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1. 发明授权

US4600694A Apparatus for harvesting cells 失效
标题翻译：收集细胞的装置
公开(公告)号：US4600694A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-15
申请号：US737652
申请日：1985-05-24
申请人： Robert A. Clyde
发明人： Robert A. Clyde
IPC分类号： A01G33/00 , C02F3/08 , C12M1/02 , C12M3/04 , C12M1/10
CPC分类号： A01G33/00 , C12M21/02 , C12M25/06 , C12M27/06 , C12M33/16 , C12M39/00 , C02F2101/006 , C02F2101/20 , C02F3/08 , Y02W10/15
摘要： Apparatus for harvesting converting microorganism cells immobilized on the support discs of a rotary biological contactor. A plurality of cell scraper units are located between the discs and are rotated with the discs while the microorganism cells are growing and performing their converting function. The rotation of the scraper units is then stopped while the discs continue to rotate slowly and the stationary scraper units under controlled pressure scrape the cells off the rotating discs.
摘要翻译：用于收集转移固定在旋转生物接触器的支撑盘上的微生物细胞的装置。多个细胞刮刀单元位于盘之间并且随着微生物细胞生长并进行其转换功能而与圆盘一起旋转。然后在盘继续缓慢旋转的同时停止刮板单元的旋转，并且在受控压力下的固定刮板单元将细胞从旋转盘上刮下。

2. 发明授权

US4351905A Horizontal fermenter 失效
标题翻译：卧式发酵罐
公开(公告)号：US4351905A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-28
申请号：US216310
申请日：1980-12-15
申请人： Robert A. Clyde
发明人： Robert A. Clyde
IPC分类号： C12M1/00 , C12M1/02
CPC分类号： C12M25/14 , C12M21/12 , C12M23/20 , C12M25/02 , C12M33/18 , Y10S435/813
摘要： A horizontal fermenter which allows the uninhibited growth of an organism is disclosed. The fermenter is particularly useful for producing alcohols such as ethanol from sugars such as glucose, and comprises a container for holding a selected nutrient solution. A fiber or wood substrate is included for supporting a selected organism such as Zymomonas. Also included is means for physically detaching or dislodging the organisms from the substrate.
摘要翻译：公开了允许生物体不受限制地生长的卧式发酵罐。发酵罐特别适用于从诸如葡萄糖的糖生产醇如乙醇，并且包含容纳选定营养液的容器。包括纤维或木质底物以支持选定的生物体如发酵单胞菌属。还包括用于从基底物理分离或移出生物体的手段。

3. 发明授权

US4222434A Ceramic sponge heat-exchanger member 失效
标题翻译：陶瓷海绵热交换器
公开(公告)号：US4222434A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-16
申请号：US900513
申请日：1978-04-27
申请人： Robert A. Clyde
发明人： Robert A. Clyde
IPC分类号： B01J15/00 , B01J19/00 , B01J19/24 , F28D19/04 , F28F9/22 , F28F13/00 , F28F21/04
CPC分类号： F28F13/003 , B01J15/005 , B01J19/0013 , B01J19/2485 , F28D19/042 , F28F21/04 , F28F9/22 , B01J2219/00078 , B01J2219/00135 , B01J2219/00155 , Y10S165/902 , Y10S165/905 , Y10S165/907
摘要： A heat-exchanger composed of a body of ceramic sponge defining randomly located interconnected walls bounding a plurality of randomly located interconnected cavities and a plurality of elongate heat-conductive members embedded in the body and having a surface in heat-exchanging relation with the body and an end zone at the surface of the body and another opposite end zone which is located depthwise in the body, so that, heat may be conducted between the interior of the body and the surface of the body along the heat-conductive members. The heat-conductive members may be of suitable material, such as silicon carbide or metallic glass. In another case a silicon carbide rod is attached to a ceramic plate so as to conduct heat directly from one side of the plate to the other. A method of increasing the efficiency of a tube heat exchanger with sponge baffles is described. A method of resistance heating of an auto catalytic converter is detailed.
摘要翻译：由陶瓷海绵体组成的热交换器，其限定随机定位的互连壁，其界定多个随机定位的相互连接的空腔，以及多个细长的导热构件，其嵌入体内并具有与身体热交换的表面，主体表面的端部区域和位于体内深度方向的另一相对端部区域，从而可以沿着导热构件在身体的内部和身体的表面之间传导热量。导热构件可以是合适的材料，例如碳化硅或金属玻璃。在另一种情况下，将碳化硅棒连接到陶瓷板上，以便将热量直接从板的一侧传导到另一侧。描述了一种提高具有海绵挡板的管式热交换器的效率的方法。详细说明了汽车催化转化器的电阻加热方法。

