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    • 81. 发明授权
    • DDI pacing with PVC-protected hysteresis and automatic AV interval
adjustment
    • DDI起搏带有PVC保护滞后和自动AV间隔调整
    • US5417714A
    • 1995-05-23
    • US60765
    • 1993-05-11
    • Paul A. LevineMalcolm ClarkeJohn W. PooreJason A. Sholder
    • Paul A. LevineMalcolm ClarkeJohn W. PooreJason A. Sholder
    • A61N1/365A61N1/362A61N1/368A61N1/36
    • A61N1/368A61N1/3622A61N1/3682
    • A dual-chamber pacemaker provides DDI pacing with PVC-protected hysteresis and automatic AV interval adjustment. An extended hysteresis atrial escape interval (AEI.sub.H) is invoked in response to the occurrence of either an atrial paced event followed by a sensed R-wave (an AR event), or an atrial sensed event followed by a sensed R-wave (a PR event). The occurrence of a premature ventricular contraction (PVC) thus does not trigger AEI.sub.H. In one embodiment, AEI.sub.H is not invoked unless the sensed AR or PR interval exceeds a prescribed reference interval. In a further embodiment, the AV interval (AVI) associated with the DDI operation is automatically shortened following an atrial stimulation pulse (A-pulse) delivered upon the timing-out of the AEI.sub.H. The shortened AVI is maintained for a programmed number of cycles of DDI operation, after which a lengthened AVI is reestablished for one cycle. If AV pacing follows after using the lengthened AVI, then the shortened AVI is reinstated for a second number of programmed cycles of DDI operation. If AR pacing follows after using the lengthened AVI, signifying intact AV nodal conduction, then the AVI is lengthened to the programmed AVI over a prescribed number of cycles.
    • 双室心脏起搏器为DDI起搏提供PVC保护的滞后和自动AV间隔调整。 响应于发生心房起搏事件,随后是感测到的R波(AR事件)或心房感测事件,随后是感测的R波(PR),调节延长的心房逸出间隔时间(AEIH) 事件)。 因此早期心室收缩(PVC)的发生不会引发AEIH。 在一个实施例中,除非感测到的AR或PR间隔超过规定的参考间隔,否则AEIH不被调用。 在另一个实施例中,在AEIH超时之后递送的心房刺激脉冲(A脉冲)之后,与DDI操作相关联的AV间隔(AVI)自动缩短。 缩短的AVI维持编程的DDI操作周期数,之后延长的AVI重新建立一个周期。 如果在使用延长的AVI之后进行AV起搏,则缩短的AVI将恢复DDI操作的第二个编程周期数。 如果在使用延长的AVI后进行AR起搏,则表示完整的AV节点传导,则AVI在规定数量的周期内延长到编程的AVI。
    • 83. 发明授权
    • Implantable cardiac device providing AV interval hysteresis to promote intrinsic conduction while providing PMT avoidance and method
    • 植入式心脏装置提供AV间隔滞后,以提供内在传导,同时提供PMT回避和方法
    • US07986993B1
    • 2011-07-26
    • US11769602
    • 2007-06-27
    • Paul A. Levine
    • Paul A. Levine
    • A61N1/18
    • A61N1/37A61N1/3622A61N1/3682
    • An implantable cardiac stimulation device provides AV interval hysteresis to promote intrinsic conduction while providing PMT avoidance. The device comprises a pulse generator that provides atrial and ventricular pacing stimulation pulses on demand separated by an AV interval, an AV hysteresis circuit that extends the AV interval from a base AV interval to an extended AV interval to promote intrinsic heart activity, and a refractory circuit that establishes a PVARP following each provided ventricular pacing pulse including a lengthened PVARP longer in duration than a normal PVARP responsive to the AV hysteresis circuit extending the AV interval from the base AV interval to the extended AV interval.
    • 植入式心脏刺激装置提供AV间隔滞后以促进固有传导,同时提供PMT避免。 所述装置包括:脉冲发生器,其根据需要由AV间隔分开提供心房和心室起搏刺激脉冲; AV滞后电路,其将AV间隔从基本AV间隔延伸到延伸的AV间隔以促进内在的心脏活动;以及耐火材料 电路,其在每个提供的心室起搏脉冲之后建立PVARP,其包括延长的PVARP,其持续时间长于正常PVARP,所述PVARP响应于将AV间隔从基本AV间隔延伸到扩展AV间隔的AV滞后电路。
    • 85. 发明申请
    • IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICE FOR IDENTIFYING AND MANAGING INTRINSIC REENTRANT TACHYCARDIA
    • 用于识别和管理内在感染的TACHYCARDIA的可植入医疗装置
    • US20090005828A1
    • 2009-01-01
    • US12144351
    • 2008-06-23
    • Paul A. Levine
    • Paul A. Levine
    • A61N1/365
    • A61N1/3622A61N1/3956
    • An implantable medical device is provided that comprises a pulse generator that provides atrial and ventricular pacing pulses on demand. The pulse generator times delivery of the ventricular pacing pulses based on an AV pacing interval. The device also includes an AV hysteresis module that extends the AV interval from a base AV interval to an extended AV interval to promote intrinsic heart activity. A refractory module establishes a PVARP interval equal to base PVARP interval following at least one of the ventricular pacing pulses. The refractory module lengthens the PVARP interval by adding a PVARP extension to a base PVARP interval to provide an extended PVARP interval. The device further includes a reentrant conduction detector that identifies an intrinsic reentrant tachycardia having a retrograde P wave occurring during the PVARP extension, based on one or more of i) a retrograde P wave, ii) intrinsic R waves sensed over N cardiac cycles at an R to R interval above a rate threshold and iii) one or more of PR and RP intervals that exceed PR and RP thresholds.
