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71. 发明授权

US5223117A Two-terminal voltammetric microsensors 失效
标题翻译：两端电压显微镜
公开(公告)号：US5223117A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-29
申请号：US695254
申请日：1991-05-03
申请人： Mark S. Wrighton , James J. Hickman , Paul E. Laibinis , David Ofer , Chad A. Mirkin , James R. Valentine , George M. Whitesides
发明人： Mark S. Wrighton , James J. Hickman , Paul E. Laibinis , David Ofer , Chad A. Mirkin , James R. Valentine , George M. Whitesides
IPC分类号： G01N27/416
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , B82Y15/00 , G01N27/3277
摘要： Self-assembly of a chemically insensitive redox material, such as ferrocenyl thiol, and a chemically sensitive redox material, such as a quinone thiol, onto microelectrodes forms the basis for a two-terminal, voltammetric microsensor having reference and sensor functions on the same electrode. Detection is based on measuring the potential difference of current peaks for oxidation and reduction of the reference (ferrocene) and indicator (quinone) in aqueous electrolyte in a two-terminal, linear sweep voltammogram using a counterelectrode of relatively large surface area. Use of microelectrodes modified with monolayer coverages of reference and indicator molecules minimizes the size of the counterelectrode and the perturbation of the solution interrogated. Key advantages are that the sensor requires no separate reference electrode and the sensor functions as long as current peaks can be located for reference and indicator molecules.
摘要翻译：化学不敏感的氧化还原材料（例如二茂铁基硫醇）和化学敏感的氧化还原材料（例如醌硫醇）自组装到微电极上形成了在相同电极上具有参考和传感器功能的两端伏安微传感器的基础。检测是基于使用相对较大的表面积的反电极测量在两端线性扫描伏安图中的水性电解质中氧化和还原参考（二茂铁）和指示剂（醌）的电流峰的潜在差异。使用用参考和指示剂分子的单层覆盖物修饰的微电极最小化了反电极的尺寸和被询问的溶液的扰动。主要优点是传感器不需要单独的参比电极，传感器的作用只要能够为参考和指示剂分子定位电流峰值。

72. 发明授权

US5212235A Hydrophobically modified proteins 失效
标题翻译：疏水改性蛋白
公开(公告)号：US5212235A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-18
申请号：US634369
申请日：1990-12-27
申请人： Eirik Nestaas , Kevin R. Hrebenar , Jerome M. Lewis , George M. Whitesides
发明人： Eirik Nestaas , Kevin R. Hrebenar , Jerome M. Lewis , George M. Whitesides
IPC分类号： C07K1/107 , C07K14/47
CPC分类号： C07K1/1077 , C07K14/4732
摘要： This invention relates to the production of oil-in-water emulsifiers and emulsion stabilizers. More particularly, this invention relates to methods for the production of novel hydrophobically modified proteins which may be used as emulsifiers or to stabilize emulsions.This invention also relates to products incorporating these hydrophobically modified protein emulsifiers and emulsion stabilizers. These compounds may be used in many applications such as paints, dyes and cosmetics.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及水包油乳化剂和乳液稳定剂的生产。更具体地说，本发明涉及生产可用作乳化剂或稳定乳剂的新的疏水改性蛋白质的方法。本发明还涉及结合这些疏水改性的蛋白质乳化剂和乳液稳定剂的产品。这些化合物可用于许多应用中，例如油漆，染料和化妆品。

73. 发明授权

US4814469A Novel hydroperoxide and use of same as intermediate for the preparation of 3a,6,69a-tetramethylperhydronaphtho[2,1-b]furan 失效
标题翻译：新型氢过氧化物及其与制备3a，6,69a-四氢呋喃并[2,1-b]呋喃的中间体的用途
公开(公告)号：US4814469A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-21
申请号：US116082
申请日：1987-11-03
申请人： George M. Whitesides , Rene Decorzant , Ferdinand Naef
发明人： George M. Whitesides , Rene Decorzant , Ferdinand Naef
IPC分类号： C07C409/06 , C07D307/92 , C07D307/77
CPC分类号： C07D307/92 , C07C407/00 , C07C409/06 , C07C2102/28
摘要： Novel hydroperoxide of formula ##STR1## and use of same as intermediate for the preparation of 3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylperhydronaphtho[2,1-b]furan, also known as AMBROX (registered tradename of FIRMENICH SA, Geneva/Switzerland).Process for its preparation via an oxidation of sclareol by means of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an acidic agent.
摘要翻译：式（Ⅰ）的新型氢过氧化物，以及用于制备3a,6,6,9a-四氢呋喃并[2,1-b]呋喃的中间体的用途，也被称为AMBROX（日本的FIRMENICH SA的注册商标 /瑞士）。通过在酸性剂的存在下通过过氧化氢使香紫苏醇氧化制备的方法。

