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81. 发明授权

US06427519B2 Road surface friction measuring method and device therefor 失效
标题翻译：路面摩擦测量方法及其装置
公开(公告)号：US06427519B2
公开(公告)日：2002-08-06
申请号：US09739908
申请日：2000-12-20
申请人： Tetsuhiko Ueda , Tokuo Sotozaki , Takashi Kai
发明人： Tetsuhiko Ueda , Tokuo Sotozaki , Takashi Kai
IPC分类号： G01N1902
CPC分类号： B60T8/172 , G01N19/02
摘要： Provided is a road surface friction coefficient measuring method and device for measuring the friction coefficient of road surfaces such as roads and runways, and which can be used by being mounted on a general car. This device has a spindle 5 detachably connected to the wheel of a travelling wheel 3 of a car, a support arm 6 oscillatably connected to the spindle, and a measuring wheel supported rotatably by the support arm. Provided to the support arm 6 are a vertical load generating mechanism for applying a vertical load to be added to the self weight of the measuring wheel 8, a first detection unit for detecting the vertical load that is applied to the measuring wheel from the road surface, a rotation transmission mechanism for transmitting to the measuring wheel the rotation of the spindle so as to provide a circumferential velocity difference between the travelling wheel and the measuring wheel, and a second detection unit for detecting the rotational resistance incurred by the measuring wheel from the road surface. The road surface friction coefficient is calculated with a computing unit based on the self weight of the measuring vehicle including the detected values of these detection units and the arm.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于测量道路和跑道等路面的摩擦系数的路面摩擦系数测定方法和装置，其可以安装在普通车上使用。该装置具有可拆卸地连接到轿厢的行进轮3的车轮的主轴5，与主轴可摆动地连接的支撑臂6和由支撑臂可旋转地支撑的测量轮。提供给支撑臂6的是用于施加要添加到测量轮8的自重的垂直载荷的垂直载荷产生机构，用于检测从路面施加到测量轮的垂直载荷的第一检测单元旋转传递机构，其用于向所述测量轮传送所述心轴的旋转，以便提供所述行走轮与所述测量轮之间的圆周速度差;以及第二检测单元，用于检测来自所述测量轮的旋转阻力路面。基于包括检测单元和臂的检测值的测量车辆的自重计算单元计算路面摩擦系数。

82. 发明申请

US20020046594A1 Measuring apparatus of sliding friction coefficient for vehicle running road surface 失效
标题翻译：车辆行驶路面滑动摩擦系数测量装置
公开(公告)号：US20020046594A1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-25
申请号：US09815119
申请日：2001-03-22
发明人： Akira Kashiwagi , Koichi Takagi
IPC分类号： G01N003/56 , G01N019/02
CPC分类号： G01N19/02
摘要： A measuring apparatus of sliding friction coefficient for vehicle running road surface includes a measuring wheel (4) supported rotatably on a support frame (10) and a brake unit (22) for braking said measuring wheel (4). A load cell (2) is disposed on the support frame (10) horizontal to a rotating shaft (19) of the measuring wheel (4) for measuring a tension yielded between the support frame (10) and the measuring wheel (4) by braking the measuring wheel (4), and a load cell (11) is disposed on the support frame (10) vertical to the rotating shaft (19) of the measuring wheel (4) for measuring a carrying weight loaded on the measuring wheel (4). The support frame (10) is arranged elevatably in the inside of a box-like casing (5).
摘要翻译：用于车辆行驶路面的滑动摩擦系数的测量装置包括可旋转地支撑在支撑框架（10）上的测量轮（4）和用于制动所述测量轮（4）的制动单元（22）。负载传感器（2）与测量轮（4）的旋转轴（19）水平地布置在支撑框架（10）上，用于通过以下步骤测量在支撑框架（10）和测量轮（4）之间产生的张力：制动测量轮（4），并且将负载传感器（11）设置在垂直于测量轮（4）的旋转轴（19）的支撑框架（10）上，用于测量装载在测量轮上的载重量 4）。支撑框架（10）可升降地布置在盒状壳体（5）的内部。

