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    • 71. 发明授权
    • Adaptive wireless network
    • 自适应无线网络
    • US08331303B2
    • 2012-12-11
    • US12896397
    • 2010-10-01
    • Anil GuptaSung-Ju LeeVincent Ma
    • Anil GuptaSung-Ju LeeVincent Ma
    • H04W4/00H04H20/71
    • H04H20/63H04W28/18H04W84/12H04W88/08
    • Systems, methods, and devices are provided for an adaptive wireless network. A wireless network device for an adaptive wireless network can include an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) including logic and memory resources coupled to the ASIC. The logic can store information received from a number of clients associated with the wireless network device regarding capabilities of the number of clients in the memory resources. The logic can adapt a guard interval and/or a channel width for transmission of a data stream according to capabilities of a number of clients associated with the wireless network device.
    • 为自适应无线网络提供系统,方法和设备。 用于自适应无线网络的无线网络设备可以包括专用集成电路(ASIC),其包括耦合到ASIC的逻辑和存储器资源。 逻辑可以存储从与无线网络设备相关联的多个客户端接收的关于存储器资源中的客户端数量的能力的信息。 该逻辑可以根据与无线网络设备相关联的多个客户端的能力来调整用于传输数据流的保护间隔和/或信道宽度。
    • 73. 发明授权
    • Seamless roaming across wireless subnets using source address forwarding
    • 使用源地址转发无缝地漫游无线子网
    • US08018900B2
    • 2011-09-13
    • US11646904
    • 2006-12-28
    • Richard H. BlanchetteMartin BouchardAnil GuptaYannick KoehlerGilbert MoineauFréderic D. MouveauxRoger D. SandsPierre Trudeau
    • Richard H. BlanchetteMartin BouchardAnil GuptaYannick KoehlerGilbert MoineauFréderic D. MouveauxRoger D. SandsPierre Trudeau
    • H04W4/00H04W36/00H04L12/28
    • H04W8/02H04L45/66H04W40/36H04W80/02H04W80/04
    • To enable devices to detect L3 roaming users and to take appropriate forwarding actions, L3 knowledge is introduced inside a bridge in a non-intrusive way. In particular, as a client moves from a subnet associated with a first network element to a subnet associated with a second network element, a determination is made regarding whether the client is roaming. This is done by evaluating a source IP address within a L3 packet header within a first frame received at the second network element. If, as a result of the evaluating step, it is determined that the client is roaming, an L2 bridge forwarding table in the second network element is configured to include a source MAC address of the client together with information identifying at least a destination interface for use in directing client data traffic back towards the subnet associated with the first network element. The first frame is then forwarded. In one embodiment, the traffic is directed back towards the subnet associated with the first network element via a GRE encapsulation tunnel, although any convenient tunneling mechanism can be used. According to another feature, given information cached at the foreign access point is used to enable the roaming client to continue to seamlessly receive inbound traffic prior to or during the configuration of the L2 bridge forwarding table (i.e., before any outbound traffic is actually sent from the client).
    • 为了使设备能够检测L3漫游用户并采取适当的转发动作,L3桥梁内部以非侵入式方式引入知识。 特别地,当客户端从与第一网络元件相关联的子网移动到与第二网络元件相关联的子网时,确定客户端是否正在漫游。 这是通过评估在第二网络单元接收的第一帧内的L3分组报头内的源IP地址来完成的。 如果作为评估步骤的结果,确定客户端正在漫游,则第二网元中的L2桥转发表被配置为将客户端的源MAC地址与至少标识至少目的地接口的信息 用于将客户端数据业务引导回与第一网络元件相关联的子网。 然后转发第一帧。 在一个实施例中,尽管可以使用任何方便的隧道机制,但是业务通过GRE封装隧道被引导回到与第一网络元件相关联的子网。 根据另一特征,在外部接入点处缓存的给定信息被用于使得漫游客户端能够在配置L2网桥转发表之前或期间继续无缝地接收入站流量(即,在任何出站流量实际上从 客户端)。
    • 75. 发明授权
