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71. 发明授权

US07819868B2 Ablation catheter with fluid distribution structures 有权
标题翻译：消融导管与流体分布结构
公开(公告)号：US07819868B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-26
申请号：US11158944
申请日：2005-06-21
申请人： Hong Cao , Chou Thao , Kedar R. Belhe , Saurav Paul , Todd Stangenes
发明人： Hong Cao , Chou Thao , Kedar R. Belhe , Saurav Paul , Todd Stangenes
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B2018/00375 , A61B2018/1472
摘要： An ablation catheter has improved fluid distribution structures. An ablation section at a distal end of the catheter is designed to provide a more uniform fluid flow emanating from the catheter. By creating a uniform fluid flow, a more uniform tissue lesion results and the possibility of charring the tissue is reduced. A combination of mesh material layers, porous materials, and dispersion channels or openings are used to achieve the uniform flow. The amount of fluid used as a virtual electrode to ablate the tissue is greatly reduced with the present invention. Further, the catheter may be used to create a single, uniform linear lesion by successive application of energy to adjacent portions of the ablation section, thus reducing the power required to create the desired lesion.
摘要翻译：消融导管具有改善的流体分布结构。在导管的远端处的消融部分被设计成提供从导管发出的更均匀的流体流动。通过产生均匀的流体流动，会产生更均匀的组织损伤，并且减少了烧结组织的可能性。使用网状材料层，多孔材料和分散通道或开口的组合来实现均匀的流动。用于消除组织的虚拟电极的流体的量通过本发明大大减少。此外，导管可用于通过将能量连续施加到消融部分的相邻部分来产生单一的均匀的线性损伤，从而减少产生所需损伤所需的功率。

72. 发明申请

US20090158852A1 Contact Sensing Flexible Conductive Polymer Electrode 有权
标题翻译：接触感应柔性导电聚合物电极
公开(公告)号：US20090158852A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-25
申请号：US11963321
申请日：2007-12-21
申请人： Saurav Paul , Chou Thao , Troy T. Tegg
发明人： Saurav Paul , Chou Thao , Troy T. Tegg
IPC分类号： G01L9/00 , H01S4/00
CPC分类号： G01L1/16 , A61B5/042 , A61B5/6885 , G01L5/0038 , Y10T29/49002
摘要： A contact sensing catheter system includes a catheter shaft having a distal end; a flexible conductive polymer electrode located at the distal end of the shaft; and an electromechanical contact sensor positioned at least partially within the electrode. The sensor outputs an electrical signal in response to a mechanical force acting thereon. The sensor may be a piezoelectric sensor, a strain gauge, a fiber optic sensor, or another suitable electromechanical contact sensor. The electrical signal output by the sensor typically varies in response to variations in the mechanical force acting on the sensor. An output device may receive the signal output by the contact sensor and present to a user of the system an indicator of contact between the electrode and a tissue by assessing, for example, the amplitude or periodicity of the signal.
摘要翻译：接触感测导管系统包括具有远端的导管轴; 位于所述轴的远端的柔性导电聚合物电极; 以及至少部分地位于电极内的机电接触传感器。传感器响应于作用在其上的机械力而输出电信号。传感器可以是压电传感器，应变计，光纤传感器或另一适合的机电接触传感器。由传感器输出的电信号通常响应于作用在传感器上的机械力的变化而变化。输出装置可以接收由接触传感器输出的信号，并通过评估例如信号的幅度或周期性向系统的用户呈现电极和组织之间的接触的指示。

73. 发明申请

US20050267332A1 Spring-tip, flexible electrode catheter for tissue ablation 有权
标题翻译：弹簧尖端，柔性电极导管用于组织消融
公开(公告)号：US20050267332A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-01
申请号：US10856904
申请日：2004-05-27
申请人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , John Roop , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , John Roop , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/14 , A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B2018/143 , A61B2018/1435
摘要： A spring-tip, flexible electrode, and a method for using that electrode for tissue ablation, are disclosed. The spring-tip, flexible electrode comprises an enshrouded flexible electrode (e.g., an enshrouded plurality of flexible brush filaments or bristles) for applying ablative energy (e.g., RF energy) to target tissue during the formation of spot or continuous linear lesions. The spring of the spring tip may comprise compressible coils, compressible mesh, or compressible bellows, among other things. The spring provides axial suspension and is capable of axial compression and extension, and is flexible enough for deflection and bending. The axial suspension of the spring tip facilitates the desired contact between the electrode and the tissue surface. A shielded, spring-tip, flexible electrode is also disclosed, and includes a flexible nipple or shield. The spring-tip, flexible electrode facilitates enhanced tissue contact in difficult environments (e.g., during ablation of a contoured or trabeculated surface inside a beating heart) since the flexible electrode readily conforms to surface contours while the bending stress of the spring enhances the contract pressure on the tissue.
摘要翻译：公开了一种弹簧尖端，柔性电极和用于组织消融使用该电极的方法。弹簧尖端的柔性电极包括用于在形成斑点或连续的线性损伤期间向目标组织施加消融能量（例如，RF能量）的带有屏蔽的柔性电极（例如，被包围的多个柔性刷丝或刷毛）。弹簧尖端的弹簧可以包括可压缩线圈，可压缩网或可压缩波纹管等等。弹簧提供轴向悬挂并且能够轴向压缩和伸展，并且具有足够的挠性和弯曲性。弹簧顶端的轴向悬挂有助于电极和组织表面之间的所需接触。还公开了屏蔽的弹簧尖端柔性电极，并且包括柔性接头或屏蔽。弹簧尖端的柔性电极有助于在困难的环境中（例如在跳动心脏内的轮廓或小梁表面的消融期间）增强组织接触，因为柔性电极容易符合表面轮廓，同时弹簧的弯曲应力增加了收缩压力在纸巾上。

