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1. 发明申请

US20110071375A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ESTIMATING PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS USING MODEL-BASED ADAPTIVE FILTERING 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用基于模型的自适应滤波估计生理参数的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20110071375A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-24
申请号：US12953262
申请日：2010-11-23
申请人： Clark R. Baker, JR. , Thomas J. Yorkey
发明人： Clark R. Baker, JR. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B5/1455
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/725 , H03H21/003
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the effects of noise on a system for measuring physiological parameters, such as, for example, a pulse oximeter. The method and apparatus of the invention take into account the physical limitations on various physiological parameters being monitored when weighting and averaging a series of measurements. Varying weights are assigned different measurements, measurements are rejected, and the averaging period is adjusted according to the reliability of the measurements. Similarly, calculated values derived from analyzing the measurements are also assigned varying weights and averaged over adjustable periods. More specifically, a general class of filters such as, for example, Kalman filters, is employed in processing the measurements and calculated values. The filters use mathematical models which describe how the physiological parameters change in time, and how these parameters relate to measurement in a noisy environment. The filters adaptively modify a set of averaging weights to optimally estimate the physiological parameters.
摘要翻译：一种用于减少噪声对用于测量生理参数的系统的影响的方法和装置，例如脉搏血氧计。本发明的方法和装置考虑到当加权和平均一系列测量时监测的各种生理参数的物理限制。不同的权重被分配不同的测量，测量被拒绝，平均期间根据测量的可靠性进行调整。类似地，从分析测量得到的计算值也被赋予变化的权重并且在可调周期上平均。更具体地，在处理测量值和计算值时，采用一般的滤波器类，例如卡尔曼滤波器。过滤器使用描述生理参数如何随时间变化的数学模型，以及这些参数如何与嘈杂环境中的测量相关。滤波器自适应地修改一组平均权重以最佳地估计生理参数。

2. 发明授权

US5995856A Non-contact optical monitoring of physiological parameters 失效
标题翻译：非接触光学监测生理参数
公开(公告)号：US5995856A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-30
申请号：US562169
申请日：1995-11-22
申请人： Paul D. Mannheimer , Michael E. Fein
发明人： Paul D. Mannheimer , Michael E. Fein
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/14552 , A61B5/6826 , A61B5/6838
摘要： Apparatus and method for the monitoring of physiological parameters of a patient through the use of optical systems which do not require direct physical contact with the patient. The method and apparatus relate primarily to pulse oximetry for monitoring of pulse rate and arterial blood oxygen saturation. However, the apparatus and method of this invention are applicable to any form of optical detection of the physiological parameters in which light of any wavelength, visible or invisible, is directed from a remote instrument into a patient at a first imaging site, and subsequently collected at a second site spaced from the first site.
摘要翻译：用于通过使用不需要与患者直接物理接触的光学系统来监测患者的生理参数的装置和方法。该方法和装置主要涉及用于监测脉率和动脉血氧饱和度的脉搏血氧饱和度。然而，本发明的装置和方法适用于生理参数的任何形式的光学检测，其中可见或不可见的任何波长的光从远程仪器指向第一成像部位的患者，并随后收集在与第一站点间隔开的第二站点处。

3. 发明授权

US5351685A Condensed oximeter system with noise reduction software 失效
标题翻译：冷凝血氧仪系统采用降噪软件
公开(公告)号：US5351685A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-04
申请号：US740362
申请日：1991-08-05
申请人： Robert S. Potratz
发明人： Robert S. Potratz
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/7207
摘要： A compact pulse oximetry system which separates the combined signal into its respective AC and DC components. By separating the signal into AC and DC components, a smaller order bit A/D converter may be used while still maintaining signal accuracy. Instead of using the combined signal to calculate the oxygen saturation content, the system microprocessor computes the Ratio of Ratios using the derivative of the separated AC component of the diffused signal to calculate the oxygen saturation of the measured fluid. To calculate the Ratio of Ratios, a ratio of the derivative value of the separated AC component is used. Instead of taking a single sample between the peak and valley of the signal, the oximeter system samples each value. To decrease the effect of system noise, a linear regression is performed over each sample.
摘要翻译：一种紧凑型脉搏血氧饱和度测定系统，将组合信号分离成其各自的AC和DC分量。通过将信号分离成AC和DC分量，可以使用较小的订单位A / D转换器，同时仍保持信号精度。代替使用组合信号计算氧饱和度含量，系统微处理器使用扩散信号的分离的AC分量的导数计算比率比，以计算测量流体的氧饱和度。为了计算比率，使用分离的AC分量的导数值的比率。不是在信号的峰谷之间采集单个样本，血氧仪系统会对每个值进行采样。为了降低系统噪声的影响，对每个样本进行线性回归。