83. 发明授权

US06349587B1 Portable universal friction testing machine and method 失效
标题翻译：便携式万能摩擦试验机及方法
公开(公告)号：US06349587B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-26
申请号：US09503285
申请日：2000-02-14
申请人： Neel K. Mani , Vladimir Roth , S. J. Olesky
发明人： Neel K. Mani , Vladimir Roth , S. J. Olesky
IPC分类号： G01N1902
CPC分类号： G01N19/02
摘要： A friction testing machine and method for measuring friction characteristics between a test sample and a friction surface. The machine and method are particularly suited for measuring the coefficient of friction between a rubber specimen or a tread element and different friction surfaces at different sliding velocities, contact pressures and orientations. The machine includes a carriage, a friction surface, a motion device, a sample holder, a variable weight loading device, and a force measurement device. The motion device to cause relative movement between the carriage and the friction surface in forward and reverse directions and the sample holder holds a sample in frictional engagement with the friction surface during this forward and reverse movement. The variable weight loading device loads the sample holder so that a selected load can be applied to the sample in a direction normal to the friction surface. The force measurement device obtains a measurement indicative of the frictional force resisting movement of the sample as it is moved in the forward and reverse directions. The processor controls the motion device, controls the variable weight loading device and/or records the measurements obtained by the force measurement device.
摘要翻译：一种用于测量测试样品和摩擦表面之间的摩擦特性的摩擦试验机和方法。该机器和方法特别适用于在不同的滑动速度，接触压力和取向下测量橡胶样品或胎面元件与不同摩擦表面之间的摩擦系数。该机器包括滑架，摩擦面，运动装置，样品架，可变重量装载装置和力测量装置。运动装置在前后方向上引起托架和摩擦表面之间的相对移动，并且样品架保持样品在该向前和反向运动期间与摩擦表面摩擦接合。可变重量装载装置装载样品架，使得可以沿垂直于摩擦表面的方向将选定的载荷施加到样品。力测量装置获得表示当样品沿正向和反向移动时样品的摩擦力抵抗运动的测量。处理器控制运动装置，控制可变重量装载装置和/或记录由力测量装置获得的测量结果。

84. 发明授权

US06330820B1 Friction material testing apparatus 失效
标题翻译：摩擦材料检测仪
公开(公告)号：US06330820B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-18
申请号：US09600459
申请日：2000-07-17
申请人： Ronald I Cotterill , Kenneth Dunning , James B Marshall , Alan Davenport
发明人： Ronald I Cotterill , Kenneth Dunning , James B Marshall , Alan Davenport
IPC分类号： G01N356
CPC分类号： G01L5/288 , G01N19/02
摘要： Apparatus 10 (FIG. 1), for testing samples of friction material 31, 32 in rubbing contact with a surface 33 of a rubbing element 34, comprises a table 12 for supporting the rubbing element and a load cell 16 for sensing the load imposed by the frictionally coupled rotating samples from which the coefficient of friction can be determined. To make the tests repeatable rapidly and with identical starting conditions cooling means 40 is interposed between the rubbing element and table. Cooling means 40 comprises a fluid cooled heat exchanger 41, conveniently cooled by local main supply water supplied at its natural temperature, and thermoelectric cooling means 75. The thermoelectric cooling means consists of an array of planar peltier cooling elements which develops a temperature gradient there across which, with reference to the heat exchanger temperature, is able to cool and re-cool the rubbing element to temperatures as low as −25° C. within a matter of minutes. To ensure the friction material and rubbing element are not contaminated by water condensed from the atmosphere an enclosure 60 is formed around them and kept at positive pressure by dry, inert argon gas.
摘要翻译：用于测试与摩擦元件34的表面33摩擦接触的摩擦材料31,32的样品的装置10（图1）包括用于支撑摩擦元件的工作台12和用于感测由摩擦元件34施加的负载的负载传感器16 可以确定摩擦系数的摩擦耦合的旋转样品。为了使测试快速重复并且以相同的起始条件，冷却装置40置于摩擦元件和工作台之间。冷却装置40包括流体冷却的热交换器41，其通过在其自然温度下供应的局部主供水被方便地冷却，以及热电冷却装置75.热电冷却装置由平面珀尔帖冷却元件阵列组成，其参照热交换器温度能够在几分钟内将摩擦元件冷却并重新冷却至低至-25℃的温度。为了确保摩擦材料和摩擦元件不被从大气中冷凝的水污染，围绕它们形成外壳60并通过干燥的惰性氩气保持正压。