4. 发明授权

US4530763A Method for treating waste fluid with bacteria 失效
标题翻译：用细菌处理废液的方法
公开(公告)号：US4530763A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-23
申请号：US512534
申请日：1983-07-11
申请人： Robert A. Clyde , Andrew Whipple
发明人： Robert A. Clyde , Andrew Whipple
IPC分类号： C02F1/28 , C02F3/34 , C12P3/00 , C02F3/04 , C12N11/08 , C12R1/38 , D06M16/00
CPC分类号： C02F3/34 , C02F1/286 , C12P3/00 , Y10S210/912 , Y10S210/913 , Y10S423/17 , Y10S435/874
摘要： A method for treating waste fluids to remove selected chemicals such as minerals and metals wherein a bacterial culture that will attach to a selected chemical is transferred to a nutrient medium for a time period sufficient to produce satisfactory bacterial cell growth. The bacterial cells are then attached to a porous fiber webbing supported in a suitable container and the nutrient medium is then withdrawn from the container and waste fluid introduced into the container for a period of time sufficient to attach the chemical to the bacterial cells. The waste fluid is then removed from the container and the chemical separated from the fiber webbing.
摘要翻译：一种用于处理废液以去除所选择的化学物质如矿物质和金属的方法，其中将附着于所选化学品的细菌培养物转移到营养培养基中足以产生令人满意的细菌细胞生长的时间段。然后将细菌细胞连接到支撑在合适的容器中的多孔纤维织带，然后将营养培养基从容器中取出并将废物流入容器中一段足以将化学品附着到细菌细胞的时间。然后将废液从容器中取出，并将化学品与纤维织带分离。

5. 发明授权

US3998758A Supported catalyst 失效
标题翻译：负载催化剂
公开(公告)号：US3998758A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-21
申请号：US605677
申请日：1975-08-18
申请人： Robert A. Clyde
发明人： Robert A. Clyde
IPC分类号： B01J25/02 , B01J37/02 , C04B41/51 , C04B41/88 , C23C16/04 , C23C16/06 , B01J21/04 , B01J23/74 , B01J35/04
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , B01J25/02 , B01J37/0238 , B01J37/024 , C04B41/51 , C04B41/88 , C23C16/045 , C23C16/06 , Y10S261/72 , Y10T428/24997 , Y10T428/249986
摘要： A novel supported catalyst is described. The catalyst contains (a) a ceramic sponge support having internal surfaces comprised of the walls of cavities randomly dispersed throughout the sponge support and the walls of intersticial passageways connecting said cavities; (b) a first layer of either nickel, copper or cobalt substantially uniformly deposited on and adherent to all internal surfaces of the ceramic sponge support; (c) a second layer comprising a lattice network of either nickel, copper or cobalt adherent to and on the surface of said first layer; and (d) a sufficient quantity of either aluminum, magnesium or zinc intermittently dispersed throughout the second layer to retain the integral structure of said lattice network. The catalyst exhibits increased efficiency over prior art catalysts when used in similar capacities.
摘要翻译：描述了一种新型的载体催化剂。催化剂含有（a）陶瓷海绵支撑体，其内表面包括随机分散在整个海绵支撑体内的空腔壁和连接所述腔体的间隙通道壁; （b）基本上均匀地沉积在陶瓷海绵支撑体的所有内表面上并粘合到其上的镍，铜或钴的第一层; （c）第二层，包括粘附到所述第一层表面上的镍，铜或钴的晶格网络; 和（d）足够量的铝，镁或锌间歇地分散在整个第二层中以保持所述格子网络的整体结构。当以相似的容量使用时，催化剂表现出比现有技术的催化剂更高的效率。