4. 发明授权

US5247932A Sensor for intrauterine use 失效
标题翻译：传感器用于内窥镜使用
公开(公告)号：US5247932A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US775315
申请日：1991-10-11
申请人： Christopher Chung , Eric Johansson , Carl Ritson , Paul D. Mannheimer , Helen M. McNamara
发明人： Christopher Chung , Eric Johansson , Carl Ritson , Paul D. Mannheimer , Helen M. McNamara
IPC分类号： A61B5/145 , A61B5/00 , A61B5/1455 , A61B5/1464 , A61B10/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/1464 , A61B5/14542 , A61B5/6853 , A61B5/6885
摘要： A sensor placement and retention mechanism for use with fetal sensor sites beyond the user's reach are disclosed. The preferred embodiment of this invention is a fetal pulse oximetry sensor having an active face through which a light source and a light detector operate. The sensor includes a handle that facilitates placement of the active face at a sensor site in a preferred region beyond the transcervical region and beyond the reach of the user. A pair of electrodes--one disposed against the fetus' skin and one exposed to the amniotic fluid--are used to confirm that the sensor is firmly in place on the fetus. In an optional sensor retention feature, a self-inflating bladder presses the active face of the sensor against the fetus' skin to optically couple the sensor with the tissue at the sensor site.

5. 发明授权

US5246003A Disposable pulse oximeter sensor 失效
标题翻译：可拆式脉冲OXIMETER传感器
公开(公告)号：US5246003A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-21
申请号：US838565
申请日：1992-02-19
申请人： Russell DeLonzor
发明人： Russell DeLonzor
IPC分类号： A61B5/145 , A61B5/00 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/1455 , G01N21/35
CPC分类号： A61B5/14552 , A61B5/02427 , A61B2562/08
摘要： A conformable sensor which uses a flexible substrate, preferably a polyester strip is disclosed. The emitter and detector are mounted on one portion of the strip with conductive traces connecting to them. The second portion of the strip is folded over to cover the emitter and detector and traces, with openings for the emitter and detector. A conductive coating is applied to the strip to provide shielding from electromagnetic interference. Preferably, a second portion of the strip, which folds over the first portion, also has a Faraday shield covering the opening over the detector.

6. 发明授权

US5218962A Multiple region pulse oximetry probe and oximeter 失效
标题翻译：多区域脉搏血氧饱和度探头和血氧计
公开(公告)号：US5218962A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-15
申请号：US685414
申请日：1991-04-15
申请人： Paul D. Mannheimer , D. Christopher Chung , Carl Ritson
发明人： Paul D. Mannheimer , D. Christopher Chung , Carl Ritson
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/1464 , A61B5/14542 , A61B5/6853 , A61B5/6885
摘要： A first light emitting element directs light through a first region of tissue, a second light emitting element directs light through a second region of tissue that is spatially distinct from the first region of tissue, and a photodetector detects light traveling through the first and second regions. First and second oxygen saturation values are calculated from the amount of light detected from the first and second regions of tissue, respectively. A difference calculating unit calculates a difference value which represents how much the first oxygen saturation value differs from the second oxygen saturation value, and a comparator compares the difference value to a threshold value. A threshold indicating signal is provided when the difference value has a selected mathematical relationship (e.g., less than or equal) to the threshold value.
摘要翻译：第一发光元件引导光通过组织的第一区域，第二发光元件引导光通过与组织的第一区域在空间上不同的组织的第二区域，并且光电检测器检测穿过第一和第二区域的光。从分别从组织的第一和第二区域检测的光量计算第一和第二氧饱和度值。差分计算单元计算表示第一氧饱和度值与第二氧饱和度值不同的差值，并且比较器将差值与阈值进行比较。当差值具有选择的数学关系（例如，小于或等于）阈值时，提供阈值指示信号。

7. 发明授权

US5078136A Method and apparatus for calculating arterial oxygen saturation based plethysmographs including transients 失效
标题翻译：用于计算动脉血氧饱和度的体积描记器包括瞬变的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5078136A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-07
申请号：US389633
申请日：1989-08-04
申请人： Robert T. Stone , Deborah A. Briggs
发明人： Robert T. Stone , Deborah A. Briggs
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B5/0295
CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 , A61B5/7207
摘要： A method and apparatus for improving the calculation of oxygen saturation by non-invasive pulse oximeters during transient conditions. Transient conditions introduce artifactual errors into the detected optical signal because of changes in transmittance of the light with localized blood volume changes and as the average background oxygen saturation level of the patient's blood changes. The invention relates to correcting the detected optical pulses by linear interpolation and rate of change techniques or by selective frequency filtering and compensating the detected optical signal using the filtered signal to provide accurate estimates of oxygen saturation during transient conditions.
摘要翻译：一种用于在瞬态条件下改善非侵入脉搏血氧仪计算氧饱和度的方法和装置。由于随着局部血容量变化的光的透射率变化以及患者血液的平均背景氧饱和度水平改变，瞬态条件将人为误差引入检测到的光信号。本发明涉及通过线性内插和变化率技术来校正检测到的光脉冲，或者通过选择性频率滤波来校正检测到的光脉冲，并且使用滤波信号来补偿检测到的光信号，从而在瞬态条件下提供准确的氧饱和度估