74. 发明授权

US4478762A Process for the preparation of the potassium salt of phosphoenolpyruvic acid 失效
标题翻译：制备磷酸烯醇丙酮酸钾盐的方法
公开(公告)号：US4478762A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-23
申请号：US416391
申请日：1982-03-30
申请人： George M. Whitesides , Bernard L. Hirschbein , Francois P. Mazenod
发明人： George M. Whitesides , Bernard L. Hirschbein , Francois P. Mazenod
IPC分类号： C07F9/09 , C07F9/113 , C07F9/40
CPC分类号： C07F9/113
摘要： The potassium salt of phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP-K), used as a phosphorylation agent particularly in enzymatic reactions, is prepared by a process which consists of two steps, namely the treatment of a halopyruvic acid with a trialkyl phosphite and the hydrolysis of the dialkyl phosphate of enolpyruvic acid thus formed in an aqueous medium and in the presence of potassium hydroxide.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US82 / 00402 Sec。 1982年8月30日 102（e）1982年8月30日PCT PCT 1982年3月29日PCT公布。出版物WO83 / 0341200 日期：1983年10月13日。特别是在酶反应中用作磷酸化剂的磷酸烯醇丙酮酸（PEP-K）的钾盐是由两个步骤组成的方法制备的，即将二氯烷基与三烷基亚磷酸盐和在水性介质中和在氢氧化钾存在下形成的烯醇式丙酮酸的磷酸二烷基酯的水解。

75. 发明授权

US09499813B2 Systems and methods for amplification and phage display 有权
标题翻译：用于扩增和噬菌体展示的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US09499813B2
公开(公告)日：2016-11-22
申请号：US13702603
申请日：2011-06-10
申请人： Ratmir Derda , Sindy K. Y. Tang , George M. Whitesides
发明人： Ratmir Derda , Sindy K. Y. Tang , George M. Whitesides
IPC分类号： C12N15/10 , C40B40/02 , C40B50/06
CPC分类号： C12N15/1037 , C40B40/02 , C40B50/06
摘要： Embodiments of various aspects described herein are directed to amplification of biological entities, for example, for phage display. In one aspect, members of a library of biological entities are encapsulated in separate compartments (e.g., in separate microfluidic droplets) and amplified. For example, by putting members of a phage display library into microfluidic droplets such that no droplet contains more than one member of the library, the library can be amplified without any substantial changes in population distributions, or other artifacts created due to differences in growth rates or amplification between different members of the library. In some cases, the volume of the compartments can be used to control the copy number of a biological entity during amplification. This can be advantageous, for example, in preserving diversity within a library by preventing rapidly amplifying biological entities from outcompeting slowly amplifying biological entities.
摘要翻译：本文描述的各个方面的实施方案涉及生物实体的扩增，例如用于噬菌体展示。在一个方面，生物实体文库的成员被包封在分离的隔室中（例如，在单独的微流体液滴中）并被扩增。例如，通过将噬菌体展示文库的成员放入微流体液滴中，使得没有液滴包含多于一个文库的成员，可以扩增文库，而不会由于生长速率差异而产生的群体分布或其他工件的任何实质性变化或在图书馆的不同成员之间进行放大。在一些情况下，隔室的体积可以用于在放大期间控制生物实体的拷贝数。这可能是有利的，例如，通过防止快速扩增生物实体免于超过慢性扩增的生物实体来保存文库内的多样性。

76. 发明授权

US09322804B2 Quality control of diamagnetic materials using magnetic levitation 有权
标题翻译：使用磁悬浮质量控制抗磁材料
公开(公告)号：US09322804B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-26
申请号：US13989725
申请日：2011-11-29
申请人： George M. Whitesides , Audrey Ellerbee , Simon Tricard
发明人： George M. Whitesides , Audrey Ellerbee , Simon Tricard
IPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01R33/1269 , G01R33/1276
摘要： The ability to levitate and detect height and orientation of diamagnetic objects suspended in paramagnetic solutions using an inhomogeneous magnetic field is described. By comparing the measured height and orientation of a sample material with the measured height and orientation of a reference material, quality control of objects can be carried out. The major advantages of this quality control technique are: i) it is a simple apparatus that does not require electric power (a set of permanent magnets and gravity are sufficient for the diamagnetic separation and collection system to work); ii) it is compatible with simple optical detection; iii) it is a cost-effective and simple method that can carry out quality control between sample and reference materials rapidly.
摘要翻译：描述了使用非均匀磁场悬浮和检测悬浮在顺磁性溶液中的抗磁性物体的高度和取向的能力。通过将样品材料的测量高度和取向与测量的参考材料的高度和取向相比较，可以进行物体的质量控制。这种质量控制技术的主要优点是：i）不需要电力的简单设备（一组永磁体和重力足以使反磁性分离和收集系统工作）; ii）与简单的光学检测兼容; iii）可以快速，高效地进行样品和参比物质的质量控制。