6. 发明授权

US4395620A Electric storage heating apparatus 失效
标题翻译：蓄电式加热装置
公开(公告)号：US4395620A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-26
申请号：US237573
申请日：1981-02-23
申请人： Robert A. Clyde , William B. Crandall
发明人： Robert A. Clyde , William B. Crandall
IPC分类号： F24H7/04 , F24H7/00 , H05B3/00
CPC分类号： F24H7/0416
摘要： An electric heat storage apparatus comprises an electric heating element, a ceramic heat storage pipe, an air passageway in communication with the pipe, and a thermostatically controlled air circulation means. The ceramic pipe has a scalloped-shaped outer surface providing a plurality of crests and troughs and a series of parallel grooves cut in at least some of the crests. The heating element is located in the grooves in contact with the pipe. In a preferred embodiment, the pipe is provided with a plurality of internal ribs of at least two different lengths. The pipe is supported on a ceramic cradle and a ceramic sponge or metal turnings are inserted into the pipe between the ribs to increase the heat transfer area.
摘要翻译：电热储存装置包括电加热元件，陶瓷储热管，与管连通的空气通道和恒温控制的空气循环装置。陶瓷管具有扇形形状的外表面，其提供多个波峰和槽，以及一系列在至少一些峰顶上切割的平行槽。加热元件位于与管道接触的槽中。在优选实施例中，管道设置有至少两个不同长度的多个内部肋条。管道支撑在陶瓷支架上，并且陶瓷海绵或金属屑组件插入到肋之间的管道中以增加传热面积。

7. 发明授权

US5256570A Bioreactor configured for various permeable cell supports and culture media 失效
标题翻译：生物反应器配置用于各种可渗透细胞支持体和培养基
公开(公告)号：US5256570A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-26
申请号：US964071
申请日：1992-10-20
申请人： Robert A. Clyde
发明人： Robert A. Clyde
IPC分类号： C12M1/10 , C12M3/04
CPC分类号： C12M41/12 , C12M25/02 , C12M27/10 , C12M27/18 , Y10S435/813
摘要： A design for a RBC (rotary biological contactor), wherein there is provided a plurality of support members enveloped in a chamber, configured so as to support microorganisms or cells. Specifically, the support members are corrugated sheet media which include drain holes formed therein. The corrugated sheet media are supported within a rotating infusion unit which is positioned so as to rotate within an outer jacket. The RBC also includes a system to vary the nutrient environment of said microorganisms or cells, including means to vary the temperature and/or atmosphere within the jacket and infusion unit.
摘要翻译： RBC（旋转生物接触器）的设计，其中设置有多个包围在室中的支撑构件，构造成支撑微生物或细胞。具体地说，支撑构件是包括形成在其中的排水孔的瓦楞纸介质。波纹片材介质被支撑在旋转输注单元内，该旋转输注单元定位成在外套内旋转。 RBC还包括改变所述微生物或细胞的营养环境的系统，包括改变护套和输注单元内的温度和/或气氛的方法。

8. 发明授权

US4420462A Catalytic heat exchanger 失效
标题翻译：催化换热器
公开(公告)号：US4420462A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-13
申请号：US360605
申请日：1982-03-22
申请人： Robert A. Clyde
发明人： Robert A. Clyde
IPC分类号： B01J8/02 , B01J8/04 , F02M27/02 , F28F9/22 , F28D7/06
CPC分类号： B01J8/0484 , B01J8/0285 , F02M27/02 , F28F9/22 , B01J2208/00194 , B01J2208/00212 , B01J2208/00221 , B01J2219/00083 , B01J2219/182
摘要： A catalytic heat exchanger useful for carrying out a catalytic reaction wherein a gaseous or vaporized mixture is flowed into contact with a catalytic material reactive with such mixture. The heat exchanger includes a reaction zone divided by a plurality of baffle plates into regions of progressive increasing or decreasing volume. The baffle plates form a tortuous flow path for the gaseous or vaporized mixture that provides intermittent contact with a bundle of heat exchange tubes and the catalytic material. The intermittent contact in turn provides a uniform reaction temperature which promotes reaction specificity.
摘要翻译：一种用于进行催化反应的催化热交换器，其中气态或蒸发的混合物流动与与这种混合物反应的催化材料接触。热交换器包括由多个挡板分隔成逐渐增加或减小体积的区域的反应区域。挡板形成用于气态或蒸发的混合物的曲折流动路径，其提供与一束热交换管和催化材料的间歇接触。间歇接触依次提供均匀的反应温度，其促进反应特异性。