8. 发明授权

US4653498A Pulse oximeter monitor 失效
标题翻译：脉搏血氧仪监护仪
公开(公告)号：US4653498A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-31
申请号：US867005
申请日：1986-05-20
申请人： William New, Jr. , James E. Corenman
发明人： William New, Jr. , James E. Corenman
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B5/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 , A61B2505/03
摘要： A display monitor is disclosed for a pulse oximeter of the type wherein light of two different wavelengths is passed through body tissue, such as a finger, an ear or the scalp, so as to be modulated by the pulsatile component of arterial blood therein and thereby indicate oxygen saturation. A tonal signal is emitted having a pitch proportional to the ratio of oxygen saturation and a sequential repetition proportional to pulse. A visual cue consisting of an array of strobed light emitting diodes is flashed having a total light output proportional to the magnitude of the pulse and a sequential flashing rate proportional to pulse rate. A systematic rejection of extraneous or irregular detected data prevents undue sounding of alarms.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于脉冲血氧计的显示监视器，其中两种不同波长的光通过诸如手指，耳朵或头皮的身体组织，以便由其中的动脉血的脉动分量调节，从而表示氧饱和度。发出具有与氧饱和度的比例成比例的音调和与脉冲成比例的顺序重复的音调信号。闪烁了由阵列的选通发光二极管组成的视觉提示，其总光输出与脉冲的幅度成正比，顺序的闪烁速率与脉率成比例。系统地拒绝外部或不正确的检测数据可以防止警报的不适当的声音。

9. 发明申请

US20040158135A1 Pulse oximeter sensor off detector 有权
标题翻译：脉搏血氧计传感器关闭检测器
公开(公告)号：US20040158135A1
公开(公告)日：2004-08-12
申请号：US10775497
申请日：2004-02-09
申请人： Nellcor Incorporated, a Delaware corporation
发明人： Clark R. Baker JR. , Thomas J. Yorkey
IPC分类号： A61B005/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/7203 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/024 , A61B5/02416 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7239 , A61B5/725 , G06F19/00 , H03H21/003
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the effects of noise on a system for measuring physiological parameters, such as, for example, a pulse oximeter. The method and apparatus of the invention take into account the physical limitations on various physiological parameters being monitored when weighting and averaging a series of measurements. Varying weights are assigned different measurements, measurements are rejected, and the averaging period is adjusted according to the reliability of the measurements. Similarly, calculated values derived from analyzing the measurements are also assigned varying weights and averaged over adjustable periods. More specifically, a general class of filters such as, for example, Kalman filters, is employed in processing the measurements and calculated values. The filters use mathematical models which describe how the physiological parameters change in time, and how these parameters relate to measurement in a noisy environment. The filters adaptively modify a set of averaging weights to optimally estimate the physiological parameters.
摘要翻译：一种用于减少噪声对用于测量生理参数的系统的影响的方法和装置，例如脉搏血氧计。本发明的方法和装置考虑到当加权和平均一系列测量时监测的各种生理参数的物理限制。不同的权重被分配不同的测量，测量被拒绝，平均期间根据测量的可靠性进行调整。类似地，从分析测量得到的计算值也被赋予变化的权重并且在可调周期上平均。更具体地，在处理测量值和计算值时，采用一般的滤波器类，例如卡尔曼滤波器。过滤器使用描述生理参数如何随时间变化的数学模型，以及这些参数如何与嘈杂环境中的测量相关。滤波器自适应地修改一组平均权重以最佳地估计生理参数。

10. 发明授权

US5588439A Acoustic impulse respirometer and method 失效
标题翻译：声冲击呼吸仪和方法
公开(公告)号：US5588439A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-31
申请号：US370623
申请日：1995-01-10
申请人： Seth D. Hollub
发明人： Seth D. Hollub
IPC分类号： A61B5/113 , A61B5/08
CPC分类号： A61B9/00 , A61B5/1135 , A61B5/4818
摘要： An apparatus and method for sensing respiratory motion to detect sleep apnea and the like. An acoustic pulse stimulator or generator located on one side of a body sends impulses through the body to impinge on one or more sensors on the opposite side of the body. Because time delay between transmitter and receiver is determined by distance, and because distance is directly related to breathing motions of the body, measurement of the time delay will have a direct correspondence to breathing motions.
摘要翻译：用于感测呼吸运动以检测睡眠呼吸暂停等的装置和方法。位于身体一侧的声脉冲刺激器或发生器通过身体发送脉冲以撞击身体相对侧上的一个或多个传感器。因为发射机和接收机之间的时间延迟是由距离决定的，而且由于距离与身体的呼吸运动直接相关，所以时间延迟的测量将与呼吸运动直接相关。

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