    • 提供了一种植入式医疗装置,其包括根据需要提供心房和心室起搏脉冲的脉冲发生器。 脉冲发生器根据AV起搏间隔来递送心室起搏脉冲。 该装置还包括AV滞后模块,其将AV间隔从基本AV间隔延伸到扩展AV间隔以促进内在心脏活动。 耐火模块建立等于心室起搏脉冲之后的至少一个的PVARP间隔的PVARP间隔。 耐火模块通过将PVARP扩展添加到基本PVARP间隔来延长PVARP间隔,以提供扩展的PVARP间隔。 该装置还包括可重入传导检测器,其基于i)逆行P波中的一个或多个来识别具有在PVARP延伸期间发生的逆行P波的本征性重入性心动过速,ii)在N个心动周期中感测到的内在R波, R到R间隔高于速率阈值,以及iii)超过PR和RP阈值的PR和RP间隔中的一个或多个。
    • 87. 发明授权
    • System and method for determining optimal atrioventricular delay based on intrinsic conduction delays
    • 基于内在传导延迟确定最佳房室延迟的系统和方法
    • US07248925B2
    • 2007-07-24
    • US10928586
    • 2004-08-27
    • Ken BruhnsXiaoyi MinPaul A. LevineEuljoon Park
    • Ken BruhnsXiaoyi MinPaul A. LevineEuljoon Park
    • A61N1/36
    • A61N1/3627A61N1/3682
    • A system and method for estimating optimal atrioventricular delay values for use in pacing the ventricles. Both the intrinsic inter-atrial conduction delay and the intrinsic atrioventricular conduction delay are determined for the patient and then the preferred atrioventricular pacing delay is derived therefrom. By taking into account intrinsic inter-atrial delay along with intrinsic atrioventricular delay, a more reliable estimate of the true optimal atrioventricular delay values for the patient can be achieved than with techniques that only take into account intrinsic atrioventricular delay values. In one example, the technique uses intracardiac electrogram (IEGM) signals and surface electrocardiogram (EKG) signals and hence can be performed by an external programmer without requiring Doppler echocardiography or other cardiac performance monitoring techniques. In another example, wherein the implanted device is equipped with a coronary sinus lead, the technique uses only IEGM signals and hence can be performed by the device itself.
    • 用于估计用于起搏心室的最佳房室延迟值的系统和方法。 对于患者确定内在的心房传导延迟和内在的房室传导延迟,然后从其导出优选的房室起搏延迟。 通过考虑内在的心房延迟以及内在的房室延迟,可以实现比仅考虑内在房室延迟值的技术更可靠的估计患者的真正最佳房室延迟值。 在一个示例中,该技术使用心内电描记图(IEGM)信号和表面心电图(EKG)信号,因此可以由外部编程器执行,而不需要多普勒超声心动图或其他心脏监测技术。 在另一示例中,其中植入的装置配备有冠状窦引线,该技术仅使用IEGM信号,因此可以由装置本身执行。
    • 88. 发明授权
    • System and method for providing preventive overdrive pacing and antitachycardia pacing using an implantable cardiac stimulation device
    • 使用可植入心脏刺激装置提供预防性超速起搏和抗心动过速起搏的系统和方法
    • US07225020B1
    • 2007-05-29
    • US10657963
    • 2003-09-08
    • Mark W. KrollEric FalkenbergPaul A. Levine
    • Mark W. KrollEric FalkenbergPaul A. Levine
    • A61N1/05
    • A61N1/3622A61N1/3627A61N1/3682A61N1/3714A61N1/3956A61N2001/0585
    • Techniques for enabling both preventive overdrive pacing and antitachycardia pacing (ATP) within an implantable device are provided. The device gains the benefits of overdrive pacing for preventing the onset of a tachycardia and, if one nevertheless occurs, ATP is employed to terminate the tachycardia. In particular, a technique is provided for promptly detecting the onset of atrial tachycardia during preventive overdrive pacing based on loss of capture of atrial pacing pulses. A technique is also provided for using detection of loss of capture of atrial or ventricular pacing pulses to trigger automatic switching from overdrive pacing to ATP. A setup technique determines whether to enable the automatic switching from overdrive pacing to ATP within a particular patient. Also, techniques are provided for verifying loss of capture of atrial or ventricular backup pacing pulses and for detecting low amplitude ventricular fibrillation based on loss of capture of ventricular backup pacing pulses.
    • 提供了在植入式装置内实现预防性超速起搏和抗心动过速起搏(ATP)的技术。 该装置获得超速起搏的好处,以防止心动过速的发作,并且如果仍然发生,则使用ATP来终止心动过速。 特别地,提供了一种技术,用于基于心房起搏脉冲的捕获损失,在预防性超速起搏中及时检测心房心动过速的发生。 还提供了一种技术,用于检测心房或心室起搏脉冲的捕获损失,以触发从过速起搏到ATP的自动切换。 设置技术确定是否启用在特定患者内从过速起搏到ATP的自动切换。 此外,提供了用于验证心房或心室起搏脉冲的捕获损失的技术,并且用于基于心室起搏脉冲捕获的丧失来检测低振幅心室颤动。