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1. 发明授权

US5745434A Acoustic absorption or damping material with integral viscous damping 失效
标题翻译：声吸收或阻尼材料具有积分粘滞阻尼
公开(公告)号：US5745434A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-28
申请号：US780271
申请日：1997-01-09
申请人： William B. Cushman
发明人： William B. Cushman
IPC分类号： G10K11/165 , G10K11/16
CPC分类号： G10K11/165
摘要： Acoustic absorption or vibration damping materials are produced by mixing at least two species of particles into a restricted amount of matrix material in order to produce an acoustic absorption or vibration damping material with tortuous passageways throughout the material. The tortuous passageways of the instant invention serve to: a) reduce acoustic reflectivity at the surface, b) provide channels within which the interfacing medium such as air can interact viscously, c) increase the surface area between interfacing media and, d) improve structural stiffness by adding thickness without adding weight. Particle species within the matrix material are differentiated by their acoustic impedances. A particle species of particular interest is crumb tire rubber from used tires. This material is inexpensive and its use in this application has the societal advantage of making productive use of a material that is currently polluting the environment.
摘要翻译：通过将至少两种颗粒混合到限定量的基质材料中来产生声吸收或减振材料，以便在整个材料中产生具有曲折通道的声吸收或减震材料。本发明的弯曲通道用于：a）降低表面处的声反射率，b）提供通道，其中诸如空气之类的界面介质可以粘合地相互作用，c）增加界面介质之间的表面积，以及d）改善结构刚度通过增加厚度而不增加重量。基质材料中的颗粒物质通过其声阻抗来区分。特别感兴趣的颗粒物质是来自旧轮胎的轮胎橡胶。这种材料是廉价的，并且在本申请中的用途具有生产性地利用目前污染环境的材料的社会优势。

2. 发明授权

US5754491A Multi-technology acoustic energy barrier and absorber 失效
标题翻译：多技术声能屏障和吸声器
公开(公告)号：US5754491A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-19
申请号：US804930
申请日：1997-02-24
申请人： William B. Cushman
发明人： William B. Cushman
IPC分类号： G10K11/165 , G10K11/16
CPC分类号： G10K11/165
摘要： A multi-technology acoustic energy barrier and absorber is disclosed that employs the teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 5,400,296 for a matrix material with at least two species of particles with differing characteristic acoustic impedances, in combination with the teaching of U.S. patent Pending Ser. No., 08/780,271, for an "Acoustic Absorption or Damping Material with Integral Viscous Damping," and with the principles underlying constrained-layer dampers.
摘要翻译：公开了一种多技术声能屏障和吸收器，其采用了美国专利No. 与具有不同特性声阻抗的至少两种颗粒物质的基质材料结合美国专利Pending Ser。 “08 / 780,271”，用于“具有整体粘性阻尼的吸声或阻尼材料”，以及约束层阻尼器的原理。

3. 发明授权

US5920911A Earcup soft-seal with thinned lips and interleaving layers of damping materials 失效
标题翻译： Earcup软密封，具有变薄的嘴唇和交错阻尼材料层
公开(公告)号：US5920911A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-13
申请号：US972217
申请日：1997-11-17
申请人： William Bradford Cushman
发明人： William Bradford Cushman
IPC分类号： A61F11/14 , H04R1/10 , A42B1/06
CPC分类号： A61F11/14 , H04R1/1058
摘要： A high performance hearing protection or communications earcup and seal is disclosed that takes advantage of the facts that a characteristic acoustic impedance mismatch at a boundary will reflect a large portion of impinging energy rather than absorb it, and the "pumping" action on an elastomeric boundary from cyclic acoustic pressure can be damped by placing damping materials adjacent to that boundary. The preferred embodiment of the hearing protection earcup seal of the instant invention interleaves damping materials between the plurality of concentric ring structures of the instant invention and places thinned edges on individual concentric ring structures to enhance seal conformation with obstacles such as eyeglass temple pieces. An elastomeric semi-annular tensile plate supports the concentric ring structures of the instant invention. Both the earcup and earcup seal of the instant invention are readily manufacturable with conventional tooling.
摘要翻译：公开了一种高性能听力保护或通信耳塞和密封件，其利用以下事实：边界处的特征声阻抗失配将反射大部分冲击能量而不是吸收能量，并且在弹性体边界上进行“抽吸”作用通过将阻尼材料放置在该边界附近，可以通过循环声压来阻尼。本发明的听力保护耳罩密封件的优选实施例交织本发明的多个同心环结构之间的阻尼材料，并且在各个同心环结构上设置变薄的边缘，以增强与诸如眼镜镜片件之类的障碍物的密封构造。弹性体半环形拉伸板支撑本发明的同心环结构。本发明的耳塞和耳罩密封都可以用常规工具容易地制造。