77. 发明授权

US09023458B2 Patterning of ionic polymers 有权
标题翻译：离子聚合物图案化
公开(公告)号：US09023458B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-05
申请号：US12311811
申请日：2007-10-18
申请人： Michal Lahav , Adam Winkleman , Max Narovlyansky , Raquel Perez-Castillejos , Emily A. Weiss , Leonard N. J. Rodriguez , George M. Whitesides
发明人： Michal Lahav , Adam Winkleman , Max Narovlyansky , Raquel Perez-Castillejos , Emily A. Weiss , Leonard N. J. Rodriguez , George M. Whitesides
IPC分类号： B32B3/00 , B05D3/06 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y40/00 , G03F7/00
CPC分类号： G03F7/0002 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y40/00 , Y10T428/24479
摘要： In one aspect, methods of patterning of thin films of an ionotropic polymer (e.g., poly(acrylic acid)) are provided. These processes can create micron or sub-micron-scale patterns of ionotropic polymers such as cation crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) (CCL-PAA). In one embodiment, patterning may be performed within microfluidic channels by flowing a solution of crosslinking agent (e.g., metal cations such as Ag+, Ca2+, Pd2+, Al3+, La3+, and Ti4+) that can crosslink a portion of an ionotropic polymer in contact with the solution. In another embodiment, methods of patterning ionotropic polymers involve photolithography. Upon patterning a positive photoresist (e.g., diazonaphthoquinone-novolac resin) on a film of CCL-PAA, the exposed regions of CCL-PAA can be etched by an aqueous solution. Advantageously, the patterned, crosslinked polymer may also serve as both a reactant and a matrix for subsequent chemistry. For example, in some embodiments, the initial crosslinking cation can be exchanged for a second cation that could not be patterned photolithographically. Patterned films of CCL-PAA can also be used to host and template the reduction of metallic cations to metallic nanoparticles, and to fabricate porous, low-k dielectric substrates.
摘要翻译：一方面，提供了离子型聚合物（例如聚（丙烯酸））的薄膜图案化方法。这些方法可以产生离子型聚合物如阳离子交联的聚（丙烯酸）（CCL-PAA）的微米级或亚微米级的图案。在一个实施方案中，可以在微流体通道内通过使交联剂（例如金属阳离子如Ag +，Ca 2+，Pd 2+，Al 3+，La 3+和Ti 4+）的溶液流过微流体通道，所述溶液可以将部分离子型聚合物与解决方案。在另一个实施方案中，构图离子型聚合物的方法涉及光刻。在CCL-PAA膜上形成正性光致抗蚀剂（例如重氮萘酚 - 酚醛清漆树脂）之后，CCL-PAA的暴露区域可以通过水溶液进行蚀刻。有利地，图案化的交联聚合物也可以用作反应物和用于后续化学的基质。例如，在一些实施方案中，可以将初始交联阳离子交换为不能光刻图案化的第二阳离子。 CCL-PAA的图案化膜也可用于将金属阳离子还原为金属纳米颗粒，并制备多孔，低k电介质基底。