85. 发明授权

US06324480B1 Method for analyzing friction reduction effects of bubbles in friction-reducing ship 失效
标题翻译：分析减摩船中气泡摩擦减小效应的方法
公开(公告)号：US06324480B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-27
申请号：US09317326
申请日：1999-05-24
申请人： Yoshiaki Takahashi , Yuki Yoshida , Hiroharu Kato
发明人： Yoshiaki Takahashi , Yuki Yoshida , Hiroharu Kato
IPC分类号： G01F1700
CPC分类号： B63B1/38 , B63B9/00 , G01N13/00 , G01N19/02 , G01N2013/0216 , G01N2013/0266 , Y02T70/122
摘要： A method is provided for analyzing the effects of bubbles on skin-friction reduction in a ship cruising in a bubbly flow field. A shear stress decrement &tgr;t produced by a bubble in a flow field is obtained in a high frequency band region, in which a product of a bubble time-constant T and a turbulence frequency &ohgr;L in a flow field is sufficiently greater than 1, based on a resistive force &Dgr;Rv acting on a bubble derived from the bubble movements in a fluid flow direction along a ship surface and in a direction at right angles to a ship wall surface. Assuming that the shear stress a decrement is generated by a decrease in a gas mixing length, an expression for the operative wall constant &kgr;1 for bubbly flow including a parametric bubble diameter db is derived. Based on an expression relating the operative wall constant &kgr;1 and a local friction factor Cf in bubbly flow, and an expression relating the normal wall constant &kgr; in non-bubbly flow and a local friction factor Cf0 in non-bubbly flow, an analytical solution is obtained for a skin-friction ratio Cf/Cf0.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于分析泡沫对气泡流场中船舶巡航中的皮肤 - 摩擦减少的影响的方法。在流场中的气泡时间常数T和湍流频率ωL的乘积充分大于1的高频带区域中获得由流场中的气泡产生的剪切应力减小和t，基于作用在沿着船舶表面的流体流动方向的气泡运动产生的气泡和与船舶壁表面成直角的方向上的阻力DFTARv。假设剪切应力由于气体混合长度的减小而产生减量，则推导出包括参数气泡直径db在内的用于气泡流的操作壁常数kappa1的表达式。基于与气泡流中的操作壁常数kappa1和局部摩擦系数Cf相关的表达式，以及与非气泡流中的正常壁常数kappa和非气泡流中的局部摩擦系数Cf0相关联的表达式，解析解是获得的皮肤摩擦比Cf / Cf0。