74. 发明授权

US10085798B2 Ablation electrode with tactile sensor 有权
公开(公告)号：US10085798B2
公开(公告)日：2018-10-02
申请号：US11647279
申请日：2006-12-29
申请人： Hong Cao , Chou Thao , Saurav Paul
发明人： Hong Cao , Chou Thao , Saurav Paul
IPC分类号： A61B18/14 , A61B90/00
摘要： A catheter assembly for assessing contact between the catheter assembly and tissue is disclosed. The assembly includes a catheter shaft and a pressure sensitive conductive composite member whose electrical resistance varies with pressure applied to the catheter assembly. The assembly also includes at least one measurement terminal to permit the measurement of changes in the electrical characteristics of the pressure sensitive conductive composite member. The assembly may optionally include a measurement device to measure resistance, impedance and/or other electrical characteristics. The assembly may utilize a reference electrode secured to the patient's tissue, which permits the measurement device to measure changes between the reference electrode and the at least one measurement terminal. Optionally, the assembly may include a conductive outer layer. Also disclosed are sensor assemblies, contact sensor, methods of contact sensing, and methods of manufacturing relating to the use of pressure sensitive conductive composites.

75. 发明授权

US08226648B2 Pressure-sensitive flexible polymer bipolar electrode 有权
标题翻译：压敏柔性聚合物双极电极
公开(公告)号：US08226648B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-24
申请号：US11968044
申请日：2007-12-31
申请人： Saurav Paul , Harry Puryear , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Harry Puryear , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B18/1206 , A61B2018/00023 , A61B2018/00577 , A61B2018/00875
摘要： The present invention is directed to bipolar ablation systems. A bipolar electrode system for ablation therapy is disclosed, including a pressure-sensitive conducting composite layer and a pair of electrodes in electrical conductive contact or communication with the pressure-sensitive conducting composite layer. Energy (e.g., ablation energy) is delivered via the pressure-sensitive conductive composition when sufficient pressure is applied to transform the pressure-sensitive conductive composite to an electrical conductor. An electrically insulative flexible layer, which may include a passageway for a fill material is also disclosed. In some embodiments, the systems can also be used for targeted delivery of compounds, such as drugs, using a bipolar electrode.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及双相消融系统。公开了一种用于消融治疗的双极电极系统，包括压敏导电复合层和一对导电接触或与压敏导电复合层连通的电极。当施加足够的压力以将压敏导电复合材料转变成电导体时，能量（例如，消融能量）经由压敏导电组合物递送。还公开了可以包括用于填充材料的通道的电绝缘柔性层。在一些实施方案中，所述系统也可用于使用双极电极靶向递送化合物，例如药物。

76. 发明申请

US20070106291A1 Tissue Contact And Thermal Assessment For Brush Electrodes 有权
标题翻译：刷电极组织接触和热评估
公开(公告)号：US20070106291A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-10
申请号：US11617397
申请日：2006-12-28
申请人： Chou Thao , Hong Cao , Saurav Paul
发明人： Chou Thao , Hong Cao , Saurav Paul
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/14 , A61B18/1492 , A61B2018/00351 , A61B2018/143 , A61B2090/065
摘要： System and methods are disclosed for tissue contact and thermal assessment, e.g. for tissue ablation procedures. An exemplary brush electrode comprises a plurality of flexible filaments adapted to transfer electrical energy to a tissue. At least one piezoelectric sensor is embedded among the plurality of flexible filaments. The at least one piezoelectric sensor is responsive to contact stress of the flexible filaments by generating electrical signals corresponding to the amount of contact stress. An output device is electrically connected to the at least one piezoelectric sensor. The output device receives the electrical signal for assessing tissue contact by the flexible filaments. The brush electrode may further comprise a sensing device mounted adjacent the at least one piezoelectric sensor, wherein the sensing device is a pressure sensor, a thermistor, a thermocouple, or an ultrasound sensor.
摘要翻译：公开了用于组织接触和热评估的系统和方法，例如。用于组织消融手术。示例性的刷电极包括适于将电能转移到组织的多个柔性细丝。至少一个压电传感器被嵌入在多个柔性长丝中。至少一个压电传感器通过产生对应于接触应力量的电信号来响应柔性细丝的接触应力。输出装置电连接至至少一个压电传感器。输出装置接收用于评估柔性细丝组织接触的电信号。刷电极还可以包括邻近于至少一个压电传感器安装的感测装置，其中感测装置是压力传感器，热敏电阻，热电偶或超声传感器。