    • Fast roaming in a wireless network using per-STA pairwise master keys shared across participating access points
    • 使用每个参与接入点共享的每STA成对主密钥在无线网络中快速漫游
    • US07873352B2
    • 2011-01-18
    • US11430547
    • 2006-05-09
    • Hien NguyenPierre TrudeauAnil GuptaRoger D. SandsThomas S. Stefanski
    • Hien NguyenPierre TrudeauAnil GuptaRoger D. SandsThomas S. Stefanski
    • H04M1/66H04W36/00H04W4/00
    • H04L63/06H04L63/08H04L63/166H04W12/04H04W12/06H04W36/0011H04W36/0016H04W84/12H04W88/08
    • A fast roaming (handoff) service is provided for a WLAN infrastructure. A given mobile station (STA) obtains a pairwise master key (PMK) when it associates with an access point (AP) in the infrastructure. A neighbor graph identifies prospective APs to which the STA may then roam. At initialization, preferably the neighbor graph is fully-connected (i.e., each AP is assumed to be connected to every other AP). The PMK (obtained by the STA initially) is shared proactively with the neighbor APs as indicated in the neighbor graph. Thus, when the STA roams to a neighbor AP, because the PMK is already available, there is no requirement that the STA initiate a real-time request to an authentication server to re-associate to the new AP. Further, the new AP causes an update to the neighbor graph information implicitly by simply issuing a notification that it is now handling the STA that arrived from the prior AP; in this manner, the prior AP is confirmed as a neighbor, but there is no requirement for any inter-AP dialog before a given neighbor graph is updated. As roaming occurs the neighbor graph is pruned down (to reflect the actual neighbor AP connections) using the implicit notification data.
    • 为WLAN基础设施提供快速漫游(切换)服务。 当给定移动站(STA)与基础设施中的接入点(AP)相关联时,获得成对主密钥(PMK)。 邻居图识别STA可能漫游的预期AP。 在初始化时,优选邻居图是完全连接的(即,假设每个AP被连接到每个其他AP)。 PMK(由STA最初获得)与邻居图中所示的相邻AP主动共享。 因此,当STA漫游到邻居AP时,由于PMK已经可用,所以不要求STA向认证服务器发起与新AP重新关联的实时请求。 此外,新的AP通过简单地发出它正在处理从先前的AP到达的STA的通知来隐式地更新邻居图信息; 以这种方式,先前的AP被确认为邻居,但是在给定的邻居图更新之前不需要任何AP间对话。 当漫游发生时,使用隐式通知数据修剪邻居图(以反映实际的邻居AP连接)。
    • 77. 发明申请
    • WEAR LEVELING TECHNIQUES FOR FLASH EEPROM SYSTEMS
    • 消除闪存EEPROM系统的等级技术
    • US20080162798A1
    • 2008-07-03
    • US12038666
    • 2008-02-27
    • Karl M.J. LofgrenRobert D. NormanGregory B. ThelinAnil Gupta
    • Karl M.J. LofgrenRobert D. NormanGregory B. ThelinAnil Gupta
    • G06F12/00
    • G11C16/3495G06F12/0246G06F2212/1036G06F2212/7211G11C8/12G11C16/349
    • A mass storage system made of flash electrically erasable and programmable read only memory (“EEPROM”) cells organized into blocks, the blocks in turn being grouped into memory banks, is managed to even out the numbers of erase and rewrite cycles experienced by the memory banks in order to extend the service lifetime of the memory system. Since this type of memory cell becomes unusable after a finite number of erase and rewrite cycles, although in the tens of thousands of cycles, uneven use of the memory banks is avoided so that the entire memory does not become inoperative because one of its banks has reached its end of life while others of the banks are little used. Relative use of the memory banks is monitored and, in response to detection of uneven use, have their physical addresses periodically swapped for each other in order to even out their use over the lifetime of the memory.
    • 由闪存电可擦除和可编程只读存储器(“EEPROM”)组成的块的大容量存储系统被组合成块,这些块又被分组到存储体中,以便管理存储器经历的擦除和重写周期的数量 银行为了延长内存系统的使用寿命。 由于这种类型的存储器单元在有限数量的擦除和重写周期之后变得不可用,尽管在数万个周期中,避免了不均匀地使用存储器组,使得整个存储器不会变得不起作用,因为它的一个存储体具有 达到了终点,而其他银行也没有被使用。 监视存储器组的相对使用,并且响应于不均匀使用的检测,使它们的物理地址彼此周期性交换,以便在存储器的使用寿命期内甚至使用它们。