4. 发明授权

US5526324A Acoustic absorption and damping material with piezoelectric energy dissipation 失效
标题翻译：具有压电能量耗散的吸声和阻尼材料
公开(公告)号：US5526324A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-11
申请号：US515580
申请日：1995-08-16
申请人： William B. Cushman
发明人： William B. Cushman
IPC分类号： G10K11/165 , H04K3/00
CPC分类号： G10K11/165
摘要： Acoustic absorption and vibration damping materials are produced by mixing electrically conductive particles or strands into a piezoelectric matrix material. The electrically conductive particles or strands act as small localized electrical short-circuits within the matrix material and effectively dissipate the electric charges produced by piezoelectric effect from the pressure of acoustic or vibrational energy as heat. All energy thus converted into heat is subtracted from the original acoustic or vibrational energy, resulting in acoustic absorption and/or vibration damping.
摘要翻译：通过将导电颗粒或股线混合成压电基体材料来产生声吸收和减振材料。导电颗粒或股线作为基体材料内的小的局部电短路，并且由作为热量的声压或振动能的压力有效地消散由压电效应产生的电荷。从原来的声学或振动能量中减去所有转换成热量的能量，从而产生声学吸收和/或振动阻尼。

5. 发明授权

US5400296A Acoustic attenuation and vibration damping materials 失效
标题翻译：声衰减衰减材料
公开(公告)号：US5400296A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-21
申请号：US186058
申请日：1994-01-25
申请人： William B. Cushman , Gerald B. Thomas
发明人： William B. Cushman , Gerald B. Thomas
IPC分类号： G10K11/16
CPC分类号： G10K11/165
摘要： A means of enhancing the acoustic attenuation and vibration damping of a material by embedding high characteristic acoustic impedance particles, low characteristic acoustic impedance particles, or both high and low characteristic acoustic impedance particles within the matrix of the material is disclosed. The mass of the resultant material may be very low while retaining excellent acoustic attenuation, vibration damping, and structural characteristics. When particles with mismatched characteristic acoustic impedances are embedded within the matrix of a material that can support shearing loads, propagating acoustic energy that encounters the particles of the instant invention is partially reflected in random directions. That is, the propagating energy is diffused. As the propagation vectors and modes of acoustic energy are effectively randomized, the probability of localized energy absorption and damping is increased. We present acoustic attenuation and vibration damping data for some representative examples of the instant invention and other commercially available materials.
摘要翻译：公开了通过在材料的基质内嵌入高特性声阻抗粒子，低特征声阻抗粒子或高和低特征声阻抗粒子来增强材料的声衰减和振动衰减的手段。所得材料的质量可能非常低，同时保持优异的声衰减，减振和结构特性。当具有不匹配的特性声阻抗的颗粒嵌入在可支撑剪切载荷的材料的基质内时，遇到本发明的颗粒的传播声能被部分地反映在随机方向上。也就是说，传播能量被扩散。随着传播矢量和声能的模式被有效地随机化，局部能量吸收和阻尼的概率增加。我们提出了本发明的一些代表性实例和其它市售材料的声衰减和减震数据。

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