77. 发明授权

US09918788B2 Electrogram-based ablation control 有权
公开(公告)号：US09918788B2
公开(公告)日：2018-03-20
申请号：US13665287
申请日：2012-10-31
申请人： Saurav Paul , Charles Bryan Byrd , James Holte , Mick Kuehn , Troy Tegg , Yitzhak Shai , Robert Pacheco , Matt Pasvogel
发明人： Saurav Paul , Charles Bryan Byrd , James Holte , Mick Kuehn , Troy Tegg , Yitzhak Shai , Robert Pacheco , Matt Pasvogel
IPC分类号： A61B18/12 , A61B18/14 , A61B34/20 , A61B18/00 , A61B34/30
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B34/20 , A61B2018/00351 , A61B2018/00648 , A61B2018/00666 , A61B2018/00839 , A61B2034/2051 , A61B2034/301
摘要： Methods, devices, and systems for predicting, diagnosing, and preventing adverse events during an ablation procedure are described. A method for providing ablation energy includes receiving a first signal based on biological activity of a tissue of a patient. The method further includes analyzing the first signal to yield a first data set, establishing a threshold parameter according to the first data set, and providing ablation energy for the ablation of a biological site.

78. 发明授权

US09877781B2 Electrode catheter device with indifferent electrode for direct current tissue therapies 有权
公开(公告)号：US09877781B2
公开(公告)日：2018-01-30
申请号：US13885776
申请日：2011-11-18
申请人： Martin M. Grasse , Richard E. Stehr , Israel A. Byrd , Lynn E. Gilmour , D. Curtis Deno , Troy T. Tegg , James V. Kauphusman , Saurav Paul , Jeffrey A. Schweitzer
发明人： Martin M. Grasse , Richard E. Stehr , Israel A. Byrd , Lynn E. Gilmour , D. Curtis Deno , Troy T. Tegg , James V. Kauphusman , Saurav Paul , Jeffrey A. Schweitzer
IPC分类号： A61N1/00 , A61B5/04 , A61B18/16 , A61B5/042 , A61B18/14 , A61B18/00 , A61M25/01 , A61M25/06
CPC分类号： A61B18/16 , A61B5/042 , A61B18/1492 , A61B2018/00357 , A61B2018/00613 , A61B2018/00791 , A61B2018/1435 , A61B2018/162 , A61M25/0147 , A61M2025/0681
摘要： An electrode catheter device with indifferent electrode for direct current tissue therapies is disclosed. An example of the catheter device has a flexible tubing with at least one ablation electrode. The catheter device also may also be used with a sheath for introducing the flexible tubing inside a patient's body. An indifferent electrode on the sheath can provide a ground for a direct current (DC) pulse to deliver electrical energy and create an electrical field adjacent a tissue. Various other embodiments are also disclosed.

79. 发明申请

US20130261491A1 Anatomical thermal sensing device and method 有权
公开(公告)号：US20130261491A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-03
申请号：US13777556
申请日：2013-02-26
申请人： Saurav Paul , Todd R. Stangenes , Riki Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Todd R. Stangenes , Riki Thao
IPC分类号： A61B5/01
CPC分类号： A61B18/1402 , A61B5/01 , A61B5/015 , A61B5/053 , A61B5/6852 , A61B5/6885 , A61B2562/0271
摘要： A medical device utilizing temperature sensing to identify or assess anatomical bodies or structures includes an elongate tubular member, at least one electrode, a thermal sensor, and a temperature response assessment system or component. The at least one electrode may be connected to the distal portion of the elongate tubular member, and the one or more electrode can be configured to provide energy or heat to a portion of an anatomical body or structure. The thermal sensor may be configured to measure the thermal response of the portion of an anatomical body or structure, e.g., tissue or blood pools. The temperature response assessment system or component can be coupled to the thermal sensor. In embodiments, the device may include a lumen and port opening, which may accommodate a tool, such as a needle. Methods for using temperature sensing to identify an anatomical body or structure are also disclosed.

80. 发明申请

US20130131669A1 Accelerometer-based contact sensing assembly and system 有权
公开(公告)号：US20130131669A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-23
申请号：US13740624
申请日：2013-01-14
申请人： Troy T. Tegg , Saurav Paul
发明人： Troy T. Tegg , Saurav Paul
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61M25/0054 , A61B5/067 , A61B2034/2048 , A61B2562/0219 , A61M25/00 , A61M2025/0166 , A61N1/36542 , A61N1/36578
摘要： A catheter system including an accelerometer-based sensing assembly is provided. In particular the present teachings relate to an accelerometer based assembly used to determine contact between a catheter and surrounding proximate tissue, such as cardiac tissue. An embodiment of such a system may, for example, be used for visualization, mapping, ablation, or other methods of diagnosis and treatment of tissue and/or surrounding areas.

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