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    • 77. 发明授权
    • Optical beam homogenizing apparatus and method
    • 光束均化装置及方法
    • US5548444A
    • 1996-08-20
    • US271029
    • 1994-07-06
    • Joseph L. McLaughlinMark R. FernaldKenneth J. Harte
    • Joseph L. McLaughlinMark R. FernaldKenneth J. Harte
    • G02B27/09G02B27/12
    • G02B27/0972G02B27/09G02B27/0905
    • An optical beam homogenizer includes an entrance pupil through which a non-uniform optical beam propagates. A first optical component having plural flat surfaces receives the input beam. The flat surfaces of the first optical component effectively segment the entrance pupil by dividing the input beam into plural beamlets, one beamlet for each pupil segment and flat surface. The beamlets are received by a second optical component which also has multiple flat surfaces, each flat surface receiving a beamlet. The second optical component directs the beamlets toward each other such that they overlap at an exit pupil of the system. The second optical component also focuses the beamlets such that an image of each entrance pupil segment is formed at the exit pupil. The images of the individual entrance pupil segments are superimposed upon each other at the exit pupil to form a uniform optical output beam.
    • 光束均化器包括入射光瞳,非均匀光束通过入射光瞳传播。 具有多个平面的第一光学部件接收输入光束。 第一光学部件的平坦表面通过将输入光束分成多个子束,对于每个瞳孔部分和平坦表面来有效地分割入射光瞳。 子束由也具有多个平坦表面的第二光学部件接收,每个平坦表面接收子束。 第二光学部件将子束朝向彼此引导,使得它们在系统的出射光瞳处重叠。 第二光学部件还聚焦子束,使得在出射光瞳处形成每个入射光瞳段的图像。 各个入射光瞳段的图像在出射光瞳处彼此重叠以形成均匀的光输出光束。
    • 78. 发明授权
    • Optical fiber grating based sensor
    • 基于光纤光栅的传感器
    • US5394488A
    • 1995-02-28
    • US159876
    • 1993-11-30
    • Mark R. FernaldBruce D. Hockaday
    • Mark R. FernaldBruce D. Hockaday
    • G01H9/00G02F1/095G02F1/09
    • G02F1/095G01H9/004G02F2201/307
    • An optical speed sensor includes a laser diode 10 that provides a broadband source light 12 to a coupler 18 which provides a source light 22 to a fiber Bragg grating 26 which reflects a first reflection wavelength of light 28 and passes the remainder as a light 30. The light 30 is incident on another fiber Bragg grating 32 which reflects a second reflection wavelength of light 34. The power of an output signal 40 is indicative of the reflected light beams 34,28, and is measured by a photodetector 46. The gratings 26,32 are mounted on a magnetostrictive material 60 which is connected to a permanent magnet 62 which is connected to a material 70 which conducts magnetic fields. The material 60 expands and contracts in response to the strength of magnetic fields therein. The reflection wavelengths for both gratings 26,32 are the same when the tooth 100 is not nearby, thereby causing the output signal 40 to be primarily equal to the reflected light 28. However, when the tooth 100 is nearby, the material 60 and the grating 32 expands causing the reflection wavelengths to separate, thereby causing the power of the output signal 40 to increase. Because both gratings 26,32 are on the same material thermal expansions will have no effect on the sensor measurement. Alternatively, one of the gratings 26,32 may be mounted to the material 70 or the magnet 62. The detection may performed in either reflection or transmission mode.
    • 光学速度传感器包括激光二极管10,激光二极管10向耦合器18提供宽带源光12,耦合器18将光源22提供给反射光28的第一反射波长的光纤布拉格光栅26,并将其余部分作为光30传递。 光30入射到反射光34的第二反射波长的另一个光纤布拉格光栅32上。输出信号40的功率表示反射光束34,28,并由光电检测器46测量。光栅26 ,32安装在磁致伸缩材料60上,磁致伸缩材料60连接到永磁体62,永磁体62连接到传导磁场的材料70。 材料60响应于其中的磁场的强度而膨胀和收缩。 当齿100不在附近时,两个光栅26,32的反射波长相同,从而使得输出信号40主要等于反射光28.然而,当齿100在附近时,材料60和 光栅32膨胀,导致反射波长分离,从而导致输出信号40的功率增加。 因为两个光栅26,32处于相同的材料上,热膨胀将对传感器测量没有影响。 或者,光栅26,32中的一个可以安装到材料70或磁体62上。检测可以以反射或透射模式进行。