78. 发明授权

US08986628B2 Method and apparatus for fluid dispersion 有权
标题翻译：流体分散方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08986628B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-24
申请号：US13679190
申请日：2012-11-16
申请人： Howard A. Stone , Shelley L. Anna , Nathalie Bontoux , Darren Roy Link , David A. Weitz , Irina Gitlin , Eugenia Kumacheva , Piotr Garstecki , Willow R. Diluzio , George M. Whitesides
发明人： Howard A. Stone , Shelley L. Anna , Nathalie Bontoux , Darren Roy Link , David A. Weitz , Irina Gitlin , Eugenia Kumacheva , Piotr Garstecki , Willow R. Diluzio , George M. Whitesides
IPC分类号： B01L3/00 , B01F3/08 , B01F5/06 , B01F13/00 , B05B7/04
CPC分类号： B01L3/5027 , B01F3/0807 , B01F5/0682 , B01F5/0688 , B01F13/0062 , B01F2215/0431 , B01F2215/045 , B05B7/0408 , B05B7/0416 , B05B7/0441 , Y10S516/924 , Y10S516/927 , Y10T29/49002 , Y10T137/0324 , Y10T137/0329 , Y10T137/206 , Y10T137/87346 , Y10T436/2575
摘要： A microfluidic method and device for focusing and/or forming discontinuous sections of similar or dissimilar size in a fluid is provided. The device can be fabricated simply from readily-available, inexpensive material using simple techniques.
摘要翻译：提供了用于在流体中聚焦和/或形成类似或不同尺寸的不连续部分的微流体方法和装置。该装置可以简单地使用简单的技术从容易获得的廉价材料制造。

79. 发明授权

US08921118B2 Paper-based microfluidic systems 有权
标题翻译：纸基微流体系统
公开(公告)号：US08921118B2
公开(公告)日：2014-12-30
申请号：US12934857
申请日：2009-03-27
申请人： Adam C. Siegel , Scott T. Phillips , Michael D. Dickey , Dorota Rozkiewicz , Benjamin Wiley , George M. Whitesides , Andres W. Martinez
发明人： Adam C. Siegel , Scott T. Phillips , Michael D. Dickey , Dorota Rozkiewicz , Benjamin Wiley , George M. Whitesides , Andres W. Martinez
IPC分类号： G01N33/00 , B01L3/00
CPC分类号： B01L3/502707 , B01L2200/027 , B01L2200/0642 , B01L2200/10 , B01L2200/12 , B01L2200/16 , B01L2300/025 , B01L2300/0636 , B01L2300/0645 , B01L2300/0809 , B01L2300/0819 , B01L2300/087 , B01L2300/12 , B01L2300/126 , B01L2300/161 , B01L2300/1827 , B01L2400/0406 , Y10T436/25 , Y10T436/2575
摘要： Paper-based microfluidic systems and methods of making the same are described.
摘要翻译：描述了基于纸的微流体系统及其制备方法。

80. 发明授权

US08628729B2 Three-dimensional microfluidic devices 有权
标题翻译：三维微流体装置
公开(公告)号：US08628729B2
公开(公告)日：2014-01-14
申请号：US12934499
申请日：2009-03-27
申请人： Emanuel Carrilho , Andres W. Martinez , Katherine A. Mirica , Scott T. Phillips , Adam C. Siegel , Benjamin Wiley , George M. Whitesides
发明人： Emanuel Carrilho , Andres W. Martinez , Katherine A. Mirica , Scott T. Phillips , Adam C. Siegel , Benjamin Wiley , George M. Whitesides
IPC分类号： G01N21/75
CPC分类号： B01L3/502707 , B01L3/5023 , B01L3/502738 , B01L7/525 , B01L2300/0816 , B01L2300/0864 , B01L2300/0867 , B01L2300/087 , B01L2300/0874 , B01L2300/0887 , B01L2300/126 , B01L2300/1855 , B01L2300/1877 , B01L2400/0406 , B01L2400/0633 , B01L2400/0672 , F16K99/0001 , F16K99/0015 , F16K99/0025 , F16K2099/008
摘要： Three-dimensional microfluidic devices including by a plurality of patterned porous, hydrophilic layers and a fluid-impermeable layer disposed between every two adjacent patterned porous, hydrophilic layers are described. Each patterned porous, hydrophilic layer has a fluid-impermeable barrier which substantially permeates the thickness of the porous, hydrophilic layer and defines boundaries of one or more hydrophilic regions within the patterned porous, hydrophilic layer. The fluid-impermeable layer has openings which are aligned with at least part of the hydrophilic region within at least one adjacent patterned porous, hydrophilic layer. Microfluidic assay device, microfluidic mixer, microfluidic flow control device are also described.
摘要翻译：描述了包括多个图案化的多孔亲水层和设置在每两个相邻的图案化的多孔亲水层之间的流体不可渗透层的三维微流体装置。每个图案化的多孔亲水层具有基本上渗透多孔亲水层的厚度的流体不可渗透屏障，并限定图案化的多孔亲水层内的一个或多个亲水区域的边界。流体不可渗透层具有与至少一个相邻的图案化的多孔亲水层内的亲水区域的至少一部分对准的开口。还描述了微流控测定装置，微流体混合器，微流控流量控制装置。

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