
    • 植物板材及其制造方法
    • US07650715B2
    • 2010-01-26
    • US11975812
    • 2007-10-22
    • Tomoko Fujita
    • Tomoko Fujita
    • A01G17/00
    • A01C1/044A01G13/0268A01G20/20Y10T428/25
    • A light-weight plant sheet including plant pieces between a base sheet and a top sheet is able to make growth by tearing the base sheet and top sheet, each having a mesh structure. The top sheet contains a paste to adhere the top sheet to the base sheet and to hold the plant pieces, and such a paste comes out of the fibers of the sheet when wet during the manufacturing process. When the plant sheet is placed on the desired surface, the plant pieces can grow using water and nutrition provided from the surface of the construction site and absorbed by the top sheet and the base sheet.
    • 包括基片和顶片之间的植物片的轻量植物片材能够通过撕裂具有网状结构的基片和顶片来生长。 顶片含有将顶片粘附到基片上并固定植物片的糊料,并且在制造过程中湿润时,这种糊料从片材的纤维中脱出。 当将植物片材放置在所需的表面上时,植物片可以使用水和从施工现场表面提供的营养物进行生长,并被顶片和基片吸收。