86. 发明申请

US20010020391A1 Method and arrangement for judging the friction behavior between two counter-running partners 失效
标题翻译：判断两个对手之间的摩擦行为的方法和安排
公开(公告)号：US20010020391A1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-13
申请号：US09801402
申请日：2001-03-07
发明人： Urs Moser
IPC分类号： G01N009/24
CPC分类号： G01N19/02 , F02B3/06 , F02F2007/0097 , G01N2291/017 , G01N2291/044
摘要： A method is proposed for judging the friction behavior between two counter-running partners (2, 3), each of which has a contact surface (21, 31), with the one contact surface (31) moving along the other contact surface (21) in the operating state, comprising the following steps: one of the contact surfaces (31) is charged with ultrasonic signals (UI; UW), ultrasonic signals which are reflected by the contact surface (31) are received as echo signals (ES), the echo signals (ES) are supplied to an evaluation unit (6) as received signals, the Doppler shift of the received signals is determined by means of the evaluation unit (6), and the friction behavior between the counter-running partners (2, 3) is judged by means of the Doppler shift.
摘要翻译：提出了一种用于判断两个反向运行的对象（2,3）之间的摩擦行为的方法，每一个具有接触表面（21,31），一个接触表面（31）沿着另一个接触表面（21 ）包括以下步骤：其中一个接触表面（31）充满超声波信号（UI; UW），由接触表面（31）反射的超声波信号作为回波信号（ES）被接收，，回波信号（ES）作为接收信号提供给评估单元（6），通过评估单元（6）确定接收信号的多普勒频移，以及反运行伙伴之间的摩擦行为 2，3）通过多普勒频移来判断。

87. 发明申请

US20010008476A1 Method of measuring coefficient of friction and head slider for magnetic medium drive 有权
标题翻译：测量磁介质驱动摩擦系数和磁头滑块的方法
公开(公告)号：US20010008476A1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-19
申请号：US09790098
申请日：2001-02-21
申请人： FUJITSU LIMITED
发明人： Takahiro Imamura
IPC分类号： G11B005/48 , G11B021/16
CPC分类号： G01N19/02 , G11B5/60 , G11B21/16 , G11B33/10
摘要： An adsorptive tangential force is measured at the moment when a slider has contacted or touched a receiving surface. The adsorptive tangential force is induced solely by the adsorption transmitted from the receiving surface to the slider. An overall tangential force transmitted from the receiving surface to the slider is measured when the slider is kept urged against the receiving surface. The coefficient of dynamic friction is calculated based on the differential between the thus measured overall and adsorptive tangential forces. The effect of the adsorption can be eliminated from the calculated coefficient of dynamic friction. It is possible to derive the coefficient of dynamic friction at a still higher accuracy.
摘要翻译：当滑块接触或接触接收表面时，测量吸附切向力。吸附切向力仅通过从接收表面传递到滑块的吸附而诱发。当滑块被保持推靠在接收表面上时，测量从接收表面传递到滑块的整体切向力。基于由此测量的整体和吸附切向力之间的差异来计算动摩擦系数。可以从计算的动摩擦系数中消除吸附的影响。可以以更高的精度导出动摩擦系数。

88. 发明授权

US06225799B1 Method and apparatus for testing magnetic heads and hard disks 失效
标题翻译：用于测试磁头和硬盘的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06225799B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-01
申请号：US09197745
申请日：1998-11-23
申请人： Oleg A. Gergel , Mostafa Mahmoudian
发明人： Oleg A. Gergel , Mostafa Mahmoudian
IPC分类号： G01N1902
CPC分类号： G01N19/02 , G11B5/455 , G11B5/54 , G11B33/10 , G11B2005/001
摘要： A method and apparatus for start-stop testing magnetic heads and hard disks in real disk-drive environment is provided. The tester has essentially the same dimensions as a conventional disk drive so that rotation of the disk pack inside the tester housing generates the same aerodynamic conditions as in a real disk drive. An accurate head positioning system, the operation of which does not depend on the deterioration of the magnetic conditions of the head and disk, is located inside the tester housing, and the friction and sticking forces can be measured till the moment of physical crash inside the housing. An essential advantage of the tester of the invention in that the measurement and positioning systems are combined into a single unit. The aforementioned combined system is based on the use of a Hall-effect sensor attached to the voice coil of the type used in the disk drive. Friction forces between the magnetic heads and the disks are measured by utilizing a voltage applied to the voltage-to-current converter.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在实际磁盘驱动器环境中停止测试磁头和硬盘的方法和装置。测试仪具有与常规磁盘驱动器基本相同的尺寸，使得盘组件在测试器壳体内的旋转产生与真实磁盘驱动器中相同的空气动力学条件。精确的头部定位系统，其操作不依赖于磁头和磁盘的磁条件的劣化，位于测试器壳体内部，并且可以测量摩擦力和粘着力直到内部物理碰撞的时刻住房。本发明的测试器的一个重要优点在于测量和定位系统被组合成单个单元。上述组合系统基于使用附接到磁盘驱动器中使用的音圈的霍尔效应传感器。通过利用施加到电压 - 电流转换器的电压来测量磁头和磁盘之间的摩擦力。