9. 发明授权

US4407954A Fiber fermenter 失效
标题翻译：纤维发酵罐
公开(公告)号：US4407954A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-04
申请号：US328125
申请日：1981-12-07
申请人： Robert A. Clyde
发明人： Robert A. Clyde
IPC分类号： C12M1/00 , C12P7/06 , C12M1/02 , C12M1/40 , C12P7/02
CPC分类号： C12M29/26 , C12M21/12 , C12M25/02 , C12M27/14 , C12P7/065 , Y02E50/17 , Y10S435/813 , Y10S435/842 , Y10S435/911
摘要： A method and apparatus particularly useful for producing alcohols such as ethanol from sugars such as glucose. The apparatus comprises a container for holding a selected nutrient solution, a substrate comprising a multiplicity of fibers suitable for supporting a selected converting organism supported within the container and means for moving one of the substrate and the nutrient solution relative to the other at a speed slightly below that at which the organism becomes detached from the substrate while maintaining sufficient contact time between the nutrient solution and the converting organism to produce a satisfactory yield.
摘要翻译：特别适用于从糖如葡萄糖生产醇如乙醇的方法和设备。该装置包括用于保持所选择的营养液的容器，包含适合于支撑所述容器内所选择的转化生物的多种纤维的底物，以及稍微以一定速度移动所述底物和所述营养液之一的装置低于营养液与转化生物之间保持足够的接触时间以产生令人满意的产率的生物体与基质分离的位置。

10. 发明授权

US4333893A High area contactor 失效
标题翻译：大面积接触器
公开(公告)号：US4333893A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-08
申请号：US114637
申请日：1980-01-23
申请人： Robert A. Clyde
发明人： Robert A. Clyde
IPC分类号： B01J16/00 , B01J19/30 , C12M1/40 , F02M17/28
CPC分类号： B01J19/30 , B01J16/005 , C12M21/18 , C12M23/06 , C12M23/20 , C12M23/34 , C12M27/20 , B01J2219/30203 , B01J2219/30223 , B01J2219/30296 , B01J2219/30416 , B01J2219/30466 , Y10S261/72
摘要： Individual high area contactors suitable for filling a rotary biological contactor and for packing a fluid column or tower are disclosed. According to this invention each of the individual contactors include a tough abrasive-resistant outer member such as perforated substantially spherical members, or cylindrical shaped outer members such as Raschig rings. This tough outer member encloses or protects a more fragile high-area internal member or reaction support member. In a preferred embodiment such as for high temperature uses or uses where the contactor would be exposed to the ultraviolet rays of the sun, the outer member is preferably made of abrasive resistant ceramic and the high-area internal member is a ceramic sponge. In certain embodiments, the outer member can be made with a rather thin shell and still maintain its strength by the use of internal ceramic sponge shaped to provide support to the outer shell. In addition to ceramic, and for other uses, both the outer member and the high area internal member can be made of plastic like material. In other embodiments, the internal member can be made of carrageenan and resin, while in still others it may be ceramic sponge coated with a metal or other selected material. The selection of materials is dependent upon the use to be made of the contactor and the type of enzyme, reaction, etc., that is to be supported by the high-area internal members.
摘要翻译：公开了适用于填充旋转生物接触器和用于包装流体柱或塔的单独的高面积接触器。根据本发明，每个单独的接触器包括耐磨的耐磨外部构件，例如穿孔的基本上为球形的构件，或圆柱形外部构件，例如拉希奇环。这个坚韧的外部构件包围或保护更脆弱的大面积内部构件或反作用支撑构件。在优选的实施方案中，例如对于接触器将暴露于太阳紫外线的高温用途或用途，外部构件优选地由耐磨陶瓷制成，并且高面积内部构件是陶瓷海绵。在某些实施例中，外部构件可以由相当薄的外壳制成，并且通过使用形状为向外壳提供支撑的内部陶瓷海绵仍然保持其强度。除了陶瓷和其他用途之外，外部构件和高面积内部构件都可以由塑料制成。在其他实施例中，内部构件可以由角叉菜胶和树脂制成，而在其它实施例中，其可以是涂覆有金属或其它选定材料的陶瓷海绵。材料的选择取决于由高面积内部构件支撑的接触器的使用和酶的类型，反应等。

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