89. 发明授权

US06192736B1 Tribometer for testing the efficiency of lubrication upon a railroad track surface 失效
标题翻译：用于测试铁路轨道表面润滑效率的计量表
公开(公告)号：US06192736B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-27
申请号：US09159375
申请日：1998-09-23
申请人： George K. Clem
发明人： George K. Clem
IPC分类号： G01N1902
CPC分类号： B61K9/08 , G01N19/02
摘要： An automated tribometer for measuring the coefficient of friction of the tread and gauge surfaces of railroad rail is disclosed. A tribometer is provided that is pushed in front of a high-rail vehicle, wherein during operation, the tribometer extends a rail test assembly to contact the surfaces of the rail. The rail test assembly has a rail testing wheel that is urged towards contact with the rail to be tested, and eventually contacts the rail, and lastly applies a known load to the rail. The testing wheel is then dynamically braked to slow the testing wheel to the point of creepage. The automated tribometer then can calculate the coefficient of friction of the rail.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于测量铁路轨道的胎面和表面摩擦系数的自动摩擦计。提供了一种被推到高轨车辆前面的摩擦计，其中在操作期间，摩擦仪延伸轨道测试组件以接触轨道的表面。轨道测试组件具有被测试的轨道测试轮，该轨道测试轮被迫与待测试的轨道接触，并且最终接触轨道，并且最后将已知的负载施加到轨道。然后将测试轮动态制动，将测试轮减慢到爬电距离。然后，自动三角计算器可以计算轨道的摩擦系数。

90. 发明授权

US06189394B1 On-line power sliding door test method 失效
标题翻译：在线动力滑门测试方法
公开(公告)号：US06189394B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-20
申请号：US09347886
申请日：1999-07-06
申请人： Brian Kenneth Sullivan , Robert Edward Kosior , Grace Ann Chamberlain
发明人： Brian Kenneth Sullivan , Robert Edward Kosior , Grace Ann Chamberlain
IPC分类号： G01N1900
CPC分类号： G01N19/02 , E05B81/20 , E05F15/646 , E05Y2900/531 , G01N2033/0083 , G05B2219/37627 , G05B2219/43071 , G05B2219/43073 , G05B2219/45242 , Y10T70/5173
摘要： An in-line testing method for non-intrusively testing the force required to complete the closure of a power assisted sliding door assembly onto a door opening having resistance seals, comprising: (a) providing a door switch and a timing device within the power assist sliding door assembly to at least measure the time lapse from a door ajar position to a door locked position; and (b) if the time lapse is slower than a pattern time lapse for a model assembly of the same door known to be properly fitted, adjusting the door ajar gap in the test assembly to reduce the force required to achieve a door locked position.
摘要翻译：一种在线测试方法，用于非侵入性地测试完成将电动辅助滑动门组件关闭到具有电阻密封件的门开口上所需的力，包括：（a）在动力辅助下提供门开关和定时装置滑动门组件至少测量从门开启位置到门锁定位置的时间流逝; 和（b）如果时间流逝比已知适当安装的同一个门的模型组合的模式时间流逝慢，则调整测试组件中的门的空隙以减小实现门锁定位置所需的力。

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